| 词条 | Robert Needham Philips |
| 释义 |
Robert Needham Philips DL (1815 – 28 February 1890)[1] was an English merchant and manufacturer in the Lancashire textiles business,[2] a Liberal Party politician, and the grandfather of the Whig historian G. M. Trevelyan. He lived in Manchester and in Warwickshire,[2] and after holding at least three ceremonial appointments he was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the borough of Bury, a mill town which was then in Lancashire, for a total of 22 years between 1857 and 1885.[1] Family and early lifePhilips was the youngest son Robert Philips, a merchant of The Park, Manchester, and his wife Anne née Needham.[2] His older brother Mark[3] (1800–1873) was one of the first two MPs to be elected for Manchester in 1832, after the Great Reform Act had given city parliamentary representation for the first time.[4] The family's extensive estate on the boundary of Whitefield and Prestwich, in Greater Manchester (now within the Metropolitan Borough of Bury), is now Philips Park.[3] His father's business partnership, Philips, Wood & Co, was dissolved in 1844 after the death of both partners.[5] The younger Robert was educated at Rugby School and at Manchester College.[2][6] He married twice, firstly in 1845 to Anna Maria Yates, daughter of Joseph Brooks Yates[7] from Liverpool, who died in 1850.[2] He married again in 1852 to Anna Maria's cousin, Mary Ellen Yates from London.[2][8] His daughter Caroline was married in 1869 to George Otto Trevelyan (1838–1928), who was later a baronet; their youngest son was the historian G. M. Trevelyan (1876–1962),[9] and their eldest son was the Liberal MP Sir Charles Trevelyan (1870–1958), who later joined the Labour Party and served in Ramsay MacDonald's cabinets as President of the Board of Education. His residences were listed in 1881 as The Park, Manchester, and Welcombe, Stratford upon Avon, Warwickshire.[2] He had inherited Welcombe House in 1873 on the death of his brother, and on his death the estate passed to his daughter Caroline.[10] Business interestsHe was a partner in a partnership of smallware manufacturers, with interests in Staffordshire, Lancashire, Westmorland and London, which was dissolved in 1855.[11] He was also engaged in a similar partnership which was restructured in 1867.[12] After his death in 1890 at the age of 75,[1] a further partnership was dissolved, which had involved a bleaching and dyeing enterprise at Bagley in Lancashire, and bobbin manufacturing at Staveley in Westmorland.[13] Political careerPhilips was appointed as a Deputy Lieutenant of Lancashire 1853,[14] and of Warwickshire in 1855.[15] He was Sheriff of Lancashire from 1856 to 1857.[16] He was elected as the MP for Bury at the 1857 general election,[17] but held the seat for only two years until he stood down from the House of Commons at the 1859 general election.[17] He stood again in 1865, after which he held the seat until he retired from Parliament of the United Kingdom at the 1885 general election.[17] See also
References1. ^1 2 {{Rayment-hc|b|6|date=March 2012}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book |title=Debrett's illustrated House of Commons and the Judicial Bench 1881 |first = Robert Henry |last = Mair |publisher = Dean & son |location=London |url=https://archive.org/stream/debrettshouseo1881londuoft#page/187/mode/1up |page=187 |accessdate=24 July 2010}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.bury.gov.uk/Environment/Planning/PlanningProjects/CountrysideAndWildlife/PhilipsP|title=Philips Park Restoration Project|publisher=Bury Council|accessdate=24 July 2010}} 4. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRphilipsM.htm | title=Mark Philips | work=Spartacus Educational | accessdate=24 July 2010 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024214052/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRphilipsM.htm | archivedate=24 October 2011 | df=dmy-all }} 5. ^{{London Gazette|issue= 20376|date= 23 August 1844|page=2957|city=London}} 6. ^Several different institutions have borne the name Manchester College, or a variation thereof. It is unclear which of them is referred to by the entry in Debretts. 7. ^{{cite book |last1=Walford |title=County families |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=psgIAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA508&lpg=PA508&dq=anna+maria+yates+philips&source=bl&ots=wHnvinUGmk&sig=lkj22TrkN-a2A8CpR4cOVuF07OU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoxMHYoYDdAhXHUlAKHaogC_8Q6AEwD3oECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=anna%20maria%20yates%20philips&f=false}} 8. ^{{cite web |last1=Pringle |first1=Ian |title=The Philips family of the Park Prestwich |url=http://www.pilkingtons-lancastrian.co.uk/Animals/Philips%20Park.pdf |accessdate=22 August 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://ia311326.us.archive.org//load_djvu_applet.php?file=2/items/EncyclopaediaBritannica1911HQDJVU/Encyclopedia_Britannica_27_Tonalite_-_Vesuvius.djvu|title=Sir George Otto, Bart Trevelyan|year=1911|work=Encyclopædia Britannica 1911, Volume 27|page = 255|accessdate=24 July 2010}} 10. ^{{cite book|title=The borough of Stratford-upon-Avon: Manors|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=57019|series=A History of the County of Warwick:,Volume 3: Barlichway hundred|year=1945|pages=258–266|accessdate=24 July 2010}} 11. ^{{London Gazette|issue= 21840|date= 18 January 1856|page=216|city=London}} 12. ^{{London Gazette|issue= 23210|date= 18 January 1867|page=335|city=London}} 13. ^{{London Gazette|issue= 26194|date= 21 August 1891|page=4509|city=London}} 14. ^{{London Gazette|issue= 21485|date=14 October 1853|page=2762|city= London}} 15. ^{{London Gazette|issue= 21693|date=13 April 1855|page=1458|city= London}} 16. ^{{London Gazette|issue= 21845|date= 1 February 1856|page=365|city= London}} 17. ^1 2 {{cite book |last=Craig |first=F. W. S. |authorlink= F. W. S. Craig |title=British parliamentary election results 1832–1885 |origyear=1977 |edition= 2nd |year=1989 |publisher= Parliamentary Research Services |location=Chichester |isbn= 0-900178-26-4 |page=72}} External links
| title = Member of Parliament for Bury | years = 1857 – 1859 }}{{s-aft | after = Frederick Peel }}{{s-bef | before = Frederick Peel }}{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for Bury | years = 1865 – 1885 }}{{s-aft | after = Sir Henry James }}{{s-end}}{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Philips, Robert Needham}} 13 : 1815 births|1890 deaths|Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|UK MPs 1857–59|UK MPs 1865–68|UK MPs 1868–74|UK MPs 1874–80|UK MPs 1880–85|Politics of the Metropolitan Borough of Bury|People educated at Rugby School|Deputy Lieutenants of Lancashire|Deputy Lieutenants of Warwickshire|High Sheriffs of Lancashire |
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