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词条 Rumaila Operating Organization
释义

  1. Overview

  2. References

{{Infobox company
| name = Rumaila Operating Organization (ROO)
| logo =
| type = Private
| founder = BP,
CNPC,
South Oil Company
| key_people =
| industry = Petroleum
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| homepage =http://www.rumaila.iq
| foundation = 2010
| location = Rumaila oil field
}}

Rumaila Operating Organization (ROO) is an international petroleum company based in Iraq. ROO is part of the Iraq Basra Oil Company and of a consortium with BP and PetroChina, which manages Rumaila in southern Iraq, one of the largest oilfields in the world.

Overview

Rumaila Operating Organization was founded by BP, CNPC and Basra Oil Company (BOC) (formerly South Oil Company (SOC)) in order to manage the 20-year rehabilitation and expansion of Rumaila oil field in southern Iraq,[1] which was discovered in 1953 and has been in operation since 1954, with extensive exploration and production since the late 1960s / 1970s.[2][3][4][5]

Rumaila oil field is part of the so-called class of super-giant oilfields, with more than one billion barrels of recoverable oil. Current estimations of Rumailas total reserves lie around 17 billion barrels. Production from the field is around one third of the countries total oil output.[6]

The field is located in Southern Iraq, around 20 miles (32 km) from Kuwaits border and played an important role in the 1990 Gulf War, the 2003 Iraq invasion and following the Iraq war.[4][7][8][9][10][11][12]

A new round for bidding of southern oil-fields in Iraq was first announced in 2008, following several years of turmoil due to the war and resulting in political and military unrest.

A Technical Service Contract was signed between BOC, BP, PetroChina and the State Oil Marketing Organization (SOMO) in 2009, detailing the establishment of ROO, the introduction of new technologies and infrastructure, training and equipment of staff, and an extensive drilling and expansion program at the Rumaila oilfield. Basra Oil, BP and PetroChina are the lead contractors. The agreement was extended in 2014 so that it now runs until 2034.[13][14][15][16][17]

Rumaila Operating Organization planned to hire mainly local employees to oversee the operations, with a smaller number of technical experts and managers from BP and CNPC.[18] The operations of the company were scheduled to begin in July 2010.[19] Plans by the consortium detailed the spending of more than $15 billion, between 2010 and 2020, to develop the field.[20][21]

Initial production targets were set to raise the average daily production from 1.06 to 1.2 million barrels per day (bpd) and were reached by BP and the consortium in December 2010. By 2014, the production consistently ran over 1.3 million bpd and by January 2017 it had reached over 1.4 million bpd. Production since 2010 has increased by over 30%, putting it at a 27-year-high and for the first time in the oilfields history has been above 1.2 million bpd for five consecutive years. Current plans are to raise production to around 2 million bpd by 2020.[5][12][22]

Since construction began in 2010, 250 new wells have been drilled, increasing the total amount by 50% and 14 degassing stations were renovated, environmentally accessed and land cleaned up. The connecting infrastructure, new roads, maintenance buildings, staff and office buildings were erected around the same time period and currently a new power station is in construction as well. Today the field has around 550 producing wells and 150 injection wells.[16][23][24]

BP (38% ownership, headquartered in UK) and CNPC (37%, China) had earlier signed a contract with SOC (25%, Iraq) in 2009 to develop and increase production at Rumaila field, Iraq's largest.[25]

Under ROO, the field has produced around 3 billion barrels of oil in total, generating a revenue of around $200 billion.[5][12]

Around 6,500 to 7,000 Iraqis employees work at Rumaila, assisted by over 100 experts from BP, PetroChina and other international companies. Another 22,000-25,000 locals are involved in operations at Rumaila through contractors, operating throughout the entire value and supply chain.[16][20][26]

ROO also finances and runs The Rumaila Social Welfare Fund (SWF) and the Rumaila Education Fund (REF), providing different forms of support, training, education, health and infrastructural aids to communities surrounding the Rumaila oilfield.[27][28]

References

1. ^{{cite press release|title=BP and CNPC to Develop Iraq's Super-Giant Rumaila Field |publisher=BP |date=2009-11-03 |url=http://www.bp.com/genericarticle.do?categoryId=2012968&contentId=7057650 |accessdate=2016-04-24 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130419132000/http://www.bp.com/genericarticle.do?categoryId=2012968&contentId=7057650 |archivedate=April 19, 2013 }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8db08786-672b-11de-925f-00144feabdc0|title=BP takes risk in Iraq while others balk|date=July 2, 2009|work=Financial Times|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/12/13/archives/iraq-national-oil-company-nears-desert-production-desert-oil-wells.html|title=Iraq National Oil Company Nears Desert Production|date=December 13, 1971|work=The New York Times|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
4. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/09/03/world/confrontation-in-the-gulf-the-oilfield-lying-below-the-iraq-kuwait-dispute.html|title=Confrontation in the Gulf; The Oilfield Lying Below the Iraq-Kuwait Dispute|date=1990|work=The New York Times|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
5. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.rumaila.iq/english/history.php|title=A long history of producing oil|date=|work=Rumaila Operating Organization|accessdate=August 24, 2018}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/d19244cc-5c08-11e3-b4f3-00144feabdc0|title=Oil majors close to agreeing cuts in Iraqi production targets|date=December 3, 2013|work=Financial Times|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/24/opinion/no-booty-for-iraq-none.html|title=No Booty for Iraq. None|date=1990|work=The New York Times|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/03/22/marines-lay-their-hands-on-a-jewel/1ff50dcc-13af-4c61-802f-67fffed7e6f0/|title=Marine lay their hands on a "Jewel"|date=April 6, 2003|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/04/06/marine-corps-removes-a-field-commander-in-iraq/88100ce6-bc5e-4382-a0ff-cff2456a6c6c/|title=Marine Corps Removes a Field Commander in Iraq|date=April 6, 2003|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/04/13/confused-start-decisive-end/1279ed89-dd75-433b-adf2-165ea91ab34c/|title=Confused Start, Decisive End|date=April 13, 2003|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rumaila.iq/english/field-overview.php|title=A rare super-giant field|date=|work=Rumaila Operating Organization|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
12. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.rumaila.iq/english/oil-for-iraq.php|title=Rumaila: Iraq's greatest source of revenue|date=|work=Rumaila Operating Organization|accessdate=August 24, 2018}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/01/business/global/01iraqoil.html|title=Few Bidders to Develop Iraqi Oil and Gas Fields|date=June 30, 2009|work=The New York Times|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/03/business/worldbusiness/03iht-iraqoil.4.19902767.html|title=Iraq reopens its oil reserves to foreign companies, but few rush in|date=February 3, 2009|work=The New York Times|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/16/AR2008041603115.html|title=Iraq to Open Oil-Field Bidding|date=April 17, 2008|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
16. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.rumaila.iq/english/what-we-do.php|title=Modernizing one of the world's great oilfields|date=|work=Rumaila Operating Organization|accessdate=August 24, 2018}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rumaila.iq/english/our-partners.php|title=Rumaila: A new partnership|date=|work=Rumaila Operating Organization|accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
18. ^{{cite press release|url=http://www.cnpc.com.cn/en/press/Features/CNPC_and_BP_to_rejuvenate_Iraqs_Rumaila_Oilfield.htm |title=CNPC and BP to Rejuvenate Iraq's Rumaila Oilfield |publisher=CNPC |date=2009-11-03 |accessdate=2016-04-24 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722210023/http://www.cnpc.com.cn/en/press/Features/CNPC_and_BP_to_rejuvenate_Iraqs_Rumaila_Oilfield.htm |archivedate=July 22, 2012 }}
19. ^{{cite news | title = BP President of Iraq on the Progress of the Rumaila Oil Field Development | publisher = Iraq Directory | date = 2010-06-21 | url = http://www.iraqdirectory.com/DisplayNews.aspx?id=13040 | accessdate = 2016-04-24}}
20. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303467004575574142765620652|title=Iraq's Oil Patch Opens the Spigot|date=November 11, 2010|work=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=August 24, 2018}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204485304576640674153125778|title=Iraq Projects $100 Billion Investment in Oil Fields|date=October 19, 2011|work=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=August 24, 2018}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/iraq-warns-oil-companies-of-spending-cuts-1442223305|title=Iraq Warns Oil Companies of Spending Cuts|date=September 14, 2015|work=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=August 24, 2018}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/f1b5ce40-9af1-11e3-946b-00144feab7de|title=Baghdad bureaucracy stymies BP’s ambitions|date=February 23, 2014|work=Financial Times|accessdate=August 24, 2018}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rumaila.iq/english/field-renewal.php|title=A field-wide refurbishment programme|date=|work=Rumaila Operating Organization|accessdate=August 24, 2018}}
25. ^{{cite news | url=http://sputniknews.com/business/20091103/156702611.html | title= BP, CNPC sign contract to develop Iraq's Rumaila field | agency=RIA Novosti | date=2009-11-03 | accessdate=2016-04-24}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rumaila.iq/english/supporting-enterprise.php|title=Encouraging and supporting enterprise beyond the field|date=|work=Rumaila Operating Organization|accessdate=September 17, 2018}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rumaila.iq/english/social-welfare-fund.php|title=Working with our community|date=|work=Rumaila Operating Organization|accessdate=September 17, 2018}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rumaila.iq/english/rumaila-education-fund.php|title=Basra: a centre of oil and gas expertise|date=|work=Rumaila Operating Organization|accessdate=September 17, 2018}}
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3 : Oil and gas companies of Iraq|Energy companies established in 2010|2010 establishments in Iraq
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