| 词条 | Sarah Jane Rees |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Sarah Jane Rees | honorific_suffix = | image =Sarah Jane Rees (Crangowen, 1839-1916) NLW3362516.jpg | image_size = 250px | alt = | caption = Rees circa 1875 | pronunciation = | birth_name = Sarah Jane Rees | birth_date ={{birth date|1839|1|9|df=yes}} | birth_place =Llangrannog, Wales | death_date ={{death date and age|1916|6|27|1839|1|9|df=y}} | death_place = Cilfynydd, Wales | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates= | burial_place = | burial_coordinates= | nationality = | ethnicity = | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = | years_active = | era = | employer = | organization = | known_for = | style = | home_town = | title = | movement = | boards = | religion = | parents = | relatives = | footnotes = }}Sarah Jane Rees (9 January 1839 – 27 June 1916), also known by her bardic name of "Cranogwen", was a Welsh teacher, poet, editor and temperance campaigner.[1] Early lifeSarah Jane Rees was born at Llangrannog in Cardiganshire, the daughter of a mariner John Rees, and received her early education at the village school.[2] She was a precocious child and insisted that she accompany her father to sea rather than undertake sewing and cooking chores which she hated.[3] However, this was not particularly unusual, as many wives and daughters accompanied men in local trade ships travelling up and down the coasts in family businesses. [4] She was initially educated in her local village by an old schoolmaster called Hugh Davies, who taught her both Latin and astronomy.[1][2] She later attended school in both Cardigan and New Quay, and for a time studied at a navigation school in London,[2] where she gained her master's certificate, a qualification allowing her to command a ship in any part of the world.[5] In 1859 Sarah Jane set up her own navigation school in her home village of Llangrannog.[6] CareerIn 1865, competing at Aberystwyth against men such as William Thomas (Islwyn), she won her first major Eisteddfod prize, for "Y Fodrwy Briodasal (The Wedding Ring)", in the "song" category.[2] A book of poems, Caniadau Cranogwen, followed this victory, in 1870.[7] In addition to teaching navigation and other subjects, she became editor of the Welsh-language women's periodical Y Frythones (1878–1889), a "platform for Welsh bluestockings and proto-suffragettes."[8][9] Rees had two significant same-sex relationships, previously described as a romantic friendship.[10] Her first was with Fanny Rees, a milliner's daughter from Troedyraur, near LLangrannog. Fanny contracted tuberculosis and returned to Wales around 1874 to die. She moved into Rees' home rather than that of her family, and died in her arms. So affected was Rees that for 12 years she was unable to put flowers on Fanny's grave, and she commemorated Fanny in one of her best-known poems, Fy Ffrynd (My Friend).[11] Her second relationship was with Jane Thomas, with whom she spent most of her life. Open about her unconventional domestic arrangement, Rees was nonetheless a committed Methodist, and toured giving lectures on education, temperance and other subjects. In 1869–1870, she toured the United States, addressing mainly Welsh immigrant communities as far west as California.[12] She was one of the founders of the South Wales Women's Temperance Union (UDMD), when it formed in 1901.[13] LegacyRees died at Cilfynydd[14] and was buried in the churchyard at St. Crannogs, her grave marked by a large and elaborate obelisk.[15][16] A shelter for homeless women and girls named "Lletty Cranogwen" was founded in the Rhondda valley in 1922, by the South Wales Women's Temperance Union, and named in memory of Rees' work to improve Welsh women's lives.[1][17] In 2019 she was among the five women short-listed as the subject for an artwork to be installed in Cardiff.[18] References1. ^1 2 {{cite web| url=https://biography.wales/article/s-REES-JAN-1839 |work=Welsh Biography Online|title=Rees, Sarah Jane|accessdate=31 January 2016}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://newspapers.library.wales/view/3413322/3413327/44/Cranogwen|title=Noted Welshwoman: Death of Cranogwen|accessdate=1 January 2016|date=30 June 1916|publisher=The Cambrian News}} 3. ^John (1991), p.80 4. ^ Shopland, Norena 'Cranogwen' from Forbidden Lives: LGBT stories from Wales Seren Books (2017) 5. ^Deirdre Beddoe: "Rees, Sarah Jane..." ODNB [https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/48648 Retrieved 9 January 2019.] 6. ^ Shopland, 2017 7. ^{{cite web|first=Phil |last=Carradice| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/wales/posts/Sarah-Jane-Rees-schoolteacher-and-poet |title=Sarah Jane Rees, Schoolteacher and Poet| publisher=BBC Wales | date=25 April 2013|accessdate=31 January 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sriBkaHhpREC&lpg=PA220&dq=Cranogwen&pg=PA220#v=onepage&q=Cranogwen&f=false |first=Geraint H. |last=Jenkins |title=A Concise History of Wales |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2007| page=220|isbn=9780521823678}} 9. ^"[https://books.google.com/books?id=f899xH_quaMC&lpg=PA1787&dq=Cranogwen&pg=PA1787#v=onepage&q=Cranogwen&f=false Welsh Women Writers (1700–2000)]," in John T. Koch, ed., Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO 2006): 1787. 10. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tIBnAAAAMAAJ& |first=Russell |last=Davies |title=Hope and Heartbreak: A Social History of Wales, 1776–1871 |publisher=University of Wales Press |location=Cardiff|year=2005| page= 320}} 11. ^Shopland, Norena 2017 12. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Md09AQAAIAAJ |first=David |last=Hughes |title=Welsh People in California, 1849–1906 |publisher=R & E Research Associates|year=1969| page= 119}} 13. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=uI62AAAAIAAJ& Deirdre Beddoe, Out of the Shadows: A History of Women in Twentieth-Century Wales] (University of Wales Press 2000): 38. 14. ^Obituary, Cymru 1914, 30 June 1916. Accessed 16 Sept 2014 15. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Np_H_j3hXUEC&lpg=PA30&dq=Cranogwen&pg=PA30#v=onepage&q=Cranogwen&f=false |first=David |last=Barnes |title=The Companion Guide to Wales |publisher=Companion Guides |year=2005| page=30|isbn=9781900639439}} 16. ^{{cite web|publisher=Ceredigion County Council |url=http://www.ceredigion.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid=8864 |title=Image of the Cranogwen Memorial at Llangrannog churchyard|accessdate=31 January 2016}} 17. ^Rhondda Cynon Taf Libraries Digital Archive, "Mrs M Griffiths JP, opening 'Lletty Cranogwen', 144 Kenry Street, Tonypandy, 21st June 1922" (photograph). 18. ^{{cite web |last1=Hitt |first1=Carolyn |title=Hidden Heroine: Could Cranogwen win statue? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-46508397 |website=BBC |accessdate=10 January 2019}} Bibliography
9 : 1839 births|1916 deaths|Welsh women poets|Welsh activists|British temperance activists|Welsh-language poets|Women editors|Welsh editors|People from Ceredigion |
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