| 词条 | Sarcophaga crassipalpis |
| 释义 |
| regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Diptera | familia = Sarcophagidae | genus = Sarcophaga | species = S. crassipalpis | binomial = Sarcophaga crassipalpis | binomial_authority = Macquart, 1839[1] }} Sarcophaga crassipalpis is a species of flesh flies (insects in the family Sarcophagidae. It is a common laboratory animal used in the study of gene expression and the study of diapause in insects.[2] Sarcophaga crassipalpis conforms to the basic bilateral symmetry body plan for arthropods and insects by possessing jointed-appendages, a sclerotized external cuticle, and an internal muscular system that functions as levers for movement.[3]The six legs possess a tarsus, or foot, with a pair of claws for gripping rough surfaces. Beneath the claws is a fleshy, glandular adhesive pad called a pulvillus, which is used on smooth surfaces.[4] Sarcophaga crassipalpis is an insect in the order Diptera, meaning “two-winged”. As with other flies, S. crassipalpis has one pair of wings used for flying. Posterior to the wings is a small pair of knob-like structures (called halteres), which function as organs of balance.[5]Like other dipterans, S. crassipalpis reproduces utilizing complete metamorphosis, i.e. the life cycle consists of the following stages: egg, larva (called a maggot), pupa, and adult. Most notably, S. crassipalpis will enter diapause under very specific environmental stimuli. Photoperiod exposure received by embryos in the uterus is one factor in initiating diapause.[6] It is sensitive to specific environmental stimuli in its early larval stage and then enters diapause as a pupa. Sarcophaga crassipalpis enters an overwintering pupal diapause in response to cues of a short day-length received during late embryonic and early larval life.[7] Diapause in S. crassipalpis is not a complete cessation of gene expression. It is a separate developmental pathway that is expressed by another set of genes.[2] It lays its eggs in open flesh wounds, typically the wounds of livestock.[8] Pesticides have been designed to interfere with the normal development, killing only larva.[9] References1. ^{{ITIS |id=152063 |taxon=Sarcophaga crassipalpis}} 2. ^1 {{cite journal |doi=10.1073/pnas.95.10.5616 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=95 |pages=5616–5620 |year=1998 |title=Diapause-specific gene expression in pupae of the flesh fly Sarcophaga crassipalpis |author=Roland F. Flannagan |author2=Steven P. Tammariello |author3=Karl H. Joplin|author4=Rebecca A. Cikra-Ireland |author5=George D. Yokum |author6=David L. Denlinger |last-author-amp=yes |url=http://www.pnas.org/content/95/10/5616.abstract |issue=10|pmc=20427 }} 3. ^{{cite book |title=On the origin of phyla |author=James W. Valentine |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-226-84548-6 |pages=614 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DMBkmHm5fe4C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=&f=false}} 4. ^http://www.everythingabout.net/articles/biology/animals/arthropods/insects/flies/ 5. ^http://www.flycontrol.novartis.com/species/en/index.shtml Fly Control in livestock and Poultry, 12/27/2009 6. ^Induction and Termination of Pupal Diapause in Sarcophaga (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)David L. DenlingerBiological Bulletin, Vol. 142, No. 1 (Feb., 1972), pp. 11-24(article consists of 14 pages)Published by: Marine Biological Laboratoryhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1540242 7. ^{{cite book |title=The Insects; Structure and Function |edition=4th |author=R. F. Chapman |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1998 |isbn=0-521-57048-4 |pages=404}} 8. ^{{cite news |title=Total recoil: Survival of the primmest |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/mind/articles/emotions/disgust.shtml |accessdate=December 23, 2009 |publisher=BBC}} 9. ^http://www.flycontrol.novartis.com/species/en/index.shtml External links
3 : Sarcophagidae|Insects described in 1839|Animal models |
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