| 词条 | Marzabotto |
| 释义 |
| name = Marzabotto | official_name = Comune di Marzabotto | native_name = | image_skyline = Marzabotto1.JPG | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = Marzabotto acropolis | image_shield = Marzabotto-Stemma.png | shield_alt = | shield_size = 100px | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | coordinates = {{coord|44|20|20|N|11|12|20|E|region:IT_type:city(6491)|display=inline}} | coordinates_footnotes = | region = Emilia-Romagna | metropolitan_city = Bologna (BO) | frazioni = see list | mayor_party = | mayor = Romano Franchi| area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 74 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 6826 | population_as_of = 30 September 2017 | pop_density_footnotes = | population_demonym = Marzabottesi | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 130 | twin1 = | twin1_country = | saint = St. Joseph and St. Charles [1] | day = March 19 | postal_code = 52100 | area_code = 051 | website = {{official website|http://www.comune.marzabotto.bo.it}} | footnotes = }} Marzabotto (Medial Mountain Bolognese: {{lang|egl|Marzabòt}}) is a small town and comune in Italian region Emilia-Romagna, part of the Metropolitan City of Bologna. It is located {{convert|27|km|mi}} south-southwest of Bologna by rail, and lies in the valley of the Reno. A massacre of inhabitants took place there in World War II. HistoryIn and below the grounds of the Villa Aria, close to the city, are the remains of an Etruscan town of the 5th century BC, Kainua, protected on the west by the mountains, on the east and south by the river, which by a change of course has destroyed about half of it.[2][3] The acropolis was just below the villa: here remains of temples were found. The town lay below the modern high-road and was laid out on a rectangular plan divided by main streets into eight quarters, and these in turn into blocks or insulae.[4] Necropoleis were found on the east and north of the site.[5] The place was partially inhabited later by the Gauls, but was not occupied by the Romans.[6] Massacre{{main|Marzabotto massacre}}On September 29, 1944, during the World War II German occupation of Italy, the town was the site of the worst massacre of civilians committed by the Waffen SS in Italy.[7] In reprisal of the local support given to the partisans and the resistance movement, soldiers of the SS-Panzer-Aufklärungsabteilung 16, killed systematically hundreds of civilians in Marzabotto, and in the adjacent Grizzana Morandi and Monzuno. [8] The town was awarded the Gold Medal of Military Valour for this episode. References1. ^There are several saints called Charles (Italian: San Carlo). None of their feast days is on March 19, so this may be a local saint. Alternatively, the local church may contain relics of one of the known Saint Charles. 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://pleiades.stoa.org/places/393448 |title=Places: 393448 (Marzabotto) |author=Pearce, M., R. Peretto, P. Tozzi, DARMC, R. Talbert, S. Gillies, T. Elliott, J. Becker |accessdate=March 12, 2016 |publisher=Pleiades}} 3. ^{{cite book|author=Sybille Haynes|title=Etruscan Civilization: A Cultural History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJL69xHDTwEC&pg=PA188|date=1 September 2005|publisher=Getty Publications|isbn=978-0-89236-600-2|pages=188–}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Luisa Banti|title=Etruscan Cities and Their Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3zzu5EjrCrsC&pg=PA9|year=1973|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-01910-2|pages=9–}} 5. ^{{cite book|author1=Paolo Bernardini|author2=Giovannangelo Camporeale|title=The Etruscans Outside Etruria|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KWVQOcpVuZoC&pg=PA182|year=2004|publisher=Getty Publications|isbn=978-0-89236-767-2|pages=182–}} 6. ^The Etruscan town of Marzabotto Archaeological site and National Etruscan Museum "Pompeo Aria" http://www.archeobologna.beniculturali.it/marzabotto/note_en.htm 7. ^{{cite book|author=Alexander Mikaberidze|title=Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes: An Encyclopedia [2 Volumes]: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jVqqAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA441|date=25 June 2013|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-59884-926-4|pages=441–}} 8. ^{{cite book|author=Nigel Cawthorne|title=The Story of the SS|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_SAEAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT142|date=24 July 2012|publisher=Arcturus Publishing|isbn=978-1-84858-947-6|pages=142–}}
External links
3 : Cities and towns in Emilia-Romagna|Archaeological sites in Emilia-Romagna|Recipients of the Gold Medal of Military Valor |
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