| 词条 | Samuel Ray Cummings |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = | name = Samuel Ray Cummings | honorific-suffix = | image = | alt = | caption = | office = Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas | term_start = December 31, 2014 | term_end = | office1 = Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas | term_start1 = December 9, 1987 | term_end1 = December 31, 2014 | nominator1 = | appointer1 = Ronald Reagan | predecessor1 = Halbert Owen Woodward | successor1 = | pronunciation = | birth_name = Samuel Ray Commings | birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1944}} | birth_place = Lubbock, Texas | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | citizenship = | nationality = | party = | otherparty = | height = | spouse = | partner = | relations = | children = | parents = | mother = | father = | relatives = | residence = | education = {{nowrap|Texas Tech University (B.B.A.)}} Baylor Law School (J.D.) | occupation = | profession = | known_for = | salary = | net_worth = | cabinet = | committees = | portfolio = | religion = | awards = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }} Samuel Ray Cummings (born 1944) is a Senior United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas. Education and careerBorn in Lubbock, Texas, Cummings received a Bachelor of Business Administration from Texas Tech University in 1967 and a Juris Doctor from Baylor Law School in 1970. He was in private practice in Amarillo, Texas from 1970 to 1987.[1] Federal judicial serviceOn July 31, 1987, Cummings was nominated by President Ronald Reagan to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas vacated by Judge Halbert Owen Woodward. Cummings was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 8, 1987, and received his commission on December 9, 1987. He assumed senior status on December 31, 2014.[1] Notable casesOn March 1, 2001, Cummings issued an opinion on Tannahill v. Lockney I.S.D., which stated that it is a violation of the 4th amendment for school districts to have a mandatory whole school drug testing policy. On November 16, 2016, Cummings issued a permanent nationwide injunction blocking President Barack Obama's "Persuader Rule", finding, that its attempt to require an employer's attorney to publicly disclose advise provided to persuade against unionization violated the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.[2] References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/cummings-samuel-ray|title=Cummings, Samuel Ray - Federal Judicial Center|website=www.fjc.gov}} 2. ^{{cite news|last1=Dubé|first1=Lawrence E.|title=DOL Persuader Rule Blocked by Federal Judge|url=http://www.bna.com/dol-persuader-rule-n57982082867/|accessdate=20 November 2016|work=Bloomberg BNA Daily Labor Report}} Sources
6 : 1944 births|Living people|Judges of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas|United States district court judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|20th-century American judges|Rawls College of Business alumni |
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