| 词条 | Mariss Jansons |
| 释义 |
Mariss Ivars Georgs Jansons (born 14 January 1943) is a Latvian conductor, the son of conductor Arvīds Jansons and the singer Iraida Jansone. Early lifeIraida Jansone, who was Jewish, gave birth to her son in hiding in Riga, Latvia, after being smuggled out of the Riga Ghetto, where Iraida's father and brother were murdered by the Nazis. As a child, Jansons first studied violin with his father.[1] In 1946, Mariss's father, Arvīds Jansons won second prize in a national competition and was chosen by Yevgeny Mravinsky to be his assistant at the Leningrad Philharmonic. When his family joined him in 1956, young Mariss entered the Leningrad Conservatory, where he studied piano and conducting, although his father urged him to continue playing violin. In 1969, he continued his training in Vienna with Hans Swarowsky and in Salzburg with Herbert von Karajan. Karajan wanted to invite Jansons to be his assistant with the Berlin Philharmonic, but the Soviet authorities blocked Jansons from ever hearing about the offer.[2] CareerIn 1971, Jansons won the second prize at the "Herbert von Karajan" International Conducting Competition. In 1973, Jansons was appointed Associate Conductor of the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra (now the Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra). In 1979, he was appointed music director of the Oslo Philharmonic, with which he performed, recorded and toured extensively. Jansons resigned his Oslo position in 2000 after disputes with the city over the acoustics of the Oslo Concert Hall.[3] In 1992, Jansons was named principal guest conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra. He has worked as a guest conductor with the London Symphony Orchestra and has recorded Mahler's Symphony No. 6 with them for the LSO Live label.[4][5] In 1997, Jansons became the music director of the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra. His initial contract was for three years, but his subsequent contract renewals were evergreen contracts that required yearly renewal. In June 2002, he announced his departure from the orchestra in 2004.[6] In April 1996 in Oslo, Jansons nearly died while conducting the final pages of La bohème, after a heart attack.[7] He recuperated in Switzerland. Later, surgeons in Pittsburgh fitted a defibrillator in his chest to give his heart an electric jolt if it fails. (Jansons's father died at a 1984 concert, conducting the Hallé Orchestra).[8] Jansons has stated that he suffers from jet lag, and this was one reason that he left his American position.[9] At the start of the 2003/2004 season, Jansons began his tenure as chief conductor of the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra (BRSO),[10] for an initial contract of 3 years[11] His commitment with the BRSO is for 10 weeks per season.[12] In September 2006, Jansons extended his initial BRSO contract to August 2009.[13] In July 2007, he further extended his contract with the BRSO to August 2012.[14] In April 2011, he extended his BRSO contract to August 2015 in Munich.[15] In June 2013, the BRSO further extended Jansons' contract through August 2018.[16] In May 2015, the BRSO announced a further extension of Jansons' contract through 2021.[17] In July 2018, the orchestra announced more further extension of the maestro's contract through 2024.[18] He has regularly campaigned for the construction of a new concert hall for the orchestra.[19] In October 2002, Jansons was named the sixth chief conductor of the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (RCO) of Amsterdam, effective 1 September 2004, succeeding Riccardo Chailly.[20] His initial Amsterdam contract was for 3 years,[21] and his commitment in Amsterdam was for 12 weeks per season. In April 2014, the orchestra announced the scheduled conclusion of Jansons' tenure as chief conductor after the 2014–2015 season.[22][23] He conducted his final concert as chief conductor of the RCO on 20 March 2015, in the presence of Queen Maxima.[24] In 2006, Jansons conducted the Vienna Philharmonic New Year's Concert for the first time. Also in January 2006, he was awarded MIDEM's Artist of the Year Award in Cannes. In October 2007, Jansons (who himself is Lutheran)[25] conducted Beethoven's Ninth Symphony with the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra for Pope Benedict XVI and 7000 other listeners in the papal audience hall (Auditorio Paul VI). Jansons conducted the Vienna New Year's Concert for the second time in 2012. The concert was televised worldwide in seventy-three countries. He conducted the Vienna Philharmonic New Year's Concert for a third time in 2016. The New Year's Concert 2016 was broadcast in over 90 countries around the world and was seen by 50 million television viewers. Personal lifeJansons has been married twice. He and his first wife, Ira, had a daughter, Ilona, a pianist who currently works at the Mariinsky Theatre. The marriage ended during his tenure in Oslo. Jansons and his second wife Irina, a former speech therapist, have a home in Saint Petersburg, where Jansons keeps his collection of scores.[26] AwardsJansons has been awarded various Austrian and international honours for his achievements, including Commander of the Royal Norwegian Order of Merit from King Harald of Norway and memberships of the Royal Academy of Music in London and the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde (Society of Music Friends) in Vienna. He was awarded the St. Hallvard Medal in 1986.[27] In May 2006, he was awarded the Order of the Three Stars (2nd class or Grand Commander), Latvia's highest state honour. He was awarded the Bavarian Order of Merit in 2007 and in 2010, the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art. In 2008, Jansons received the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art.[28] Jansons' recording of Shostakovich's Symphony No. 13 with Sergey Aleksashkin (bass) and the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra and Chorus won the Grammy Award for Best Orchestral Performance at the 2006 Grammy Awards. In January 2006 he was awarded a Midem, a Cannes Classical Award as Artist of the Year. In 2007 he was honoured by the German Phono Academy with the Echo Klassik as Conductor of the Year. In 2011, he was awarded the same title by the German journal Opernwelt.[29] Jansons won the Ernst von Siemens Music Prize in 2013.[30] On 31 March 2013 Jansons was awarded a medal of honour "For the Merits before St. Petersburg". On 4 October 2013, Jansons received the Grand Merit Cross with Star of the Federal Republic of Germany.[31] On 1 November 2013, Jansons was awarded Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion and received it from Dutch Minister of Education, Culture and Science Jet Bussemaker.[32] In a press release, dated from 23 November 2017[33] – the Royal Philharmonic Society announced, that Mariss Jansons has been awarded with the RPS Gold Medal – one of the highest honors in the world of classical music. The Medal itself was awarded to Jansons by the world-renowned pianist Mitsuko Uchida during a concert with the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra (Symphonieorchester des Bayerischen Rundfunks) on the eve of 24 November 2017 in London's Barbican Hall.[34] Mariss Jansons is the 104th recipient of the RPS Gold Medal. In 2018 he has been awarded with the Honorary Membership of the Berliner Philharmoniker.[35] CD-productions
References1. ^{{cite news | author=Ludwig Heinrich | title=Viele Werte sind verloren gegangen | url=http://www.nachrichten.at/nachrichten/kultur/art16,692418 | work=Oberösterreichische Nachrichten | date=20 August 2011 |accessdate=21 August 2011}} 2. ^{{cite news | author=Colin Hughes | title=Straight from the heart | url=https://www.theguardian.com/saturday_review/story/0,,295732,00.html|work=The Guardian|date=1 May 1999|accessdate=19 August 2007}} 3. ^{{cite news | author=Hugh Canning | title=On the upbeat | url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/article787347.ece | work=The Times | date=15 January 2006 | accessdate=19 August 2007}} 4. ^{{cite news | author=Richard Morrison | title=A hundred to one | url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/article1034633.ece | work=The Times | date=6 December 2003 | accessdate=19 August 2007}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}} 5. ^{{cite news | author=Hugh Canning | title=Classical CD of the Week: Mahler: Symphony No 6 | url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/article848274.ece | work=The Times | date=27 July 2003 | accessdate=20 April 2008}} 6. ^{{cite news | author=Mark Kanny | title=Jansons to bid city adieu in '04 | url=http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/s_75319.html | work=Pittsburgh Tribune-Review | date=7 June 2002 | accessdate=17 March 2007 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208230651/http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/s_75319.html | archivedate=8 February 2009 | df= }} 7. ^{{cite news|author=Geoff Brown |title=Brave heart |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article1127911.ece |work=The Times |date=12 April 2003 |accessdate=22 February 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517030211/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article1127911.ece |archivedate=17 May 2011 }} 8. ^{{cite news | author=Tom Service | title=It's good to have dreams | url=http://music.guardian.co.uk/classical/tomservice/story/0,,2008504,00.html | work=The Guardian | date=9 February 2007 | accessdate=11 February 2007}} 9. ^{{cite news | author=Geoffrey Norris | title=Musician, magician | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2002/09/12/bmgn12.xml | work=The Daily Telegraph | date=12 September 2002 | accessdate=24 February 2007}} 10. ^{{cite news | author=Martin Kettle | title=Prime Timer | url=http://arts.guardian.co.uk/fridayreview/story/0,,1134050,00.html | work=The Guardian | date=30 January 2004 | accessdate=3 February 2007}} 11. ^{{cite news | author=Hilary Finch | title=Every performance is a brave new world | url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/article884683.ece | work=The Times | date=26 August 2003 |accessdate=22 February 2007}} 12. ^{{cite news | author=Geoffrey Norris | title='I've decided to cut myself in two' | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2004/05/06/bmcond06.xml | work=The Daily Telegraph | date=6 May 2004 |accessdate=19 April 2007}} 13. ^{{cite news | author=Vivien Schweitzer | title=Mariss Jansons and Bavarian Radio Symphony to Make First US Tour Together in November | url=http://www.playbillarts.com/news/article/5274.html | work=Playbill Arts | date=22 September 2006|accessdate=19 April 2007}} 14. ^{{cite news|title=Mariss Jansons bleibt Chef|url=http://www.tagesspiegel.de/kultur/Musik-Klassik;art971,2337500|work=Der Tagesspiegel|date=11 July 2007|accessdate=10 September 2007}} 15. ^"BR verlängert Vertrag mit Mariss Jansons" (press release). Bayerischer Rundfunk, 15 April 2011. 16. ^{{cite press release | url=http://www.br.de/radio/br-klassik/symphonieorchester/mariss-jansons-2018-vertragsverlaengerung100.html | title=Mariss Jansons – Vertragsverlängerung bis 2018 | publisher=Bayerischer Rundfunk | date=3 June 2013 | accessdate=16 June 2013}} 17. ^{{cite press release | url=http://www.br.de/presse/inhalt/pressemitteilungen/mariss-jansons-verlaengert-vertrag-100.html | title=Mariss Jansons bleibt bis 2021 Chefdirigent | publisher=Bayerischer Rundfunk | date=8 May 2015 | accessdate=19 May 2015}} 18. ^{{cite press release | title=MARISS JANSONS EXTENDS HIS CONTRACT WITH BAYERISCHER RUNDFUNK | url=https://www.br-so.com/orchestra/maestro-mariss-jansons/jansons-extends-contract/ | publisher=Bayerischer Rundfunk | date=18 July 2018 | accessdate=18 July 2018}} 19. ^{{cite news | author=David Lister | title=Mariss Jansons: Maestro with a mission | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/classical/features/mariss-jansons-maestro-with-a-mission-1665128.html | work=The Independent | date=8 April 2009 | accessdate=26 March 2011}} 20. ^Martin Cullingford, "Jansons confirmed as Royal Concertgebouw head". Gramophone, 17 October 2002. 21. ^Guido van Oorschot, "Mariss Jansons to Succeed Riccardo Chailly at the Concertgebouw Orchestra". andante.com (overall website now defunct), 16 October 2002. 22. ^{{cite press release|url=http://www.concertgebouworkest.nl/en/News/News-overview/2013-2014/Mariss-Jansons-bids-farewell/ |title=Mariss Jansons Bids Farewell |publisher=Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra |date=22 April 2014 |accessdate=23 April 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424044601/http://www.concertgebouworkest.nl/en/News/News-overview/2013-2014/Mariss-Jansons-bids-farewell/ |archivedate=24 April 2014 |df= }} 23. ^{{cite news | author=Imogen Tilden | title=Mariss Jansons announces Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra departure | url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/apr/22/mariss-jansons-announces-royal-concertgebouw-orchestra-departure | work=The Guardian | date=22 April 2014 | accessdate=23 April 2014}} 24. ^{{Cite news | url=http://nos.nl/artikel/2026004-koning-en-koningin-bij-afscheidsconcert-mariss-jansons.html | title=Koning en koningin bij afscheidsconcert Mariss Jansons | work=Nederlandse Omroep Stichting | date=20 March 2015 | accessdate=21 March 2015}} 25. ^{{cite news | author=Markus Thiel | title=Götterfunken im Vatikan | url=http://www.merkur-online.de/kultur_leben/kultur/art8934,853352 | work=Müncher Merkur | date=26 October 2007 | accessdate=10 November 2007}} 26. ^{{cite news | author=Richard Morrison | title=My other band's the Concertgebouw | url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14932-2110936,00.html | work=The Times | date=31 March 2006|accessdate=3 February 2007}} 27. ^{{cite news|title=Seks ble hedret med St.Hallvard-medaljen|date=15 May 1986|agency=Norwegian News Agency|language=Norwegian}} 28. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/AB/AB_10542/imfname_251156.pdf | title = Reply to a parliamentary question | language = German | page=1877 |trans-title=| format = pdf | accessdate = 27 December 2012 }} 29. ^{{cite news|work=Opernwelt|title=Die Ergebnisse der jährlichen Kritikerumfrage von Opernwelt|url=http://www.kultiversum.de/Musik-Aktuell/Kritikerumfrage-von-Opernwelt.html|date=4 October 2011|accessdate=22 October 2011|language=German}} 30. ^{{cite press release|url=http://www.evs-musikstiftung.ch/ernst-von-siemens-musikpreis/preisverleihung-2013/ |title=Preisverleihung 2013 |publisher=Ernst von Siemens Musikpreis |date=4 June 2013 |accessdate=16 June 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227015156/http://www.evs-musikstiftung.ch/ernst-von-siemens-musikpreis/preisverleihung-2013/ |archivedate=27 December 2013 |df= }} 31. ^{{cite news|work=bundespraesident.de|title=Ordensverleihung zum Tag der Deutschen Einheit|url=http://www.bundespraesident.de/SharedDocs/Berichte/DE/Joachim-Gauck/2013/10/131004-Verdienstorden-Tag-deutsche-Einheit.html|date=4 October 2013|accessdate=3 October 2013|language=German}} 32. ^{{cite news|work=concertgebouworkest.nl |title=Mariss Jansons Made A Knight of The Order of The Lion of The Netherlands |url=http://www.concertgebouworkest.nl/en/News/News-overview/2013-2014/Mariss-Jansons-made-a-Knight-of-the-Orderof-the-Lion-Of-the-Netherlands/ |date=5 November 2013 |accessdate=5 November 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105223534/http://www.concertgebouworkest.nl/en/News/News-overview/2013-2014/Mariss-Jansons-made-a-Knight-of-the-Orderof-the-Lion-Of-the-Netherlands/ |archivedate=5 November 2013 |df= }} 33. ^{{Cite web|url=https://royalphilharmonicsociety.org.uk/rps_today/news/mariss-jansons-awarded-rps-gold-medal|title=Mariss Jansons awarded with the RPS Gold Medal|date=23 November 2017|website=Royal Philharmonic Society|dead-url=|access-date=23 November 2017}} 34. ^{{cite press release |title=Goldmedaille der Royal Philharmonic Society London für Mariss Jansons |url=https://www.br.de/presse/inhalt/pressemitteilungen/mariss-jansons-royal-philharmonic-society-london-100.html |location=München |publisher=Bayerischer Rundfunk |date=23 November 2017 |language=German |access-date=23 November 2017}} 35. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.berliner-philharmoniker.de/en/titelgeschichten/20172018/jansons-75/ |title=Honorary Membership for Mariss Jansons |year=2018 |website=Berliner Philharmoniker |access-date=2 January 2019}} External links
24 : 1943 births|Living people|Grammy Award winners|Spellemannprisen winners|Latvian musicians|Latvian conductors (music)|Latvian Jews|Latvian expatriates in England|Latvian expatriates in Germany|People from Riga|Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music|20th-century conductors (music)|21st-century conductors (music)|Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra chief conductors|Members of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art|Commanders of the Royal Norwegian Order of Merit|Recipients of the Bavarian Order of Merit|Recipients of the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art|Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany|Recipients of the Medal of St. Hallvard|Recipients of the Léonie Sonning Music Prize|Articles containing video clips|Ernst von Siemens Music Prize winners|Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medallists |
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