“Röchling shell”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The fin-stabilised shells made from chrome-vanadium steel were able to penetrate much more than {{convert|4|m|ft}} of reinforced concrete roof before burying the shell through the floor and into earth.^[2] However, these shells had a low muzzle velocity, and thus a high dispersion, {{convert|36|m|abbr=on}} on {{convert|1000|m|abbr=on}} range. As a result, they saw very limited use during World War II; only about 200 shells were ever fired even though 6000 such shells were made for the very large howitzers like the 21 cm mortar.{{cn|date=April 2018}}

Röchling shells were developed for the 21 cm Mörser 18, a captured French 34 cm railway gun 674(f), and the 35.5 cm Haubitze M1 only. In addition, many experimental HE shells were made for the 37 mm PAK and 50 mm PAK weapons.^[3]

Use

Röchling shells were tested in 1942 and 1943 first against the Belgian Fort de Battice then against the Belgian Fort d'Aubin-Neufchâteau.^[4]^[5] They were also tested against the fortresses of Hůrka,^[6] Hanička and Dobrošov^[7]^[8] (Czech Republic),^[9] the Gössler wall, Toplitzsee (Austria) and at the Hillersleben test facility (Germany).

They were regarded as a German secret weapon, and there is speculation that their use was limited in order to reduce the chance of dud shells being recovered and exploited by the Allied forces.^[10] A more likely reason, however, is their poor accuracy.^[11]

See also

References

1. ^{{cite book|title=Waffen Revue|year=1988|volume=72|language=German|chapter=Das Röchling-geschoss|pages=73–106}}
2. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KAYhAQAAIAAJ|title=Hitler's Miracle Weapons: The Secret History of the Rockets and Flying Crafts of the Third Reich Volume 2 - from the V-1 to the A-9; Unconventional Short- and Medium-Range Weapons|last=Georg|first=Friedrich|date=2005|publisher=Helion Limited|year=|isbn=9781874622628|location=|pages=212|language=en|via=}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.balsi.de/Weltkrieg/Waffen/Sonderwaffen/Heer/roechlingranaten.htm|title=Die Roechlingranaten des Heeres|website=www.balsi.de|access-date=2016-08-03}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://html2.free.fr/canons/flech.htm|title=Premier obus flêchette|last=|first=|date=30 December 2012|website=Les Canons de l'Apocalypse|publisher=|language=fr|access-date=2016-08-03}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://derelicta.pagesperso-orange.fr/aubin3.htm|title= Les étranges obus du fort de Neufchâteau|language=fr|work=Reliques:souterrains et industries|last=Delacruz|first=Jean-Paul }}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/theadventurouseye/15158381525/|title=Artillery fort Hůrka – Röchling projectile embedded into the wall|website=Flickr|access-date=2016-08-03}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.bunkry.cz/clanek.aspx?id=1256|title=Bunkry.cz – Protibetonové Granáty Röchling|last=Čermák|first=Ladislav|website=www.bunkry.cz|access-date=2016-08-03}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.bunkry.cz/clanek.aspx?id=1216|title=Bunkry.cz – Dělostřelecká tvrz Dobrošov|last=Čermák|first=Ladislav|website=www.bunkry.cz|access-date=2016-08-03}}
9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jiricek|first=Pavel|last2=Foglar|first2=Marek|date=2015-01-01|title=Numerical simulation of the effect of regular and sub-caliber projectiles on military bunkers|url=http://www.epj-conferences.org/10.1051/epjconf/20159404049|journal=EPJ Web of Conferences|language=en|volume=94|doi=10.1051/epjconf/20159404049|issn=2100-014X}}
10. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TQ0tAQAAIAAJ|title=Encyclopedia of World War II|last=Keegan|first=John|date=1990|publisher=Gallery Books|year=|isbn=97 80831753504|location=|page=212|pages=|language=en|via=}}
11. ^{{cite web|author=War and Games |title=V 3 – THE HIGH-PRESSURE PUMP GUN |url=http://warandgame.wordpress.com/2009/07/13/v-3-the-high-pressure-pump-gun/ |accessdate=2009-12-15 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090723072338/http://warandgame.wordpress.com/2009/07/13/v-3-the-high-pressure-pump-gun/ |archivedate=July 23, 2009 }}

Description

Use

See also

References