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词条 Samuel Karlin
释义

  1. Biography

  2. Selected publications

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Infobox scientist
|name = Samuel Karlin
|image =
|image_size = 150px
|caption = Samuel Karlin
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1924|06|08}}
|birth_place = Janów, Lublin Province, Second Polish Republic
|death_date = {{Death date and age|2007|12|18|1924|06|08}}
|death_place = Palo Alto, California, United States
|residence = |citizenship = American
|nationality = Poland
|ethnicity =
|field = mathematical sciences
population genetics
|work_institutions = Stanford University
|alma_mater = Illinois Institute of Technology
Princeton University
|doctoral_advisor = Salomon Bochner
|doctoral_students = Christopher Burge[1]
Thomas LIggett
John W. Pratt
|known_for = BLAST
Karlin-Rubin theorem (UMP tests of monotone likelihoods)
geometry of moments[2]
Total positivity
Tchebycheff systems
Optimal experiments
|author_abbrev_bot =|author_abbrev_zoo =
|influences =
|influenced =
|prizes = National Medal of Science (1989)
John von Neumann Theory Prize (1987)
|religion = |footnotes = |signature =
}}

Samuel Karlin (June 8, 1924 – December 18, 2007) was an American mathematician at Stanford University in the late 20th century.

Biography

Karlin was born in Janów, Poland and immigrated to Chicago as a child. Raised in an Orthodox Jewish household, Karlin became an atheist in his teenage years and remained an atheist for the rest of his life.[3]

Karlin earned his undergraduate degree from Illinois Institute of Technology; and then his doctorate in mathematics from Princeton University in 1947 (at the age of 22) under the supervision of Salomon Bochner. He was on the faculty of Caltech from 1948 to 1956, before becoming a professor of mathematics and statistics at Stanford.[3][4]

Throughout his career, Karlin made fundamental contributions to the fields of mathematical economics, bioinformatics, game theory, evolutionary theory, biomolecular sequence analysis, and total positivity.[4] He did extensive work in mathematical population genetics. In the early 1990s, Karlin and Stephen Altschul developed the Karlin-Altschul statistics, a basis for the highly used sequence similarity software program BLAST.[3]

Karlin authored ten books and more than 450 articles.[4] Karlin was a member of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. He won a Lester R. Ford Award in 1973.[5] In 1989, President George H. W. Bush bestowed Karlin the National Medal of Science "for his broad and remarkable research in mathematical analysis, probability theory and mathematical statistics, and in the application of these ideas to mathematical economics, mechanics, and population genetics."[6]

Karlin's three children all became scientists.[7] One of his sons, Kenneth D. Karlin, is a professor of chemistry at Johns Hopkins University and the 2009 winner of the American Chemical Society's F. Albert Cotton Award for Synthetic Chemistry.[8] His other son, Manuel, is a physician in Portland, Oregon. His daughter, Anna R. Karlin, is a theoretical computer scientist, the Microsoft Professor of Computer Science & Engineering at the University of Washington.[9]

Selected publications

  • {{cite book | last1 = Karlin | first1 = Samuel | last2 = Arrow | first2 = Kenneth J. | last3 = Suppes | first3 = Patrick | author-link2 = Kenneth Arrow | author-link3 = Patrick Suppes | title = Mathematical models in the social sciences, 1959: Proceedings of the first Stanford symposium | publisher = Stanford University Press | location = Stanford, California | year = 1960 | isbn = 9780804700214 }}
  • {{citation | last1 = Karlin | first1 = Samuel | last2 = Fabens | first2 = Augustus J. | contribution = A stationary inventory model with Markovian demand | editor-last1 = Arrow | editor-first1 = Kenneth J. | editor-last2 = Karlin | editor-first2 = Samuel | editor-last3 = Suppes | editor-first3 = Patrick | editor-link1 = Kenneth Arrow | editor-link2 = Samuel Karlin | editor-link3 = Patrick Suppes | title = Mathematical models in the social sciences, 1959: Proceedings of the first Stanford symposium | pages = 159–175 | publisher = Stanford University Press | location = Stanford, California | series = Stanford mathematical studies in the social sciences, IV | year = 1960 | isbn = 9780804700214 | ref = harv | postscript = .}}
  • S. Karlin and H. M. Taylor. "A First Course in Stochastic Processes." Academic Press, 1975 (second edition).
  • S. Karlin and H. M. Taylor. "A Second Course in Stochastic Processes." Academic Press, 1981.
  • S. Karlin and H. M. Taylor. "An Introduction to Stochastic Modeling, Third Edition." Academic Press, 1998. {{ISBN|0-12-684887-4}}
  • S. Karlin, D. Eisenberg, and R. Altman. "Bioinformatics: Unsolved Problems and Challenges." National Academic Press Inc., 2005. {{ISBN|978-0-309-10029-8}}.
  • S. Karlin (Ed.). "Econometrics, Time Series, and Multivariate Statistics." Academic Press, 1983. {{ISBN|978-0-12-398750-1}}.
  • S. Karlin (Author) and E. Nevo (Editor). "Evolutionary Processes and Theory." Academic Press, 1986. {{ISBN|978-0-12-398760-0}}.
  • S. Karlin. "Mathematical Methods and Theory in Games, Programming, and Economics." Dover Publications, 1992. {{ISBN|978-0-486-67020-1}}.
  • S. Karlin and E. Nevo (Eds.). "Population Genetics and Ecology." Academic Press, 1976. {{ISBN|978-0-12-398560-6}}.
  • S. Karlin and W. J. Studden. "Tchebycheff systems: With applications in analysis and statistics (pure and applied mathematics)." Interscience Publishers, 1966 (1st edition). ASIN B0006BNV2C.
  • S Karlin and S. Lessard. "Theoretical Studies on Sex Ratio Evolution." Princeton University Press, 1986. {{ISBN|978-0-691-08412-1}}
  • S. Karlin. "Theory of Infinite Games." Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. Inc., 1959. ASIN B000SNID12.
  • S. Karlin. "Total Positivity, Vol. 1." Stanford, 1968. ASIN B000LZG0Xu.
  • {{cite journal | journal=Proc Natl Acad Sci USA | volume=87 | pages=2264–8 | year=1990 | author=Karlin Samuel, Altschul Stephen F. | title=Methods for assessing the statistical significance of molecular sequence features by using general scoring schemes | url=http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=2315319 | pmid=2315319 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.87.6.2264 | issue=6 | pmc=53667 }}
  • {{cite journal | journal=Proc Natl Acad Sci USA | volume=90 | pages=5873–7 | year=1993 | author=Karlin S, Altschul SF. | title=Applications and statistics for multiple high-scoring segments in molecular sequences | url=http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8390686 | pmid=8390686 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.90.12.5873 | issue=12 | pmc=46825 }}

See also

  • Karlin–McGregor polynomials

References

1. ^{{Cite journal |last1 = Burge |first1 = Christopher |authorlink1 = Christopher Burge |last2 = Karlin |first2 = Samuel |authorlink2 = Samuel Karlin |title = Prediction of complete gene structures in human genomic DNA |doi = 10.1006/jmbi.1997.0951 |journal = Journal of Molecular Biology |volume = 268 |issue = 1 |pages = 78–94 |year = 1997 |pmid = 9149143 |pmc = |url = http://ai.stanford.edu/~serafim/cs262/Papers/GENSCAN.pdf |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150620094015/http://ai.stanford.edu/~serafim/cs262/Papers/GENSCAN.pdf |archivedate = 2015-06-20 |df = |citeseerx = 10.1.1.115.3107 }}
2. ^{{cite news|last=Artstein|first=Zvi|title=Discrete and continuous bang-bang and facial spaces, or: Look for the extreme points|journal=SIAM Review|volume=22|year=1980|number=2|pages=172–185|doi=10.1137/1022026|jstor=2029960 | mr = 564562}}* Artstein's article has been republished in a festschrift by students of Robert J. Aumann: {{cite book|first1=Zvi|last1=Artstein|chapter=22 Discrete and continuous bang–bang and facial spaces or: Look for the extreme points|pages=449–462|title=Game and economic theory: Selected contributions in honor of Robert J. Aumann |chapter-url=http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=14414|editor1-first=Sergiu|editor1-last=Hart|editor2-first=Abraham|editor2-last=Neyman|publisher=University of Michigan Press|location=Ann Arbor, MI|year=1995|isbn=978-0-472-10673-8}}
3. ^1 2 Sam Karlin, mathematician who improved DNA analysis, dies
4. ^1 2 Sam Karlin, influential math professor, dead at 83 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512084427/http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/karlin-010908.html |date=2008-05-12 }}
5. ^{{cite journal|author=Karlin, Samuel|title=Some mathematical models of population genetics|journal=Amer. Math. Monthly|volume=79|issue=7|year=1972|pages=699–739|url=http://www.maa.org/programs/maa-awards/writing-awards/some-mathematical-models-of-population-genetics|doi=10.2307/2316262|jstor=2316262}}
6. ^[https://www.nsf.gov/od/nms/recip_details.cfm?recip_id=187 US NSF - The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details]
7. ^Sam Karlin, mathematician who improved DNA analysis, dead at 83, Stanford University, retrieved 2011-01-16.
8. ^Kenneth Karlin's web site at JHU, retrieved 2011-01-16.
9. ^Anna Karlin's faculty web page at U. Washington, retrieved 2011-01-16.
*{{Cite journal | last1 = Ewens | first1 = W. J. | title = Sam Karlin and the stochastic theory of evolutionary population genetics | doi = 10.1016/j.tpb.2009.01.001 | journal = Theoretical Population Biology | volume = 75 | issue = 4 | pages = 236–238 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19496243| pmc = }}

  • {{Cite journal | last1 = Bodmer | first1 = W. | title = Sam Karlin: A personal appreciation | doi = 10.1016/j.tpb.2009.01.005 | journal = Theoretical Population Biology | volume = 75 | issue = 4 | pages = 230–232 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19496242| pmc = }}
  • {{Cite journal | last1 = Feldman | first1 = M. W. | title = Sam Karlin and multi-locus population genetics | doi = 10.1016/j.tpb.2009.01.002 | journal = Theoretical Population Biology | volume = 75 | issue = 4 | pages = 233–235 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19344629| pmc = }}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20091216123852/http://mathgateway.maa.org/do/ViewMathNews?id=259 "Math in the News: Mathematician Sam Karlin, Known for Contributions in Computational Biology, has Died."] Math Gateway of the Mathematical Association of America, February 5, 2008.
  • {{MacTutor Biography|id=Karlin}}
  • {{MathGenealogy|id=8105}}
  • {{Cite news | last = Martin | first = Douglas | title = Samuel Karlin, Versatile Mathematician, Dies at 83 | newspaper=The New York Times |date = February 21, 2008 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/21/us/21karlin.html?ref=us | postscript = }}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20080511182132/http://bulletin.imstat.org/archive/37/4 Obituary, I.M.S. Bulletin, May 2008]
  • [https://www.informs.org/content/view/full/272016 Biography of Samuel Karlin] from the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences
{{Winners of the National Medal of Science|math-stat-comp}}{{John von Neumann Theory Prize recipients}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Karlin, Samuel}}

21 : National Medal of Science laureates|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences|John von Neumann Theory Prize winners|American geneticists|Probability theorists|American operations researchers|Game theorists|Mathematical economists|Functional analysts|20th-century American mathematicians|Stanford University Department of Mathematics faculty|Stanford University Department of Statistics faculty|Princeton University alumni|Illinois Institute of Technology alumni|American atheists|Jewish atheists|American people of Polish-Jewish descent|Polish emigrants to the United States|1924 births|2007 deaths
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