| 词条 | Mariana and Palau Islands campaign |
| 释义 |
| conflict = Mariana and Palau Islands campaign | partof = the Pacific Theater of World War II | image = | caption = A U.S. amphibious tractor loaded with Marines approaches Tinian during the U.S. landings on that island | date = June – November 1944 | place = Mariana and Palau Islands, Pacific Ocean | result = U.S. victory | combatant1 = {{flag|United States|1912}} | combatant2 = {{flagcountry|Empire of Japan}} | commander1 = Chester Nimitz Raymond A. Spruance Richmond K. Turner Holland Smith Roy Geiger Harry Schmidt William H. Rupertus Paul J. Mueller | commander2 = Yoshitsugu Saito{{KIA}} Chuichi Nagumo{{KIA}} Jisaburo Ozawa Kakuji Kakuta{{KIA}} Takeshi Takashina{{KIA}} Hideyoshi Obata{{KIA}} Kiyochi Ogata{{KIA}} Sadae Inoue Kunio Nakagawa{{KIA}} | strength1 = 128,000 600+ ships | strength2 = 71,000 | casualties1 = 8,125 killed and missing | casualties2 = 67,000+ killed | campaignbox ={{Campaignbox Marianas and Palaus}}{{Campaignbox Pacific Ocean}} }} The Mariana and Palau Islands campaign, also known as Operation Forager, was an offensive launched by United States forces against Imperial Japanese forces in the Mariana Islands and Palau in the Pacific Ocean between June and November 1944 during the Pacific War.[1] The United States offensive, under the overall command of Chester Nimitz, followed the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign and was intended to neutralize Japanese bases in the central Pacific, support the Allied drive to retake the Philippines, and provide bases for a strategic bombing campaign against Japan. Beginning the offensive, United States Marine Corps and United States Army forces, with support from the United States Navy, executed landings on Saipan in June 1944. In response, the Imperial Japanese Navy's combined fleet sortied to attack the U.S. Navy fleet supporting the landings. In the resulting aircraft carrier Battle of the Philippine Sea (the so-called “Great Marianas Turkey Shoot”) on 19–20 June, the Japanese naval forces were decisively defeated with heavy and irreplaceable losses to their carrier-borne and land-based aircraft. U.S. forces executed landings on Guam and Tinian in July 1944. After heavy fighting, Saipan was secured in July and Guam and Tinian in August 1944. The U.S. then constructed airfields on Saipan and Tinian where B-29s were based to conduct strategic bombing missions against the Japanese mainland until the end of World War II, including the nuclear attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In the meantime, in order to secure the flank for U.S. forces preparing to attack Japanese forces in the Philippines, in September 1944, U.S. Marine and Army forces landed on the islands of Peleliu and Angaur in Palau. After heavy and intense combat on Peleliu, the island was finally secured by U.S. forces in November 1944. Following their landings in the Mariana and Palau Islands, Allied forces continued their ultimately successful campaign against Japan by landing in the Philippines in October 1944 and the Volcano and Ryukyu Islands beginning in January 1945. See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/wapa/extContent/usmc/pcn-190-003126-00/sec3.htm|title = Liberation: Marines in the Recapture of Guam (Operation in Forager)|website = www.nps.gov|access-date = 2016-03-09}} Books
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| last = Wright | first = Derrick | authorlink = | year = 2005 | chapter = | title = To the Far Side of Hell: The Battle for Peleliu, 1944 | publisher = Fire Ant Books | location = | isbn = 0-8173-5281-3 }} Web
| url = http://ww2db.com/battle_spec.php?battle_id=10 | title = The Marianas and the Great Turkey Shoot | author = Chen, C. Peter | work = World War II Database | accessdate = 2005-05-31}}
| last = Dyer | first = George Carroll | authorlink = | url = http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ACTC/index.html | title = The Amphibians Came to Conquer: The Story of Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner | work = | pages = | publisher = United States Government Printing Office | language = | accessdate = October 20, 2006 }}
| url = http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USMC/USMC-M-Saipan/index.html | title = Saipan: The Beginning of the End | author = Hoffman, Major Carl W., USMC | work = USMC Historical Monograph | publisher = Historical Branch, United States Marine Corps | year = 1950 | accessdate = 2005-12-19}}
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| last = Gayle | first = BGen Gordon D. | year = 1996 | url = http://www.nps.gov/archive/wapa/indepth/extContent/usmc/pcn-190-003137-00/sec12.htm | title = Bloody Beaches: The Marines at Peleliu | work = Marines in World War II Commemorative Series | publisher = Marine Corps Historical Center | accessdate = 2006-12-19 }}
| last = Hough | first = Frank O. | year = 1950 | url = http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USMC/USMC-M-Peleliu/index.html | title = The Assault on Peleliu (The Seizure of Peleliu) | work = USMC Historical Monograph | publisher = Historical Branch, G-3 Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps | accessdate = 2006-12-19 }}
| last = Smith | first = Robert Ross | year = 1996 | url = http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-P-Approach/index.html | title = The Approach to the Philippines | work = United States Army in World War II: The War in the Pacific | publisher = United States Army Center of Military History | accessdate = 2006-12-19 }}
External links{{commons|Mariana and Palau Islands campaign}}{{World War II}}{{coord missing|Palau}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mariana And Palau Islands Campaign}} 7 : Conflicts in 1944|History of the Northern Mariana Islands|Pacific Ocean theatre of World War II|United States Marine Corps in World War II|Wars involving Palau|Campaigns of World War II|Battles and operations of World War II involving Japan |
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