| 词条 | Maseru District |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Maseru |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = District |motto = |image_skyline = File:Baboons Pass Lesotho - panoramio (12).jpg |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Baboons Pass, Maseru District |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_map = Lesotho - Maseru.svg |mapsize = |map_caption = Map of Lesotho with the district highlighted |pushpin_map = |pushpin_label_position = right |pushpin_mapsize = 300 |pushpin_map_caption = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Lesotho}} |subdivision_type1 = |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |seat_type = Capital |seat = Maseru |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = metric |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 4279 |area_land_km2 = |population_as_of = 2016 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 519186 |population_density_km2 = auto |timezone = CAT |utc_offset = +2 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |latd=|latm=|lats=|latNS= |longd=|longm=|longs=|longEW= |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = +266 |blank_name = |blank_info = | blank_name_sec1 = HDI (2017) | blank_info_sec1 = 0.556[1] {{color|#fc0|medium}} · 2nd |website = |footnotes = }} Maseru is a district of Lesotho. Maseru is also the name of the district's capital, and is the only city in the district and also the capital of the country. It is the largest urban area in the country, and therefore the only city. The city of Maseru is located on Lesotho's western border with the Free State Province of South Africa, the frontier being the Caledon River. Maseru borders on Berea District in north, Thaba-Tseka District in the east, Mohale's Hoek District in south, and Mafeteng District in southwest. As of 2006, the district had a population of 431,998 which was 23.02 per cent of the total population of the country. The total area of the district was 4,279 which was 14.10 per cent of the total area of the country. The density of population in the district was 101.00 per sq. km. As of 2008, there were 52 economically active people in the district. There were totally 294,062 employed people out of a total of 585,770 people in the district above 15 years of age. DemographicsAs of 2006, the district had a population of 431,998, 23.02 per cent of the population of the country. The area of the district was 4,279, 14.10 per cent of the country. The population density was 101.00 persons per square kilometre, compared to the 62 for the country. There were eighteen constituencies and twenty-three community counciles in the district.[2] As of 2006, 1318 people tested HIV positive, 25.50 per cent of the HIV-positive persons in the country. 522 of these (18.10%) were men; 796 (29.90%) were women.[3] EconomyAs of 2008, there were 52 economically active people in the district. There were totally 294,062 employed people out of a total of 585,770 people in the district above 15 years of age. The employed population in the age group of 6-14 years was 2,454 out of a total of 157,714 people in the district in the age group. The labour force participation stood at 197.80. The number of people involved in subsistence agriculture is 1,380 and the number of people in other sectors was 1,074. The number of unemployed people in the district was 90,050 and the unemployment rate was 070.[4] The total area planted in 2009 was 20,998 which formed 5.20 per cent of the total area planted in the country. The total production was 10,773 tonnes, which was 7.15 per cent of the totals in the country. The major crop was maize, while wheat, sorghum, beans and peas were the other crops planted. The total production of maize was 8,891 tonnes, beans was 120 tonnes, sorghum was 066 tonnes, peas was 1,066 tonnes and wheat was 630 tonnes as of 2008.[5] As of 2007, there were a total of {{convert|391|km|mi|abbr=on}} of paved roads in the district, with {{convert|281|km|mi|abbr=on}} paved roads and {{convert|110|km|mi|abbr=on}} of unpaved roads.[6] GeographyThe city of Maseru is located on Lesotho's western border with the Free State Province of South Africa, the frontier being the Caledon River (Sesotho: Mohokare). Maseru borders on the following districts, namely, Berea District in north, Thaba-Tseka District in the east, Mohale's Hoek District in south, and Mafeteng District in southwest. The Western districts of Lesotho has predominantly low land zone with an elevation of {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} {{convert|1800|m|ft|abbr=on}} above the sea level. These lands are the major agricultural zones in the country. The average annual rainfall in the country is {{convert|100|cm|in|abbr=on}}, most of which is received during the rainy season of October to April. Though it rains during all the months of the year, groundwater is limited on account of run-offs. The region has a temperate climate on account of the elevation and is humid during most parts of the year. The temperature in low lands vary from {{convert|32|C|F|abbr=on}} to {{convert|-7|C|F|abbr=on}} in the winter.[7] {{Weather box|location = Maseru District |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 27 |Feb high C = 27 |Mar high C = 25 |Apr high C = 22 |May high C = 19 |Jun high C = 16 |Jul high C = 17 |Aug high C = 21 |Sep high C = 23 |Oct high C = 28 |Nov high C = 28 |Dec high C = 29 |Jan low C = 15 |Feb low C = 15 |Mar low C = 12 |Apr low C = 7 |May low C = 6 |Jun low C = 2 |Jul low C = 0 |Aug low C = 5 |Sep low C = 5 |Oct low C = 12 |Nov low C = 14 |Dec low C = 15 |source 1 = [8] |Jan rain mm= 146 |Feb rain mm= 53 |Mar rain mm= 105 |Apr rain mm= 33 |May rain mm= 43 |Jun rain mm= 51 |Jul rain mm= 0 |Aug rain mm= 5 |Sep rain mm= 2 |Oct rain mm= 16 |Nov rain mm= 127 |Dec rain mm= 68 |year rain mm= 649 |source 2 = [9] |date=January 2011}} ConstituenciesConstituencies of Maseru District are Koro-Koro, Lithabaneng, Lithoteng, Maama, Machache, Makhaleng, 'Maletsunyane, Maseru Central, Matsieng, Motimposo, Qeme, Qoaling, Rothe, Stadium Area, Thaba-Bosiu and Thaba-Putsoa.[10] The community councils of Maseru District are Abia, Likalaneng, Lilala, Lithabaneng, Lithoteng, Makheka, Makhoarane, Makhalaneng, Makolopetsane, Manonyane, Maseru Central, Mazenod, Mohlakeng, Motimposo, Nyakosoba, Qiloane, Qoaling, Ratau, Ribaneng, Semonkong, Stadium Area and Telle[10] As per the 1968 Local Government Repeal Act - Development Committees Order No.9 of 1986, a District Development Committee (DDC) should have a set of Ward Development Committees (WDC) for each ward and Village Development Committees (VDC) under it. Each VDC has a set of seven elected members and the head would be an ex-officio member and chairman of the committee. The WDC is composed of twelve members elected from about VDCs, whose chairman would be and ex-officio member. The fifteen-membered DDC is elected by the members of WDC. When there are cases of more than one DDC, the chiefs would alternate in meetings. The district secretary co-ordinates the activities of the various committees. As per the Local Government Amendment Act 2004, the District Development Coordination Committee was established as the supreme body of district administration, under which all the district councils were branched. The urban and municipal councils were under each district council, which in turn had community councils under it.[11] The Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) is responsible for the administration of the Local Government Elections. The nation's first local government elections were conducted on April 2005, while the most recent elections were held in October 2011. During these elections, 64 community councils, 11 urban councils and one municipal council were elected.[12] References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2018-09-13}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Population of Lesotho, 2006|url=http://lesotho.opendataforafrica.org/xeeyiwf/geography-and-climate-2006-lesotho|year=2006|publisher=Lesotho Bureau of Statistics |accessdate=12 November 2016}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=HID AIDS in Lesotho, 2004|url=http://lesotho.opendataforafrica.org/lyjzhif/health-and-medical-care-of-lesotho-2007|year=2006|publisher=Lesotho Bureau of Statistics |accessdate=12 November 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Work profile in Lesotho, 2008|url=http://lesotho.opendataforafrica.org/qrqxeze/labour-market-of-lesotho-2009|year=2008|publisher=Lesotho Bureau of Statistics |accessdate=12 November 2016}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Agricultural production in Lesotho, 2008|url=http://lesotho.opendataforafrica.org/zctwxpe/agriculture-2001-2009-lesotho|year=2009|publisher=Lesotho Bureau of Statistics |accessdate=12 November 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Road and transport in Lesotho, 2008|url=http://lesotho.opendataforafrica.org/zqeasx/transport-and-communication-2006-2008-lesotho?regionId=LS-K|year=2007|publisher=Lesotho Bureau of Statistics |accessdate=12 November 2016}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=Geography|last=Singh|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Odb1daYd0lAC&pg=SA12-PA64&dq=lesotho+geography&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_7o-CkLDQAhXMMY8KHeXqDloQ6AEIHjAB#v=onepage&q=lesotho%20geography&f=false|pages=12.64|publisher=Tata McGraw-Hill Education|isbn=9781259063213}} 8. ^{{cite web|publisher=Lesotho Bureau of Statistics|title= Tables A.6c and A.7c, Leribe Station, Tables_A_Geography.xls|format=XLS|year= 2008|accessdate=16 November 2016}} 9. ^{{cite web|publisher=Lesotho Bureau of Statistics|title= Table A.5c, Leribe Station, Tables_A_Geography.xls|format=XLS|year= 2008|accessdate=16 November 2016}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|publisher=Lesotho Bureau of Statistics|url=http://www.bos.gov.ls/Downloads.htm |title=Village List|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091113141727/http://www.bos.gov.ls/Downloads.htm |archive-date=13 November 2009|accessdate=16 November 2016}} 11. ^{{cite report|title=Lesotho’s local government system: A critical note on the structure and its implications for popular participation and service delivery |url=http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.528.8422&rep=rep1&type=pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=17 November 2016|first=Motlamelle Anthony|last= Kapa|publisher=Department of Political and International Studies,Rhodes University|page=8-12 }} 12. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.clgf.org.uk/default/assets/File/Country_profiles/Lesotho.pdf|title=Lesotho profile|format=PDf|accessdate=17 November 2016|publisher=CLGF}} External links{{Districts of Lesotho}}{{Coord|29|30|S|28|00|E|region:LS_type:adm1st|display=title}} 2 : Districts of Lesotho|Maseru District |
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