| 词条 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad |
| 释义 |
| name = First Launch Pad | site = Satish Dhawan Space Centre | location = {{Coord|13.733|N|80.235|E}} | short = FLP | operator = {{Flagicon|India}} ISRO | paddetails = | status = Active | launches = 36 | first = 20 September 1993 | first_details = PSLV / IRS-P1 | last = 24 January 2019 | last_details = PSLV-DL / PSLV-C44 | rockets = PSLV GSLV |image=PSLV C-35 at the launch pad.jpg|caption=PSLV C35 on First Launch Pad}} The First Launch Pad[1] of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre is a rocket launch site in Sriharikota, India that began operation in 1993. It is currently used by two launch vehicles of the ISRO: the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV). It is one of two operational orbital launch pads at the site, the other being the Second Launch Pad,[2] which opened in 2005. The first launch from this pad occurred on 20 September 1993, and was the maiden flight of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle carrying the IRS-1E satellite. Launches{{Main|List of Satish Dhawan Space Centre launches}}As of November 2013, 19 PSLVs (1 Failure, 1 Partial Success & 17 Fully Successful)[3] and 3 GSLVs (1 Failure & 2 Fully Successful) have been launched from here. The latest one was the successful launch of PSLV-C33 on 28 April 2016 carrying IRNSS-1G, India's seventh and last satellite of the Indian Regional Navigational system Satellites. Prime Minister Narendra Modi gave a brief speech about the launch. Facilities"The individual stages of PSLV or GSLV, their subsystems and the spacecraft are prepared and checked out in separate facilities before they are sent to launch pad for integration A-76-meter tall mobile service tower (MST) facilitates the vertical integration of the vehicle. The foldable working platforms of MST provide access to the vehicle at various elevations. A massive launch pedestal, made up of steel plates, acts as the base on which the vehicle is integrated."[4] "The spacecraft is integrated to the vehicle in a clean room, set up inside the MST. However, in the case of GSLV, the spacecraft is interfaced with the payload adopter and then encapsulated in the heat shield in the preparation facility itself. The encapsulated assembly is moved to the launch pad for integrating with the 3rd stage of GSLV. The umbilical tower houses the feed lines for liquid propellants and high-pressure gases, checkout cables, and chilled air duct for supplying cool air to the satellite and equipment bay."[4] The first launch pad is undergoing major expansion with PIF (PSLV Integration Facilities) project worth {{INRConvert|475|c|lk=on}} . Once complete, the first launch pad is expected to cater to around 15 launches per year. [5]References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.isro.org/GroundFacilities/launchfacility.aspx|title=Launch Facility|publisher=Indian Space Research Organisation|accessdate=11 April 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100417071046/http://www.isro.org/GroundFacilities/launchfacility.aspx|archivedate=17 April 2010|df=dmy-all}} {{Satish Dhawan Space Centre}}{{Indian space programme}}{{Use Indian English|date=January 2014}}2. ^{{cite news | url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/article1481646.ece | title=ISRO planning big missions this year | work=New Indian Express | date=2013-02-28 | agency=The New Indian Express | accessdate=6 March 2013 | location=Kerala, India}} 3. ^See the Wikipedian page List of Satish Dhawan Space Centre launches 4. ^1 Public domain text sourced from the link - [https://web.archive.org/web/20090816101611/http://www.isro.org/GroundFacilities/launchfacility.aspx ISRO Launch Facilities] 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.prajasakti.com/Article/Nellor/2004423 |title=PIF Project |publisher=Prajasakti}} 4 : Space programme of India|Rocket launch sites in India|Satish Dhawan Space Centre|1993 establishments in India |
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