| 词条 | Mark E. Petersen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Mark E. Petersen | PD_image = Mark E. Petersen.JPG | birth_name = Mark Edward Petersen | birth_date = {{birth date|1900|11|07}} | birth_place = Salt Lake City, Utah, United States | death_date = {{death date and age|1984|01|11|1900|11|07}} | death_place = Murray, Utah, United States | resting_place = Salt Lake City Cemetery | resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|40|46|37.92|N|111|51|28.8|W|type:landmark|display=inline}} | position_or_quorum1 = Quorum of the Twelve Apostles | president1 = Heber J. Grant | start_date1 = {{start date|1944|04|20}} | end_date1 = {{end date|1984|01|11}} | position_or_quorum2 = LDS Church Apostle | president2 = Heber J. Grant | start_date2 = {{start date|1944|04|20}} | ordination_reason2 = Excommunication of Richard R. Lyman | end_date2 = {{end date|1984|01|11}} | reorganization2 = Russell M. Nelson and Dallin H. Oaks were ordained after the deaths of Petersen and LeGrand Richards | spouse = Emma Marr McDonald | children = 2 daughters[1] }} Mark Edward Petersen (November 7, 1900 – January 11, 1984) was an American news editor and religious leader who served as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1944 until his death. Born in Salt Lake City, Utah, he filled the vacancy in the Quorum caused by the excommunication of Richard R. Lyman. Petersen had become managing editor of the church-owned Deseret News in 1935 and editor in 1941. Early lifeAs a young boy, Petersen was a newspaper carrier, and he also helped in his father’s construction business. Later, he attended the University of Utah and served a mission for the LDS Church in Nova Scotia. In pursuing a career, he became a reporter for the Deseret News and continued working for the paper for sixty years, advancing to the position of president and chairman of the board. Petersen wrote numerous editorials and published more than forty books and many pamphlets used in the church's missionary effort. ApostleIn April 1944, while serving as general manager of the Deseret News, Petersen was called to be a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. In his calling as an apostle, he directed the church’s public information programs and served on the Military Relations Committee. He was an adviser to the church's Relief Society, Indian Affairs Committee, and Music Committee. He served as president of the West European Mission[2] for more than six years. Petersen was also involved in many community affairs. He was closely associated with the Boy Scouts of America and was a recipient of the Silver Antelope Award. In 1959, in response to a rash of arrests of gay men in Utah and Idaho, church president David O. McKay assigned apostles Spencer W. Kimball and Petersen to work on curing gays within the church.[3][4] Controversial teachingsAt Brigham Young University on 27 August 1954, at the Convention of Teachers of Religion on the College Level, Petersen delivered the speech, "Race Problems—As They Affect the Church".[5][6] The speech outlined the religious underpinnings of racial segregation and supported its continued practice as it related to intermarriage between blacks and whites. Particularly, he reaffirmed the LDS Church's stance at that time that those with dark skin had been less valiant in their lives before coming to earth.[7][8] He also reiterated the idea that blacks were to be servants to righteous white people after the resurrection, as was the case with Jane Manning James who was sealed to Joseph Smith to be his servant in the next life.[9] Petersen said: In spite of all he did in the pre-existent life, the Lord is willing, if the Negro accepts the gospel with real, sincere faith, and is really converted, to give him the blessings of baptism and the gift of the Holy Ghost. If that Negro is faithful all his days, he can and will enter the celestial kingdom. He will go there as a servant, but he will get a celestial resurrection. He will get a place in the celestial glory. In the 1940s, Petersen coined the term "Mormon fundamentalist" to describe people who had left the LDS Church to practice plural marriage.[10] DeathPetersen died from longstanding complications of cancer after entering Cottonwood Hospital in Murray, Utah, and undergoing surgery.[2] He was buried at Salt Lake City Cemetery. Publications
| author =—— | title = For Time or Eternity | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1954 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = A Faith to Live By | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1959 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = Toward a Better Life | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1960 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = Patterns for Living | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1962 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = One Lord ... One Faith! | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1962 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = Faith Works! | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1963 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = Guide to a Happy Marriage | publisher = Prentice-Hall | year = 1964 | location = Englewood Cliffs, N.J. }}
| author =—— | title = Our Moral Challenge | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1965 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = Why the Religious Life | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1966 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = As Translated Correctly | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1966 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = The Way to Peace | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1969 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = Drugs, Drinks & Morals | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1969 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | lccn = 79-109605|oclc=123940 }}
| author =—— | title = Live it Up! | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1971 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-450-8 }}
| author =—— | title = Marriage and Common Sense | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1972 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | last2=Petersen |first2=Emma Marr | title = Virtue Makes Sense! | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1973 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-500-8 }}
| author =—— | title = The Way of the Master | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1974 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-88494-271-6 }}
| author =—— | title = The Great Prologue | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1975 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-557-1 }}
| author =—— | title = Adam, Who is He? | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1976 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-592-X }}
| author =—— | title = The Salt and the Savor | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1976 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-88494-306-2 }}
| author =—— | title = Moses: Man of Miracles | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1977 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-651-9 }}
| author =—— | title = Marriage: Covenants and Conflicts | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1977 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = Joshua, Man of Faith | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1978 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-720-5 }}
| author =—— | title = The Unknown God | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1978 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-88494-337-2 }}
| author =—— | title = Those Gold Plates! | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1979 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-88494-364-X }}
| author =—— | title = Abraham, Friend of God | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1979 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-780-9 }}
| author =—— | title = The Forerunners | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1979 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-88494-376-3 }}
| author =—— | title = Three Kings of Israel | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1980 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-829-5 }}
| author =—— | title = Isaiah for Today | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1981 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-882-1 }}
| author =—— | title = Children of Promise: The Lamanites: Yesterday & Today | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1981 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-88494-431-X }}
| author =—— | title = Family Power! | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1981 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah }}
| author =—— | title = Joseph of Egypt | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1981 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-861-9 }}
| author =—— | title = Noah and the Flood | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1982 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-935-6 }}
| author =—— | title = This Is Life Eternal | publisher = Bookcraft | year = 1982 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-88494-474-3 }}
| author =—— | title = Malachi and the Great and Dreadful Day | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1983 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-962-3 }}
| author =—— | title = Alma and Abinadi | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1983 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-959-3 }}
| author =—— | title = The Jaredites | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1984 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-998-4 }}
| author =—— | title = The Teachings of Paul | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1984 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-843-0 }}
| author =—— | title = The Sons of Mosiah | publisher = Deseret Book | year = 1984 | location = Salt Lake City, Utah | isbn = 0-87747-297-1 }} General conference talksAs a member of the Quorum of the Twelve, Petersen spoke at each of the church's general conferences. Those addresses from 1971 until his death are shown below.
Notes1. ^{{cite news|last1=Monson|first1=Thomas S.|title=In Memoriam:By His Words—Elder Mark E. Petersen - new-era|url=https://www.lds.org/new-era/1984/03/in-memoriam-by-his-words-elder-mark-e-petersen?lang=eng|accessdate=16 May 2018|work=New Era|date=March 1984}} 2. ^1 {{cite news | date=3 January 2009 | work=Church News | publisher=Deseret News | location=Salt Lake City, Utah | url=http://www.ldschurchnewsarchive.com/articles/56392/This-week-in-Church-history.html |title=This week in Church History | accessdate=7 May 2018}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=O'Donovan|first1=Rocky|title=Multiply and Replenish: Mormon Essays on Sex and Family|date=1994|publisher=Signature Books|location=Salt Lake City|isbn=1-56085-050-7|page=147|url=http://signaturebookslibrary.org/the-abominable-and-detestable-crime-against-nature/|accessdate=27 November 2016}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Kimball|first1=Edward L.|last2=Kimball|first2=Andrew E.|title=Spencer W. Kimball: Twelfth President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|date=1977|publisher=Bookcraft|location=Salt Lake City|page=381|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qKDtAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=homosexual+problems}} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Petersen|first1=Elder Mark E.|title=Race Problems— As They Affect The Church|url=https://archive.org/stream/RaceProblemsAsTheyAffectTheChurchMarkEPetersen/Race%20Problems%20As%20They%20Affect%20the%20Church%20-%20Mark%20E%20Petersen#page/n0/mode/2up|website=archive.org|accessdate=7 May 2018|date=27 August 1954}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Tanner|first1=Jerald and Sandra|authorlink1=Jerald and Sandra Tanner|title=Curse of Cain?: Racism in the Mormon Church|date=2004|publisher=Utah Lighthouse Ministry|url=http://www.utlm.org/onlinebooks/curseofcain_contents.htm|chapter=Appendix B: Race Problems—As They Affect The Church|chapterurl=http://www.utlm.org/onlinebooks/curseofcain_appendix_b.htm}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=McNamara|first1=Mary Lou|title=Contemporary Mormonism: Social Science Perspectives|date=24 January 2001|publisher=University of Illinois Press|location=Champaign, IL|isbn=0252069595|page=318|edition=Reprint|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LpRZCpHdj88C&lpg=PA318&ots=k_EJrgWvyB&dq=.&pg=PA318#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=7 May 2018}} 8. ^{{cite book|editor1-last=Bush|editor1-first=Lester E., Jr.|editor2-last=Mauss|editor2-first=Armand L.|editor1-link=Lester E. Bush, Jr.|editor2-link=Armand L. Mauss|title=Neither White nor Black: Mormon Scholars Confront the Race Issue in a Universal Church|date=1984|publisher=Signature Books|location=Midvale, Utah|isbn=0-941214-22-2|url=http://signaturebookslibrary.org/neither-white-nor-black/|chapter=Appendix: Authoritative Statements on the Status of Blacks|chapterurl=http://signaturebookslibrary.org/neither-white-nor-black-appendix/}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Embry|first1=Jessie L.|authorlink1=Jessie L. Embry|title=Black Saints in a White Church: Contemporary African American Mormons|date=1994|publisher=Signature Books|isbn=1560850442|pages=40–41|chapter=Chapter 3: Impact of the LDS "Negro Policy"|chapterurl=http://signaturebookslibrary.org/impact-of-the-lds-negro-policy/|quote=Sourced from the George A. Smith family papers, 1731-1969' (box 78, folder 7) on the 'Quorum of the Twelve Apostles— Excerpts from the weekly council meetings dealing with the rights of African Americans in the church (1849-1940')}} 10. ^{{cite journal|last1=Driggs|first1=Ken|authorlink1=Ken Driggs|title='This Will Someday Be the Head and Not the Tail of the Church': A History of the Mormon Fundamentalists at Short Creek|journal=Journal of Church and State|date=2001|volume=43|issue=1|pages=49–80|jstor=23920013}} Further reading{{Wikipedia books|1=Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church) }}
External links
| title= Quorum of the Twelve Apostles | years= April 20, 1944 – January 11, 1984 | before=Ezra Taft Benson | after= Matthew Cowley |}}{{s-end}}{{LDSApostles}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Petersen, Mark E.}} 18 : 1900 births|1984 deaths|American general authorities (LDS Church)|American Latter Day Saint writers|Deaths from cancer in Utah|Editors of Latter Day Saint publications|Mission presidents (LDS Church)|American Mormon missionaries in Canada|Mormon missionaries in Europe|Writers from Salt Lake City|University of Utah alumni|20th-century Mormon missionaries|Deseret News people|Apostles (LDS Church)|Burials at Salt Lake City Cemetery|20th-century American non-fiction writers|Latter Day Saints from Utah|American white supremacists |
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