| 词条 | Salmon Creek (Clark County, Washington) |
| 释义 |
| name = Salmon Creek | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = | image = Salmon Creek.jpg | image_caption = | map = | map_size = 300 | map_caption = | pushpin_map = USA Washington | pushpin_map_size = 300 | pushpin_map_caption= Location of the mouth of Salmon Creek in Washington | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = United States | subdivision_type2 = State | subdivision_name2 = Washington | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = County | subdivision_name4 = Clark | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = | length = {{convert|26|mi|km|abbr=on}}[1] | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = | source1 = Elkhorn Mountain | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= {{coord|45|44|33|N|122|22|55|W|display=inline}}[1] | source1_elevation = {{convert|1638|ft|abbr=on}}[2] | mouth = Lake River | mouth_location = near Vancouver Lake | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|45|43|31|N|122|44|05|W|display=inline,title}}[1] | mouth_elevation = {{convert|10|ft|abbr=on}}[1] | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|89|sqmi|abbr=on}}[3] | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} Salmon Creek is a {{convert|26|mi|km|sigfig=2|adj=on}} tributary of Lake River in Clark County in the U.S. state of Washington. Beginning from its forested headwaters on Elkhorn Mountain, Salmon Creek passes through rural, agricultural, residential, and urban areas before flowing into the river just north of Vancouver Lake.[3] Lake River is a tributary of the Columbia River. Major tributaries to Salmon Creek are Mill, Woodin, Rock, Morgan, and Curtin creeks. Several smaller streams, including Curtis Creek also flow into Salmon Creek.[3] NamesSalmon Creek is named for the salmon runs noted along the stream by early pioneers who settled in the area.[4] The unincorporated community of Salmon Creek is named for the stream. The Salmon Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant is along the banks of lower Salmon Creek.[5] WatershedSalmon Creek drains {{convert|89|mi2|km2}} of land that is least developed near the headwaters and increasingly developed further downstream. About 29 percent of the watershed is forested; 38 percent is devoted to fields, pastures, bare earth, and shrubland, and 33 percent has been developed for urban use.[3] The water quality of surface streams in the basin range from "good" in the forested areas to "very poor" in developed areas downstream. Harmful bacteria levels and high turbidity are the two most serious problems. Despite this, steelhead, coho salmon, and coastal cutthroat trout use about {{convert|43|mi|km}} of the basin's streams.[3] Bridge replacementKlineline Bridge carrying Highway 99 over Salmon Creek was first built in 1927. After the creek eroded the bridge supports and part of the bridge collapsed, it was closed in 2007 while a new bridge was built.[6] Ostrander Rock and Construction of Longview won the construction contract with a bid that included completing the bridge within 160 days from start to finish. Work started in April 2008 and was completed on September 19, 2008, a week earlier than the contract deadline. The new span has four travel lanes, a center median, bicycle lanes, curb/gutter, sidewalks and two pedestrian overlooks with views of Salmon Creek. The county restored more than {{convert|650|ft|m}} of stream channel west of the bridge, which has improved salmon and steelhead passage.[7] RecreationKlineline Pond and Battle Ground Lake are the only two lakes in the watershed that are larger than {{convert|5|acre|ha|0}}.[3] Salmon Creek Park at the pond offers picnicking, fishing, swimming, and hiking opportunities.[8] The Salmon Creek Greenway Trail follows the creek for about {{convert|3|mi|km|0}} between the pond and Felida Bridge.[9] Connecting trails include Cougar Creek Trail and a trail between Klineline Pond and East Lake, east of Interstate 5.[9] Battle Ground Lake State Park, is a {{convert|280|acre|ha|adj=on}} camping park in the forest near the city of Battle Ground, east of Vancouver.[10] Amenities at the park include picnic sites, trails, cabins, as well as fishing and a boat launch on {{convert|28|acre|ha|adj=on}} Battle Ground Lake.[10]See also
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web | work = Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) | publisher = United States Geological Survey | date = September 10, 1979 | url ={{Gnis3|1525387}} | title = Salmon Creek|accessdate=January 21, 2013}} 2. ^Source elevation derived from Google Earth search using GNIS source coordinates. 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|title=Salmon Creek Watershed|url=http://www.co.clark.wa.us/water-resources/documents/Stream%20Health%20Report/Salmon.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=Clark County|accessdate=January 21, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100508065558/http://www.co.clark.wa.us/water-resources/documents/Stream%20Health%20Report/Salmon.pdf|archivedate=2010-05-08}} 4. ^Jollota, Pat. Naming Clark County. Vancouver: Fort Vancouver Historical Society Of Clark County, 1993. p.48. 5. ^{{cite web|title=Salmon Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant|publisher=Clark County|url=http://www.clark.wa.gov/publicworks/wastewater/plant.html|accessdate=January 21, 2013}} 6. ^{{cite news|last=Kamin|first=Jim|title=Klineline Bridge in Clark County Is Closed for More Than a Year|url=http://blog.oregonlive.com/breakingnews/2007/12/klineline_bridge_in_clark_coun.html|date=December 13, 2007|work=Oregon Live|accessdate=January 21, 2013}} 7. ^"Klineline Bridge Replacement - Public Works - Clark County Washington." Clark County Washington - government services. N.p., September 2008. Web. 5 July 2010. <{{cite web |url=http://www.clark.wa.gov/public-works/klineline/replacement.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-07-05 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619083402/http://www.clark.wa.gov/public-works/klineline/replacement.html |archivedate=2010-06-19 |df= }}>. 8. ^{{cite web|title=Salmon Creek Park/Klineline Pond|publisher=Clark – Vancouver Parks & Recreation|url=http://www.cityofvancouver.us/parks-recreation/parks_trails/parks/salmoncreek.asp|accessdate=January 21, 2013}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|title=Salmon Creek Greenway Trail|publisher=Clark – Vancouver Parks & Recreation|url=http://www.cityofvancouver.us/parks-recreation/parks_trails/trails/pdfs/salmonck.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=January 21, 2013}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|title=Battle Ground Lake State Park |url=http://www.cityofvancouver.us/parks-recreation/parks_trails/parks/battlegroundlake.asp|publisher=Clark – Vancouver Parks & Recreation|accessdate=January 21, 2013}} 2 : Rivers of Washington (state)|Rivers of Clark County, Washington |
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