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词条 Matthew (ship)
释义

  1. History

  2. Replica

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

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Ship image=The Mathew cruising Cardiff Bay (2799993543).jpgShip image size=200pxShip caption=A replica of The Matthew in Cardiff Bay
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}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship class=Ship type=replica caravelShip tonnage=Ship displacement= 85Ship tons burthen= 5078|ft|m|abbr=on}}20|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}72.5|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}7|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}Ship draft=Ship depth=Ship hold depth=Ship decks= 2Ship deck clearance=Ship ramps=Ship ice class=Ship power= 200hp Caterpillar 3116Ship propulsion= sail, engineShip sail plan= caravelShip speed=Ship range=Ship endurance=Ship test depth=Ship boats=Ship capacity=Ship troops=Ship complement=Ship crew=Ship time to activate=Ship sensors=Ship EW=Ship armament=Ship armour=Ship aircraft=Ship aircraft facilities=Ship notes=
}}

The Matthew is a replica of a caravel[1] sailed by John Cabot in 1497 from Bristol to North America, presumably Newfoundland. After a voyage which had got no further than Iceland, Cabot left again with only one vessel, the Matthew, a small ship (50 tons), but fast and able. The crew consisted of only 18 men. The Matthew departed either 2 May or 20 May 1497. He sailed to Dursey Head (latitude 51°36N), Ireland, from where he sailed due west, expecting to reach Asia. However, landfall was reached in North America on 24 June 1497. His precise landing place is a matter of much controversy, with Cape Bonavista or St. John's in Newfoundland the most likely sites.

Cabot went ashore to take possession of the land, and explored the coast for some time, probably departing on 20 July. On the homeward voyage his sailors incorrectly thought they were going too far north, so Cabot sailed a more southerly course, reaching Brittany instead of England. On 6 August he arrived back in Bristol.

History

Lack of clear documentation has been a problem in studying the history of Matthew. Even its name has been questioned, with some authors suggesting that it was actually named Mattea after Cabot's wife.[2] Until the 1950s, all that was known about its size is that it was a small ship carrying about 18 men, but the discovery of a letter from a Bristol merchant named John Day written in 1497 saying that "in his voyage he had only one ship of fifty 'toneles' and twenty men and food for seven or eight months" provided more certainty about its size.[3] The age of the ship is also uncertain. The name Matthew does not appear in the 1492/3 customs accounts, so it was either fairly new or an older ship renamed or a foreign ship. It has been suggested that it probably was an ordinary Bristol merchant ship hired for the occasion. The name Matthew appears in documents in 1503/04 and 1510/11 but in a 1513 survey there is reference to a 'new Matthew' and references to this ship afterward leave out the 'new' suggesting that Cabot's Matthew no longer existed.[3]

Replica

To celebrate the 500th anniversary of Cabot's voyage, a replica of Matthew was built in Bristol by Storms'l Services, a precursor of the Bristol Classic Boat Company. The design was by naval architect Colin Mudie. She was dedicated in a ceremony during the first International Festival of the Sea, held in Bristol's Floating Harbour in 1996. The next year, she reconstructed Cabot's original journey on the 500th anniversary of the landmark voyage. On 24 June 1997 the replica of Matthew was welcomed into port at Bonavista by Queen Elizabeth II.

The full-size replica[4] is {{convert|78|ft|m|abbr=on}} in length overall with a beam of {{convert|20|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}} with a draft of {{convert|7|ft|m|abbr=on}} and {{convert|2360|sqft|m2|0|abbr=on}} of sail.[5]

On 29 February 2012 Matthews ownership was transferred to The Matthew of Bristol Trust, and she was relocated to her new home outside Bristol's M Shed museum.[6]

In June 2012 she took part in the Queen's Diamond Jubilee pageant on the River Thames.[7]

See also

  • Ship replica (including a list of replicas)

References

1. ^Also spelled Mathew at the time.
2. ^Wilson, Ian John Cabot and the Matthew Breakwater Books 2001 {{ISBN|978-1-55081-131-5}} p.22 [https://books.google.com/books?id=_lvr4WKU2YkC&pg=PA22&lpg=PA22&dq=cabot+ship+matthew+name+wife&source=bl&ots=IKQkVfXfpT&sig=2zS50KHg-Z7hjK_tME0C50mMmYQ&hl=en&ei=SMD-SaSlB-HOjAeli-GeAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5]
3. ^1 'Jones, Evan "The Matthew of Bristol and the financiers of John Cabot’s 1497 Voyage to North America" English Historical Review Vol. CXXI No. 492 (2006)'
4. ^{{cite web | title=Building the Matthew | work=The Matthew of Bristol | url=http://www.matthew.co.uk/building.php | accessdate=26 October 2008 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080807013049/http://www.matthew.co.uk/building.php | archivedate=7 August 2008 | df=dmy-all }}
5. ^{{cite web|title=The Matthew Statistics |work=The Matthew of Bristol |url=http://www.matthew.co.uk/ship_statistics/statistics.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060112195828/http://www.matthew.co.uk/ship_statistics/statistics.html |archivedate=12 January 2006 |accessdate=20 August 2006 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
6. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.thisisbristol.co.uk/New-trust-takes-helm-replica-Matthew/story-15350416-detail/story.html |title=New trust takes the helm of replica Matthew |newspaper=Bristol Evening Post |date=29 February 2012 |accessdate=29 February 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302225239/http://www.thisisbristol.co.uk/New-trust-takes-helm-replica-Matthew/story-15350416-detail/story.html |archivedate=2 March 2012 |df=dmy-all }}
7. ^{{cite web|title=Bristol celebrates Queen's Diamond Jubilee |website=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-18297797 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606002039/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-18297797 |archivedate=6 June 2012 |accessdate=6 May 2012 |deadurl=yes |df= }}

External links

{{Commons category|Matthew (ship, 1996)|The Matthew}}
  • Cabot's Voyage of 1497
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/19980624043147/http://www.matthew.co.uk/ 'Official site of the 'replica' of The Matthew of Bristol']
  • 'The Matthew Project' – This project follow the process of the development and building of a scaled model of the Matthew built and moored in Bonavista, Newfoundland for Matthew Legacy Inc.
  • "Ye Matthew Legacy" – Official site of The Matthew Legacy Inc.
  • {{EW charity|1139058|The Matthew of Bristol Trust}}
{{coord|51.4494|-2.6080|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2013}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Matthew (Ship)}}

8 : Age of Discovery|Replica ships|Ships built in Bristol|Tourist attractions in Bristol|Bristol Harbourside|1996 ships|History of the Atlantic Ocean|Age of Discovery ships
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