Russia was represented by 105 athletes at the 2010 European Athletics Championships held in Barcelona, Spain.
| Event | Men | Women |
|---|
| 100 m | Mikhail Idrisov | Anna Gurova
Yuna Mekhti-Zade
Yuliya Katsura |
| 200 m | Aleksandra Fedoriva
Yuliya Chermoshanskaya
Anastasiya Kapachinskaya |
| 400 m | Vladimir Krasnov
Maksim Dyldin
Pavel Trenikhin | Kseniya Ustalova
Tatyana Firova
Antonina Krivoshapka |
| 800 m | Yuriy Koldin | Mariya Savinova
Tatyana Andrianova
Svetlana Klyuka |
| 1500 m | Anna Alminova
Natalya Yevdokimova
Oksana Zbrozhek |
| 5000 m | Aleksandr Orlov
Yevgeniy Rybakov | Mariya Konovalova
Yelizaveta Grechishnikova
Olga Golovkina |
| 10,000 m | Pavel Shapovalov | Liliya Shobukhova
Inga Abitova
Yelena Sokolova |
| Marathon | Yuriy Abramov
Oleg Kulkov
Dmitriy Safronov
Aleksey Sokolov | Magrarita Plaksina
Tatyana Pushkaryova
Silviya Skvortsova
Irina Timofeyeva
Nailya Yulamanova
Yevgeniya Danilova |
| 110/100 m hurdles | Yevgeniy Borisov
Konstantin Shabanov | Olga Samylova
Tatyana Dektyaryova |
| 400 m hurdles | Aleksandr Derevyagin
Ildar Minshin | Natalya Antyukh
Yevgeniya Isakova
Natalia Ivanova |
| 3000 m steeplechase | Andrey Farnosov | Yuliya Zarudneva
Lyubov Kharlamova
Lyudmila Kuzmina |
| High Jump | Aleksandr Shustov
Ivan Ukhov
Andrey Silnov
Aleksey Dmitrik | Svetlana Shkolina
Irina Gordeyeva |
| Pole Vault | Dmitiriy Starodubtsev
Leonid Kivalov
Aleksandr Gripich | Svetlana Feofanova
Yuliya Golubchikova |
| Long Jump | Pavel Shalin
Dmitiry Plotnikov | Lyudmila Kolchanova
Tatyana Kotova
Olga Kucherenko |
| Triple Jump | Yevgeniy Plotnir
Lyukman Adams
Ilya Yefremov | Nadezhda Alyokhina
Alsu Murtazina
Natalya Kutyakova |
| Shot Put | Anna Avdeyeva
Olga Ivanova |
| Discus Throw | Bogdan Pishchalnikov | Natalya Sadova
Svetlana Saykina |
| Hammer Throw | Igor Vinichenko | Tatyana Lysenko |
| Javelin Throw | Sergey Makarov | Mariya Abakumova |
| Decathlon/Heptathlon | Aleksey Drozdov
Vasiliy Kharlamov
Aleksandr Pogorelov | Tatyana Chernova
Yana Panteleyeva
Marina Goncharova |
| 20 km walk | Valeriy Borchin
Andrey Krivov
Stanislav Yemelyanov | Anisya Kirdyapkina
Vera Sokolova
Olga Kaniskina |
| 50 km walk | Sergey Kirdyapkin
Sergey Bakulin
Yuriy Andronov |
| 4 × 100 m relay | Mikhail Idrisov
Vyacheslav Kolesnichenko
Ivan Teplykh
Anton Olefir
Roman Smirnov | Anna Gurova
Yuna Mekhti-Zade
Yuliya Katsura
Aleksandra Fedoriva
Yuliya Gushchina
Yuliya Chermoshanskaya |
| 4 × 400 m relay | Vladimir Krasnov
Maksim Dyldin
Pavel Trenikhin
Aleksey Aksyonov
Sergey Petukhov
Aleksandr Derevyagin | Kseniya Ustalova
Tatyana Firova
Antonina Krivoshapka
Anastasiya Kapachinskaya
Natalya Nazarova
Kseniya Zadorina |