| 词条 | Maria of Portugal, Queen of Castile |
| 释义 |
| consort = yes | name = Maria of Portugal | image = D. Maria de Portugal, Rainha de Castela - The Portuguese Genealogy (Genealogia dos Reis de Portugal).png | image_size = 200px | caption = Maria of Portugal, in Antonio de Hollanda's Genealogy of the Royal Houses of Spain and Portugal (1530–1534) | succession = Queen consort of Castile and León | reign = 1328–1350 | coronation = | spouse = Alfonso XI of Castile | issue = Peter of Castile | house = Portuguese House of Burgundy | father = Afonso IV of Portugal | mother = Beatrice of Castile | birth_date = 9 February 1313 | birth_place = | death_date = {{Death date and age|1357|1|18|1313|2|9|df=yes}} | death_place = Évora | burial_place= Royal Monastery of San Clemente in Seville. | religion = Roman Catholicism |}} Infanta Maria of Portugal ({{IPA-pt|mɐˈɾiɐ}}) (9 February 1313 – 18 January 1357) was a Portuguese infanta (princess), Queen consort of Castile upon her marriage to Alfonso XI in 1328, and mother of King Peter of Castile.{{Sfn|Borrero Fernández|1991|p=66}} She was the first daughter of King Afonso IV of Portugal and his first wife Beatrice of Castile. Her maternal grandparents were Sancho IV of Castile and María de Molina. LifeIn 1328, Maria married King Alfonso XI. As part of the dower, King Alfonso gave her Guadalajara, Talavera de la Reina and Olmedo. The relationship between Maria and Alfonso was unhappy: from 1327 before their marriage, Alfonso had a relationship with Leonor de Guzmán who gave him ten children, including the future King Henry II of Castile. Maria did not participate in the affairs of the court, being relegated by the royal mistress Leonor and it is quite likely that she spent long periods secluded at the Royal Monastery of San Clemente in Seville.{{Sfn|Borrero Fernández|1991|p=66}} In 1335, Maria returned to her father in Évora, who demanded that Alfonso separated from Leonor by use of alliances with the Pope, the Muslims and rebels inside Castile, and finally by an invasion. In the peace treaty of Seville in July 1340, Alfonso agreed to have Leonor imprisoned in a convent, thereby securing the support of the king of Portugal in the Battle of Río Salado which was fought on 30 October 1340, although, once the military conflict had been resolved, he returned to his lover and did not fulfill the promise he had made to the Portuguese monarch. At the death of Alfonso 26 March 1350, Maria secured a power position by exerting influence upon the leader of her son's council, João Afonso de Albuquerque. She participated in the rebellion against her son in 1354, and turned over Toro to the rebels, which caused his imprisonment. After this, she returned to Portugal. Children
Death and BurialMaría had executed a will in Valladolid on 8 November 1351 in which she asked to be buried at the Royal Chapel of the Cathedral of Seville where her husband Alfonso XI had been buried and that, if his remains were transferred to another church, hers should also be transferred and buried alongside her husband.{{Sfn|Borrero Fernández|1991|p=67}} She died in Évora on 18 January 1357 and was buried there until, against the wishes expressed in her will, her remains were transferred to the Royal Monastery of San Clemente in Seville. In 1371, King Henry II had ordered that his father, King Alfonso XI, should receive burial at the Royal Collegiate Church of Saint Hippolytus in Córdoba and at the same time, he probably decided that María, who had been responsible for his mother's death, should be buried at the monastery in Seville.{{Sfn|Borrero Fernández|1991|p=69}} The gravestone made of simple tiles at the monastery mentions that she is buried there with two "tender infants".{{efn|Until recently, it was believed that she and King Alfonso had been the parents of the firstborn, Fernando, who died as an infant a few months after his birth. The reference to another infant in the tombstone is also mentioned in some parchments discovered in 1813 when the remains buried at the church of the Monastery were exhumed. These parchments mention that two infants had been buried with their mother, Queen María.{{Sfn|Borrero Fernández|1991|p=69}}}} |File:Coat of Arms of Constance and Mary of Portugal as Queens of Castile.svg|alt1=See adjacent text|Coat of arms of Maria of Portugal as Queen Consort of Castile }} Ancestors{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |title=Ancestors of Maria of Portugal |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Maria of Portugal |2= 2. Afonso IV of Portugal |3= 3. Beatrice of Castile |4= 4. Denis, King of Portugal |5= 5. Elizabeth of Aragon |6= 6. Sancho IV of Castile |7= 7. María de Molina |8= 8. Afonso III of Portugal |9= 9. Beatrice of Castile |10= 10. Peter III of Aragon |11= 11. Constance of Sicily |12= 12. Alfonso X of Castile |13= 13. Violant of Aragon |14= 14. Alfonso of Molina |15= 15. Mayor Alfonso de Meneses |16= 16. Afonso II of Portugal |17= 17. Urraca of Castile |18= 18. Alfonso X of Castile |19= 19. Mayor Guillén de Guzmán |20= 20. James I of Aragon |21= 21. Violant of Hungary |22= 22. Manfred, King of Sicily |23= 23. Beatrice of Savoy |24= 24. Ferdinand III of Castile |25= 25. Elisabeth of Swabia |26= 26. James I of Aragon (= 20) |27= 27. Violant of Hungary (= 21) |28= 28. Alfonso IX of León |29= 29. Berengaria of Castile |30= 30. Alfonso Téllez de Meneses |31= 31. María Yáñez de Lima }} NotesReferences{{Reflist}}Bibliography
12 : Castilian queen consorts|Leonese queen consorts|Galician queens consort|Portuguese infantas|House of Burgundy-Portugal|Burials at Seville Cathedral|1313 births|1357 deaths|14th-century Portuguese people|14th-century Portuguese women|14th-century Spanish people|14th-century Spanish women |
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