词条 | Marlborough Churchill |
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| honorific_prefix = | name = Marlborough Churchill | honorific_suffix = | image = Image:Marlborough Churchill.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Marlborough Churchill circa 1912 | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name = | other_name = | nickname = | birth_date = {{birth date|1878|08|11}} | birth_place = Andover, Massachusetts | death_date = {{Death date and age|1947|07|09|1878|08|11}} | death_place = | placeofburial_label = | placeofburial = | placeofburial_coordinates = | allegiance = | branch = United States Army | serviceyears = | serviceyears_label = | rank = Brigadier general | rank_label = | servicenumber = | unit = | commands = | battles_label = | battles = | awards = | memorials = | spouse = | relations = | laterwork = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | website = | module = }} Marlborough Churchill (August 11, 1878 – July 9, 1947) was a U.S. Army officer and a distant relative of Winston Churchill. Together with Herbert Yardley, he was instrumental in establishing the joint United States Department of State and United States Department of War's cryptanalytic group, called the Black Chamber. Early life and educationHe was born on August 11, 1878 in Andover, Massachusetts. Churchill graduated from Phillips Academy in 1896 than attended Harvard University and graduated in 1900.[1] Military careerHe was commissioned in the Field Artillery Branch.[1] He was promoted to captain on April 13, 1911.[1] He was promoted to major on May 15, 1917. On June 12, 1918, he was promoted to colonel in the National Army. On August 8, 1918, he was promoted to brigadier general.[1] In 1917, Churchill served on the general staff of the American Expeditionary Force in France. On 5 June 1918, Brigadier General Churchill succeeded Ralph Van Deman as head of the Military Intelligence Branch of the War Department, where he remained until 19 August 1920.[1] AwardsHe received the Army Distinguished Service Medal.[2] His other decorations included Order of the Bath, officer of the Legion of Honour, commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy, and commander of the Order of Leopold.[3] Personal lifeHe married Mary Smith on October 7, 1904.[4] Death and legacyHe died on July 9, 1947 in Manhattan, New York City.[5] He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery Section 11, GraveSite: SH-385[7] Churchill is a member of the Military Intelligence Hall of Fame. References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|last=Davis, Jr.|first=Henry Blaine|title=Generals in Khaki|publisher=Pentland Press, Inc.|year= 1998|ISBN= 1571970886|oclc=40298151|pages=74–75}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Churchill, Marlborough}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://valor.militarytimes.com/recipient.php?recipientid=17363|title=Valor awards for Marlborough Churchill|publisher=}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Davis, Jr.|first=Henry Blaine|title=Generals in Khaki|publisher=Pentland Press, Inc.|year= 1998|ISBN= 1571970886|oclc=40298151|page=75}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Davis, Jr.|first=Henry Blaine|title=Generals in Khaki|publisher=Pentland Press, Inc.|year= 1998|ISBN= 1571970886|oclc=40298151|pages=74–75}} 5. ^{{cite news |author= |agency= |title=Gen. M. Churchill Dies In Home At 68. Military Intelligence Director in 1918. Joined Army After Obtaining Harvard Degree |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9806E6DE1E3EE13BBC4852DFB166838C659EDE |quote=Brig. Gen. Marlborough Churchill, USA, retired, who won distinction in a military career he adopted immediately after his graduation from Harvard in 1900, died yesterday at his home, 40 East Eighty-third Street, at the age of 68. |newspaper=New York Times |date=July 10, 1947|accessdate=2015-04-13 }} 6. ^{{cite news |author= |agency= |title=Marlborough Churchill |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9A00EEDE123DE33BBC4852DFB467838D629EDE |quote=Marlborough Churchill of Millburn, N. J., died here yesterday at the home of his niece, Mrs. Edward A. Marks, where he was visiting. |newspaper=New York Times |date=December 10, 1936 |accessdate=2015-04-13 }} 7. ^https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/49166842/marlborough-churchill 6 : 1878 births|1942 deaths|Spencer-Churchill family|United States Army generals|Harvard University alumni|Phillips Academy alumni |
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