| 词条 | Roger Bower |
| 释义 |
|name=Sir Roger Bower |image= |caption= |birth_date=13 February 1903 |death_date=9 January 1990 (aged 86) |placeofburial= |birth_place=Andover, Hampshire, England |death_place= |nickname= |allegiance={{flag|United Kingdom}} |branch={{army|United Kingdom}} |serviceyears=1923–1960 |servicenumber=24360 |rank=Lieutenant General |unit=King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry |commands=1st Battalion, Border Regiment 1st Airlanding Brigade 6th Airlanding Brigade Malaya Command Middle East Land Forces |battles=World War II Palestine Emergency |awards=Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire |relations= |laterwork= }} Lieutenant General Sir Roger Herbert Bower KCB KBE (13 February 1903 – 9 January 1990) was a senior British Army officer who served in World War II and later became General Officer Commanding (GOC) Malaya Command. Military careerRoger Bower was born in Andover, Hampshire, England, on 13 February 1903, the son of Herbert Morris Bower and Eileen Francis Fitzgerald. He was educated at Repton School and, later, attended the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, from where, after passing out, he was commissioned into the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI) on 1 February 1923. Among his fellow graduates were Robert Poole, Geoffrey Bourne, Ernest Down, Archer Clive, Francis Matthews, John Carew Pole, Hugh Stockwell and Ronald Littledale.[1] He served with the 2nd Battalion of his regiment in India from 1923 to 1930.[2] Promoted on 1 February 1925 to lieutenant,[3] After serving as his battalion's adjutant, he then returned to England where he attended the Staff College, Camberley, from 1935 to late 1936, and, like at Sandhurst, several of his fellow students were destined for general officer rank during World War II or in the years after. They included Eric Bols, John Whitfield, Robert Arkwright, Lewis Lyne, Geoffrey Bourne and Robert Poole, both fellow Sandhurst graduates, Freddie de Guingand, Leonard Holmes, Stephen Shoosmith, Charles Dalton, Charles Keightley, Charles Haydon, Walter Lentaigne, George Walsh, Horatius Murray, Charles Dunphie, Terence Airey and Gerald Lloyd-Verney.[4] After graduating from Camberley Bower, who on 1 February 1935 was promoted to captain,[5] was appointed as a brigade major in Hong Kong from 1937 to 1938.[2] He then returned again to England in November 1938 where he served as a General Staff Officer Grade 3 (GSO3) at the War Office, in which role he was serving upon the outbreak of World War II in September 1939.[6] On 1 January 1939 Bower was promoted to the brevet rank of major.[7] Promoted on 1 February 1940 to major,[8] he served in World War II, which began in September 1939, initially still in the War Office. However, on 23 April 1941 he was promoted to the acting rank of lieutenant colonel and made Commanding Officer (CO) of the 1st Battalion, Border Regiment. Later in the year the battalion was transferred to the airborne forces and converted into a glider infantry unit. He also served at Headquarters 1 Airborne Corps in North West Europe and participated in Operation Market Garden, being personally involved in the attack by 1 Airborne Corps on Arnhem in 1944.[2] He was Commander, 1st Airlanding Brigade in Norway in 1945.[2] After the War he was deployed with 6th Airlanding Brigade to Palestine from 1945 to 1946 and then went to Hamburg District from 1948 to 1949.[2] He was appointed Director Land/Air Warfare at the War Office in 1950 and Director of Military Training and Director of Land/Air Warfare in 1951.[2] He was Commanding Officer of East Anglian District from 1952 to 1955 and then Chief of Staff Allied Forces, Northern Europe from 1955 to 1956 when he was made General Officer Commanding and Director of Operations for Malaya.[2] His final post was as Commander-in-Chief Middle East Land Forces in Cyprus in 1958; he retired in 1960.[2] Following retirement, he was appointed Lieutenant of the Tower of London from 1960-63.[9] References1. ^{{London Gazette|issue=32792|page=807|date=2 February 1923}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives 3. ^{{London Gazette|issue=33017|page=778|date=3 February 1925}} 4. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34126|page=548|date=22 January 1935}} 5. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34135|page=1271|date=22 February 1935}} 6. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34574|page=7433|date=25 November 1938}} 7. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34586|page=59|date=3 January 1939}} 8. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34783|page=648|date=30 January 1940|supp=y}} 9. ^Earl Alexander New Constable Of Tower 1960 External links
|-{{s-bef|before=Sir Geoffrey Bourne}}{{s-ttl|title=C-in-C Middle East Land Forces|years=1958−1960}}{{s-aft|after=Sir Richard Anderson}} |-{{s-hon}}{{s-bef|before=Charles Deedes}}{{s-ttl|title=Colonel of the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry|years=1960−1966}}{{s-aft|after=Sir Harold Redman}}{{end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bower, Roger}} 13 : 1903 births|1990 deaths|British Army generals|British Army personnel of World War II|British military personnel of the Palestine Emergency|Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst|Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley|King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry officers|Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath|Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire|Lieutenants of the Tower of London|People educated at Repton School|People from Andover, Hampshire |
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