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词条 Marjane Satrapi
释义

  1. Biography

  2. Career

     Graphic novels  Films  Appearances 

  3. Awards

  4. Works

     French  English 

  5. Filmography

  6. References

  7. Further reading

  8. External links

{{Redirect|Satrapi|the jurisdiction of an ancient Persian governor|Satrap}}{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}{{Infobox comics creator
| name= Marjane Satrapi
| image= Marjane Satrapi Cannes 2008.jpg
| imagesize=
| caption= Satrapi at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1969|11|22|df=yes}}
| birth_place = Rasht, Iran.[1]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| nationality= French [2][3] and Iranian
| area=Artist and writer
| alias=
| notable works= {{Plain list |
  • Persepolis
  • Embroideries
  • Chicken with Plums
  • The Voices

}}
| awards=full list
}}

Marjane Satrapi ({{lang-fa|مرجان ساتراپی}}) (born 22 November 1969) is an Iranian-born French[2][3][4] graphic novelist, cartoonist, illustrator, film director, and children's book author.

Biography

Satrapi was born in Rasht, Iran.[5] She grew up in Tehran in a middle-class Iranian family.[6] Both her parents were politically active and supported Marxist causes against the monarchy of the last Shah. When the Iranian Revolution took place in 1979, they were dismayed and intimidated by the Muslim fundamentalists who took power.[6]

During her youth, Marjane was exposed to the growing brutalities of the various regimes. Many of her family friends were persecuted, arrested, and even murdered. She found a hero in her paternal uncle, Anoosh, who had been a political prisoner and lived in exile in the Soviet Union for a time. Young Marjane greatly admired her uncle, and he in turn doted on her, treating her like a daughter. Tragically, as detailed in Satrapi's autobiography, Anoosh was arrested again and executed; his body was buried in an unmarked grave in the prison. Anoosh was only allowed one visitor before his execution, and he requested Marjane. The loss of her uncle left her deeply upset. As a young teen, Marjane began to act out, getting into trouble with the police for breaking modesty codes and buying music banned by the regime.

Her parents grew concerned that Marjane, a strong-willed and rambunctious teenager, would run afoul of the strict new public codes for women.[6] They arranged for her to study abroad, and in 1983 she arrived in Vienna, Austria, to attend the Lycée Français de Vienne.[7] According to her autobiographical graphic novel Persepolis, she stayed in Vienna through her high-school years, sometimes staying at friends' homes but for three months living on the streets. After an almost deadly bout of pneumonia, she returned to Iran. She studied visual communication, eventually obtaining a master's degree from Islamic Azad University in Tehran.[8]

During this time, Satrapi went to illegal parties hosted by her friends, where she met a man named Reza, a veteran of the Iran–Iraq War. She married him at the age of 21, but they divorced a couple of years later. Satrapi then moved to Strasbourg, France.

Satrapi is married to Mattias Ripa, a Swedish national. They live in Paris.[6] Apart from her native language, Persian, she speaks French, English, Swedish, German, and Italian.[9]

Career

Graphic novels

Satrapi became famous worldwide because of her critically acclaimed autobiographical graphic novels, originally published in French in four parts in 2000–2003 and in English translation in two parts in 2003 and 2004, respectively, as Persepolis and Persepolis 2, which describe her childhood in Iran and her adolescence in Europe. Persepolis won the Angoulême Coup de Coeur Award at the Angoulême International Comics Festival. In 2013, Chicago schools were ordered by the district to remove Persepolis from classrooms because of the work's graphic language and violence. This incited protests and controversy.[10] Her later publication, Embroideries (Broderies), was also nominated for the Angoulême Album of the Year award in 2003, an award that her novel Chicken with Plums (Poulet aux prunes) won.[11][12] She has also contributed to the Op-Ed section of The New York Times.[13]

Comics Alliance listed Satrapi as one of 12 women cartoonists deserving of lifetime achievement recognition.[14]

Satrapi prefers the term "comic books" to "graphic novels."[15] "People are so afraid to say the word 'comic'," she told the Guardian newspaper in 2011. "It makes you think of a grown man with pimples, a ponytail and a big belly. Change it to 'graphic novel' and that disappears. No: it's all comics."[16]

Films

Persepolis was adapted into an animated film of the same name. It debuted at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival in May 2007 and shared a Special Jury Prize with Carlos Reygadas's Silent Light (Luz silenciosa).[17] Co-written and co-directed by Satrapi and director Vincent Paronnaud, the French-language picture stars the voices of Chiara Mastroianni, Catherine Deneuve, Danielle Darrieux, and Simon Abkarian. The English version, starring the voices of Gena Rowlands, Sean Penn, and Iggy Pop, was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature in January 2008.[18] Satrapi was the first woman to be nominated for the award. However, the Iranian government denounced the film and got it dropped from the Bangkok International Film Festival.[19] Otherwise, Persepolis was a very successful film both commercially (with over a million admissions in France alone) as well as critically, winning Best First Film at the César Awards 2008. The film reflects many tendencies of first-time filmmaking in France (which makes up around 40% of all French cinema each year), notably in its focus on very intimate rites of passage, and quite ambivalently recounted coming-of-age moments.[20]

Satrapi and Paronnaud continued their successful collaboration with a second film, a live-action adaptation of Chicken with Plums, released in late 2011.[21][22] In 2012, Satrapi directed and acted in the comedy crime film Gang of the Jotas, from her own screenplay.[23][24]

In 2014 Satrapi directed the comedy-horror film The Voices, from a screenplay by Michael R. Perry.[25]

In 2019, Satrapi is directing a biopic of two-time Nobel Prize winner Marie Curie titled, Radioactive.[26]

Appearances

Following the Iranian elections in June 2009, Satrapi and Iranian filmmaker Mohsen Makhmalbaf appeared before Green Party members in the European Parliament to present a document allegedly received from a member of the Iranian electoral commission claiming that the reform candidate, Mir Hossein Mousavi, had actually won the election, and that the conservative incumbent Mahmoud Ahmedinejad had received only 12% of the vote.[27]

Awards

  • 2001: Angoulême Coup de Coeur Award for Persepolis[28]
  • 2002: Angoulême Prize for Scenario for Persepolis: Tome 2[29]
  • 2005: Angoulême Best Comic Book Award for Poulet aux prunes[12]
  • 2007: Jury Prize for Persepolis (tied with Silent Light), Cannes Film Festival[17]
  • 2007: Best Animation: Los Angeles Film Critics Association[18]
  • 2008: Cinema for Peace Award for "Most Valuable Movie of the Year"[30]
  • 2008: Gat Perich Award
  • 2009: Doctor honoris causa both at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and the Université catholique de Louvain from Belgium[31]
  • 2013: Noor Iranian Film Festival award for Best Animation Director, for Chicken with Plums

Works

French

  • {{Cite comic|title= Persepolis |volume= 1 |url= |format= |date= 2000 |publisher= L'Association |location= Paris |id= {{ISBN|2-84414-058-0}} }}
  • {{Cite comic|title= Persepolis |volume= 2 |url= |format= |date= 2001 |publisher= L'Association |id= {{ISBN|2-84414-079-3}} }}
  • {{Cite comic|title= Persepolis |volume= 3 |url= |format= |date= 2002 |publisher= L'Association |id= {{ISBN|2-84414-104-8}} }}
  • {{Cite comic|title= Persepolis |volume= 4 |url= |format= |date= 2003 |publisher= L'Association |id= {{ISBN|2-84414-137-4}} }}
  • Sagesses et malices de la Perse (2001, with Lila Ibrahim-Ouali and Bahman Namwar-Motalg, Albin Michel, {{ISBN|2-226-11872-1}})
  • Les monstres n'aiment pas la lune (2001, Nathan Jeunesse, {{ISBN|2-09-282094-X}})
  • Ulysse au pays des fous (2001, with Jean-Pierre Duffour, Nathan Jeunesse, {{ISBN|2-09-210847-6}})
  • Ajdar (2002, Nathan Jeunesse, {{ISBN|2-09-211033-0}})
  • Broderies (2003, L'Association, {{ISBN|2-84414-095-5}})
  • {{Cite comic|title= Poulet aux prunes |url= |format= |date= 2004 |publisher= L'Association |location= Paris |id= {{ISBN|2-84414-159-5}} }}
  • Le Soupir (2004, Bréal Jeunesse, {{ISBN|2-7495-0325-6}})

English

  • {{Cite book|volume=1 |title= Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood |url= |format= |date= 2003 |publisher= Pantheon Books |location= New York |id= {{ISBN|978-0-375-42230-0}} }}
  • {{Cite book|volume=2 |title= Persepolis: The Story of a Return |url= |format= |date= 2004 |publisher= Pantheon Books |location= New York |id= {{ISBN|978-0-375-42288-1}} }}
  • {{Cite book|title= The Complete Persepolis |url= |format= |date= 2007 |publisher= Pantheon Books |location= New York |id= {{ISBN|978-0-375-71483-2}} }}
  • Embroideries (2005, Pantheon {{ISBN|978-0-375-42305-5}})
  • {{Cite comic|title= Chicken with Plums |url= |format= |date= 2006 |publisher= Pantheon Books |location= New York |id= {{ISBN|978-0-375-42415-1}} }}
  • Monsters Are Afraid of the Moon (2006, Bloomsbury, {{ISBN|1-58234-744-1}})
  • The Sigh (2011, Archaia)

Filmography

  • Persepolis (2007) (Co-Written and Co-Directed with Vincent Paronnaud)
  • Chicken with Plums (2011) (Co-Written and Co-Directed with Vincent Paronnaud)
  • Gang of the Jotas (2012) (Director, Writer, Actor)
  • The Voices (2014) (Director)
  • Radioactive (2019) (Director)

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2008/mar/29/biography|title=Simon Hattenstone interviews Marjane Satrapi, whose best-selling comic book Persepolis is now an award-winning film!|first=Simon|last=Hattenstone|date=29 March 2008|accessdate=8 December 2018|website=Theguardian.com}}
2. ^1 "J'ai été très bien accueillie et je n'oublierai jamais que j'ai été naturalisée grâce à Jack Lang." (Abusdecine perse les secrets de « Persepolis »).
3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.lesechos.fr/info/loisirs/4575729.htm?xtor=RSS-2000|title=Vingt-deux films pour une palme d'Or|website=Lesechos.fr|accessdate=8 December 2018}}
4. ^{{Cite news|title = Marjane Satrapi|url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/01/18/AR2008011800888.html|newspaper = The Washington Post|date =20 January 2008|access-date =10 February 2016|issn = 0190-8286|language = en-US}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2008/mar/29/biography|title=Simon Hattenstone interviews Marjane Satrapi, whose best-selling comic book Persepolis is now an award-winning film!|first=Simon|last=Hattenstone|date=29 March 2008|accessdate=8 December 2018|website=Theguardian.com}}
6. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal |last1=Hattenstone |first1=Simon |date=29 March 2008 |title=Confessions of Miss Mischief |journal=The Guardian |url=http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/biography/story/0,,2268725,00.html |accessdate=7 November 2012 }}
7. ^Bédarida, Catherine. "Marjane Satrapi dessine la vie de l'Iran." Le Monde. 25 June 2003. Retrieved on 21 September 2009.
8. ^{{Cite book|author=Heather Lee Schroeder|title=A Reader's Guide to Marjane Satrapi's Persepolis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eNxkRT5sWBsC&pg=PA136|accessdate=6 September 2011|year=2010|publisher=Enslow Publishers, Inc.|isbn=978-0-7660-3166-1|page=136}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ulib.csuohio.edu/cr08/author.html |title=Author Bio: Marjane Satrapi |year=2011 |publisher=Michael Schwartz Library: Cleveland State University |accessdate=6 September 2011}}
10. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/mar/19/persepolis-battle-chicago-schools-outcry|title=Persepolis battle in Chicago schools provokes outcry|last=Flood|first=Alison|date=2013-03-19|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-03-13|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}
11. ^{{cite web | last = | title = Les nominés d'Angoulême 2003 |language=French| date = 10 December 2003 |publisher=ActuaBD | url =http://www.actuabd.com/spip.php?article1006 }}
12. ^1 {{cite web | last =BDParadisio | title =32ème Festival International D'Angouleme |language=French | url =http://www.bdparadisio.com/angou2005/angou2005.htm}}
13. ^{{Cite journal |last1=Satrapi |first1=Marjane |date= |title=Op-Ed contributors search |journal=The New York Times |publisher= |volume= |issue= |page= |url=http://topics.nytimes.com/top/opinion/editorialsandoped/oped/contributors/?match=any&query=Satrapi&submit.x=17&submit.y=8&submit=Search |accessdate=6 September 2011 }}
14. ^{{Cite web|title=12 Women in Comics Who Deserve Lifetime Achievement Recognition |url=http://comicsalliance.com/women-lifetime-achievement-awards/ |website=Comics Alliance |access-date=10 February 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801110216/http://comicsalliance.com/women-lifetime-achievement-awards/ |archivedate=1 August 2016 |df=dmy-all }}
15. ^{{Cite news|title = Marjane Satrapi: the Persepolis director escapes her comfort zone|url = https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/mar/20/marjane-satrapi-the-voices|newspaper = The Guardian|date =20 March 2015|access-date =10 February 2016|issn = 0261-3077|language = en-GB|first = Ryan|last = Gilbey}}
16. ^{{Cite news|title = How to film a graphic novel|url = https://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/jun/16/how-to-film-a-graphic-novel|newspaper = The Guardian|date =16 June 2011|access-date =10 February 2016|issn = 0261-3077|language = en-GB|first = Marjane|last = Satrapi}}
17. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/4434938/year/2007.html |title=Festival de Cannes: Persepolis |accessdate=20 December 2009|work=festival-cannes.com}}
18. ^1 {{Cite journal |last1= |first1= |year=2008 |title=Persepolis (2007) NYT Critics' Pick |journal=The New York Times |publisher= |volume= |issue= |page= |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/351485/Persepolis/details |accessdate=6 September 2011 }}
19. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=16126274|title=Highly Acclaimed 'Persepolis' Denounced by Iran|website=NPR.org|language=en|access-date=2019-03-13}}
20. ^Palmer, Tim (2011). Brutal Intimacy: Analyzing Contemporary French Cinema, Wesleyan University Press, Middleton CT. {{ISBN|0-8195-6827-9}}.
21. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.allocine.fr/film/fichefilm_gen_cfilm=136634.html|title=Poulet aux prunes|language=French|work=AlloCiné|publisher=Tiger Global|accessdate=6 September 2011}}
22. ^{{Cite news |url= http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/chicken-plums-venice-film-review-231022 |title=Chicken with Plums: Venice Film Review |last = Young | first = Deborah |work=Hollywood Reporter |accessdate=6 September 2011 |date=3 September 2011}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/qa-the-voices-director-marjane-satrapi-on-talking-animals-and-a-sympathetic-psychopath/|title=Q&A: “THE VOICES” Director Marjane Satrapi on Talking Animals and a Sympathetic Psychopath|website=Fangoria.com|accessdate=8 December 2018}}
24. ^{{Citation|title = The Gang of the Jotas|url = https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2459758/|date =6 February 2013|accessdate =10 February 2016|first = Marjane|last = Satrapi}}
25. ^{{Cite web|title = New Stills Hear The Voices - Dread Central|url = http://www.dreadcentral.com/news/85301/new-stills-hear-voices/|website = Dread Central|access-date =10 February 2016|language = en-US}}
26. ^{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/global/amazon-marjane-astrapi-radioactive-marie-curie-biopic-1202704419/|title=Amazon Boards Marjane Satrapi’s Marie Curie Biopic ‘Radioactive’ (EXCLUSIVE)|last=Keslassy|first=Elsa|last2=Keslassy|first2=Elsa|date=2018-02-19|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=2019-03-13}}
27. ^{{Cite journal |last1=Kellogg |first1=Carolyn |date=16 June 2009 |title=Iranian author Marjane Satrapi speaks out about election |journal=The Los Angeles Times |publisher=Tribune Company |volume= |issue= |page= |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/jacketcopy/2009/06/iranian-author-marjane-satrapi-speaks-out-about-election.html |accessdate=6 September 2011 }}
28. ^{{cite web |last = Comic Book Awards Almanac |title = Awards of the 2001 Angoulême International Comics Festival |url = http://users.rcn.com/aardy/comics/awards/prixa01.shtml |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060505104232/http://users.rcn.com/aardy/comics/awards/prixa01.shtml |archivedate = 5 May 2006 |df = dmy-all}}
29. ^{{cite web|last= |title=Angoulême 2002: les lauréats |language=French|date=25 January 2002 |publisher=ActuaBD |url=http://www.actuabd.com/spip.php?article143}}
30. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.cinemaforpeace-foundation.com/watch-cfp-movies/film-selection-iran|title=Film Selection: Iran — Cinema for Peace Foundation|website=www.cinemaforpeace-foundation.com|language=en|access-date=2017-10-20}}
31. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.demorgen.be/dm/nl/1344/Onderwijs/article/detail/469228/2008/10/29/KUL-en-UCL-reiken-samen-eredoctoraten-uit.dhtml |title=KUL en UCL reiken samen eredoctoraten uit |language=Dutch |trans-title=KUL and UCL award honorary doctorates together |year=2008 |publisher=De Morgan |accessdate=6 September 2011 }}

Further reading

  • {{Cite book |title=Graphic Women: Life Narrative and Contemporary Comics |last=Chute |first=Hillary L. |year=2010 |publisher=Columbia University Press |location=New York |isbn=978-0-231-15062-0 |url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/graphic-women-life-narrative-and-contemporary-comics/oclc/496610090/viewport |accessdate=6 September 2011}}
  • {{cite journal |last=Tensuan |first=Theresa M.|date=Winter 2006 |title='Comic Visions and Revisions in the work of Lynda Barry and Marjane Satrapi' |journal= Modern Fiction Studies|volume=52 |issue=4 |pages=947–964 |doi=10.1353/mfs.2007.0010}}
  • Bhoori, Aisha (2014). "Reframing the Axis of Evil". Harvard Political Review

External links

{{Commons|Marjane Satrapi}}{{Portal|Biography|Iran|France|Comics|Literature}}
  • Persepolis film (2008) official website, Sony Picture Classics
  • Marjane Satrapi, author at Random House
  • Marjane Satrapi biography on Lambiek Comiclopedia
  • [https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/marjane-satrapi-princess-of-darkness-417932.html "Princess of Darkness"], interview by Robert Chalmers, The Independent (1 October 2006)
  • Marjane Satrapi interview at Bookslut (2004)
  • Marjane Satrapi interview at Powells.com (2006)
  • Marjane Satrapi interview at Reviewgraveyard.com
  • "Bringing Iran To The West: Marjane Satrapi's Persepolis" at The Culturatti
  • The Comic World of Marjane Satrapi: Yearnings for a Lost Homeland
{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Satrapi, Marjane}}

25 : 1969 births|French people of Iranian descent|French-language writers|French socialists|French comics artists|French comics writers|French women film directors|French democracy activists|French women writers|French graphic novelists|Iranian socialists|Iranian comics artists|Iranian comics writers|Iranian democracy activists|Iranian dissidents|Iranian writers|Iranian women writers|Iranian expatriates in Austria|Iranian emigrants to France|Living people|People from Rasht|Female comics artists|Female comics writers|Iranian women film directors|Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch alumni
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