| 词条 | Russula aurea |
| 释义 |
| image = Russula Aurea.JPG | image_width = 234px | regnum = Fungi | divisio = Basidiomycota | classis = Agaricomycetes | ordo = Russulales | familia = Russulaceae | genus = Russula | species = R. aurea | binomial = Russula aurea | binomial_authority = Pers. (1796) | synonyms = Russula esculenta Pers. (1796) Agaricus aureus (Pers.) Pers. (1801) Russula aurata Fr. (1838) }}{{ mycomorphbox | name = Russula aurea | hymeniumType = gills | capShape = convex | capShape2 = depressed | whichGills = free | whichGills2 = adnexed | stipeCharacter = bare | sporePrintColor = white | sporePrintColor2 = cream | ecologicalType = mycorrhizal | howEdible = edible }} Russula aurea, commonly known as the gilded brittlegill, is an uncommon species of mushroom found in deciduous woodland in Europe in summer and early autumn. Unlike many red-capped members of the genus, it is edible and mild-tasting. TaxonomyIt was known for many years as Russula aurata originally published in 1801 as Agaricus auratus by the English naturalist William Withering, and placed by the father of mycology Elias Magnus Fries into the genus Russula in 1838. However, the binomial name Russula aurea had been coined by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1796[1] and takes precedence. Both specific epithets are derived from the Latin aurum "gold", hence "golden".[2] DescriptionThe cap is {{convert|4|–|9|cm|in|round=0.5|abbr=on}} wide and a blood- or orange-red in colour with ridged margins. Sticky when wet, it is initially convex, then later flat, or depressed; it is able to be peeled half-way. The widely spaced gills are ochre with yellow edges, and adnexed or free. The stipe is up to {{convert|3|–|8|cm|in|round=0.5|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|1|–|2.5|cm|in|abbr=on}} wide, cylindrical and white or cream to golden-yellow. The brittle flesh is yellow and the taste mild. The spore print is ochre, the warty spores are oval or round and measure 7.5–9 × 6–8 μm.[3] Similar speciesThe overall yellow tone of Russula aurea distinguishes it from the peppery and inedible red-capped Russulas, such as the bloody brittlegill (R. sanguinaria), the sickener (R. emetica), and the beechwood sickener (R. nobilis).[4] Distribution and habitatRussula aurea is found in Europe and is uncommon in Britain. It has been recorded as far east as the Black Sea region of eastern Turkey.[5][6]It occurs under deciduous trees in summer and early autumn, in particular beech, oak and hazel.[3][4] EdibilityUnlike many other red-capped members of the genus, Russula aurea is mild-tasting and edible.[4] See also
References1. ^Persoon, Observationes mycologicae, Seu descriptiones tam novorum, quam notabilium fungorum (1796) vol. I:101 . 2. ^{{cite book|author = Simpson DP| title = Cassell's Latin Dictionary | publisher = Cassell Ltd.| date = 1979|edition = 5|location = London|page = 883| isbn=0-304-52257-0}} 3. ^1 {{cite book| author = Roger Phillips | year = 2006 | title = Mushrooms | publisher = Pan MacMillan | isbn = 0-330-44237-6|page=19}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite book |vauthors=Nilson S, Persson O|lastauthoramp=yes | year = 1977 | title = Fungi of Northern Europe 2: Gill-Fungi | publisher = Penguin|isbn=0-14-063006-6|page=118}} 5. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Yagiz D, Afyon A, Konuk M, Helfer S |year=2006|title=Contributions to the Macrofungi of Bolu and Düzce Provinces, Turkey |journal=Mycotaxon |volume=95 |pages=331–34 |id= |url=http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/mycotaxon/56.pdf|format=PDF |accessdate=2008-08-10}} 6. ^{{cite journal |author=Sesli E|year=2007|title=Checklist of the Turkish ascomycota and basidiomycota collected from the Black Sea region |journal=Mycotaxon |volume=99 |pages=71–74 |id= |url=http://mycotaxon.com/resources/checklists/sesliv99-checklist.pdf|format=PDF |accessdate=2008-08-10}} {{Dead link|date=November 2010|bot=H3llBot}} External links{{Commons|Russula aurea}}
4 : Russula|Fungi described in 1796|Fungi of Europe|Edible fungi |
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