| 词条 | Rochestown |
| 释义 |
Rochestown is a primarily residential area in the suburbs of Cork City, Ireland. Originally a somewhat rural area, housing developments in the 20th and 21st centuries have connected the area to Douglas and nearby suburbs. A trunk road passes through the area, linking Rochestown and other villages in lower Cork Harbour, to Cork City. Rochestown Road also links Douglas village with the N40 South Ring Road. HistoryAmong the earliest written mentions of Rochestown are a reference in the Pipe Roll of Cloyne (1385) as "Rochestoun",[1] and the Down Survey (1656) as "Rochtowne".[2] Other documents record the manor and estate houses in the area, including Ronayne's Court, a fortified house which was built in 1624,[3] and described as the "oldest house near the [River] Lee" prior to its demolition in the 20th century.[4][5] In the 19th century, the Capuchin Order opened a friary on the Rochestown-Monkstown road, which was developed as a secondary school, and is now more commonly known as St. Francis College Rochestown.[6][7] Also opened in the 19th century was Rochestown railway station, a station on the Cork, Blackrock and Passage Railway line.[8] Though closed in 1932, part of this line was developed into a walking route alongside Lough Mahon.[9] In the 1920s, during the Free State offensive of the Irish Civil War, there were clashes around Rochestown as Anti-Treaty irregulars attempted to hold the village from advancing Pro-Treaty National Army troops.[10] This engagement, sometimes referred to as the "Battle of Rochestown",[11][12] occurred as Emmet Dalton's National Army troops landed in numbers (with armoured car and field artillery support) at Passage West port, and advanced towards Cork city.[13] Anti-Treaty troops, including reinforcements fresh from the Battle of Kilmallock, demolished the bridge and fortified several buildings in Rochestown, before retiring to defensive positions in Old Court Woods and Belmonte Hill.[14] The fighting, which went on for three days, resulted in a National Army victory, and the eventual capture of Cork city.[15] While a local Rochestown medical officer had set up a field hospital in his home, upwards of 7 Anti-Treaty and 9 Pro-Treaty soldiers were killed.[16][17] Remaining Anti-Treaty prisoners were taken to Cork. One of the fiercest areas of fighting, Old Court Woods at Garryduff, is now a forested Coillte amenity.[18] AmenitiesPublic green space and leisure amenities in the area include trails in Old Court woods and the Lough Mahon walkway.[18][9] The Catholic parish of Douglas and Rochestown is situated between Passage West and Douglas in County Cork.[19] A Catholic church of this parish (St Patrick's Church) is close to the Rochestown Road. The area is served by two schools, Scoil Phádraig Naofa (primary) which opened in 2014,[20] and St. Francis College Rochestown (secondary) which dates to 1884.[7] Local businesses include a small "town centre" type development in the Mount Oval housing development.[21] See also
References1. ^{{cite book|title = Pipe Roll of Cloyne | publisher = Cathedral Church of Cloyne | editors = Richard Caulfield, James Coleman, John O'Riordan | date = 1918 | via = Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, Ser. 2, Vol. XIX - XXIII}} 2. ^{{cite book| url = http://downsurvey.tcd.ie/down-survey-maps.php#c=Cork | publisher = Bibliotheque National de France | editor = William Petty | title = The County of Corke | via = Trinity College Dublin | date = 1656 }} 3. ^{{cite book| title = Discovering Cork | page = 113 | author = Daphne Pochin Mould | isbn = 9780863221293 | publisher = Brandon | date = 1991 |quote = "Ronayne's Court [..] was built in 1624 and demolished in 1969"}} 4. ^{{cite book| title = Burke's Guide to Country Houses - Volume I - Ireland | author = Mark Bence-Jones | publisher = Burke's Peerage | date = 1978 |isbn = 9780827772755 |quote = "Ronayne's Court [..] having a large early 17th century fireplace carved with [..] an inscription recording that the house was built by John Ronayne 1624"}} 5. ^{{cite journal | journal = Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society | author = James Coleman | title = The oldest house near the Lee, being an account of Ronayne's Court and of the Ronayne family | series = 2 | volume = XVIII | issn = 0010-8731 | pages = 106-108 | date = 1912}} 6. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.rochestown.irishcapuchins.com/a_brief_history.htm | author = Irish Capuchin Franciscan Friars | publisher = IrishCapuchins.com | title = The Founding of Rochestown College - A Brief History |date = 2012 |accessdate = 11 September 2017 }} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url = http://www.stfranciscollege-rochestown.ie/history/ | publisher = Stfranciscollege-rochestown.ie | accessdate = 11 September 2017 | authors = Gilbert Bermingham, Bryan Shortall | title = History - St. Francis College, Rochestown 1884-2006 }} 8. ^{{cite web |author = Railscot |title=Irish Railways - Rochestown |publisher=Railscot.co.uk |url=http://www.railscot.co.uk/Ireland/Irish_railways.pdf |accessdate=19 September 2017}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|url = http://www.corkindependent.com/20121025/features/take-a-walk-by-the-castle-S51719.html | author = Cork Independent | publisher = | date = 25 October 2012 | title = Take a walk by the castle |accessdate = 19 September 2017 }} 10. ^{{cite web|url = http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/2010/1/ThenavalforcesoftheIrishstate.pdf | publisher = MaynoothUniversity.ie | author = Padhraic Ó Confhaola | title = The Naval Forces of the Irish State, 1922-1977 (Thesis) | date =2009 | quote = "Clashes occurred around Rochestown as Irregular troops from Cork city attempted to hold the village [..] and surrounding woods"}} 11. ^{{cite web|url = http://douglasrochestownparish.ie/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/newsletter-19-April-2015.pdf | publisher = DouglasRochestownParish.ie | title = Battle of Rochestown |author = John Borgonovo | date = 2015 }} 12. ^{{cite web| accessdate = 19 September 2017 | url= https://www.academia.edu/14217779/Final_20_July_2015_Cork_deaths_War_of_Independence_and_Civil_War_1916-1923 | author = Barry Keane | title = Cork deaths War of Independence and Civil War 1916-1923 | date = 20 July 2015 }} 13. ^{{cite book|url = https://books.google.ie/books?id=BqyHCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT182&lpg=PT182&dq=rochestown+august+1922&source=bl#v=onepage&q=rochestown%20august%201922&f=false | title = I am Soldier: War stories, from the Ancient World to the 20th Century | authors = Robert O'Neill, Richard Holmes | quote = "Dalton's amphibious attack on Cork [came] on 8 August 1922. [..] Dalton put ashore 456 men, an armoured car and an 18lb gun outside Cork. [..A]fter fighting at Rochestown and Douglas, Cork fell to Dalton" | date = 2011 |page = |isbn = 9781780962269 | publisher = Bloomsbury Publishing }} 14. ^{{cite book|author = Peter Cottrell | date = 2014 | title = The Irish Civil War 1922–23 |publisher = Osprey | isbn = 9781472810335 | url = https://books.google.ie/books?id=2m6ICwAAQBAJ&pg=PT49&dq=rochestown+%22old+court%22+1922&hl=en | quote = "the Republicans [..] demolished the bridge leading into the town and fortified several buildings. Exhausted IRA reinforcements were brought in by train from Kilmallock [..but..] By the evening of 8 August the IRA had been shoved out of Rochestown and driven back to Old Court Woods to the west. In the end [..] 12 men secured a Saorstat victory by assaulting Cronin's Cottage on Belmonte Hill [..] casualties were relatively high and seven out of 200 IRA and nine out of 456 NA soldiers were killed."}} 15. ^{{cite web|url = https://books.google.ie/books?id=BO34AwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=isbn:0717158195&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjGoeCiuLLWAhWEBsAKHWHGAEwQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=rochestown&f=false | publisher = Gill & Macmillan | author = Michael Hopkinson | title = Green Against Green – The Irish Civil War: A History of the Irish Civil War | date = 2010 | isbn= 9780717158195 }} 16. ^{{cite web|url = http://homepage.eircom.net/~corkcounty/douglas.html | author = James Lynch | date = 1922 | title = Account of events by Dr. James Lynch, Medical Officer, Garryduff, Rochestown| accessdate = 20 September 2017 | via = Homepage.eircom.net }} 17. ^{{cite book|author = Padraic O'Farrell | url = https://books.google.ie/books?id=n1giAQAAIAAJ&q=James+Lynch+rochestown+1922&dq=James+Lynch+rochestown+1922&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwixqeHyubLWAhWCL8AKHeePBVgQ6AEIJzAA | quote = "LYNCH [..] From 8-10 August 1922, after Passage landings, they turned their home near Rochestown into a virtual field dressing station for both sides" | page = 170 | isbn = | date = 1997 | publisher = Dufour | title = Who's who in the Irish War of Independence and Civil War, 1916-1923 }} 18. ^1 {{cite web|url = http://www.coillte.ie/site/oldcourt-garryduff/ | title = Sites - Oldcourt / Garryduff | publisher = Coillte.ie |author = Coillte | accessdate = 20 September 2017 }} 19. ^{{cite web|url = http://douglasrochestownparish.ie/about-the-parish/ | publisher = Douglasrochestownparish.ie | title = Parish of Douglas and Rochestown - About the Parish | accessdate = 11 September 2017 }} 20. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.rochestownns.ie/official-school-opening-2014.html | publisher = RochestownNS.ie | title = Scoil Phádraig Naofa - Official School Opening 2014 | accessdate = 11 September 2017 }} 21. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.sherryfitz.ie/files/SAM//29125/WWW/Mount%20Oval%20Pharmacy_C&W_16CORINV00877.pdf | publisher = Sherry Fitzgerald | accessdate = 23 August 2017 | title = Mount Oval Pharmacy, The Square, Mount Oval Village| quote = "the commercial centre of Mount Oval Village [..is..] laid out in a courtyard setting with [..retail and medical businesses..] bar and restaurant" }} Bordering suburbs{{Geographic location|title = Neighbouring areas of Cork. |Northwest = Tramore River Estuary |North = Mahon |Northeast = Lough Mahon |West = Douglas |Centre = Rochestown |East = Passage West |Southwest = Douglas |South = Rural Area |Southeast = Rural Area}} 2 : Geography of Cork (city)|Towns in Ireland |
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