| 词条 | Schmidtea mediterranea |
| 释义 |
| name = Schmidtea mediterranea | image = Smed.jpg | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Platyhelminthes | classis = Rhabditophora | ordo = Tricladida | familia = Dugesiidae | genus = Schmidtea | species = S. mediterranea | binomial = Schmidtea mediterranea | binomial_authority = Benazzi, Baguñà, Ballester, Puccinelli & Del Papa, 1975 | synonyms =
| range_map = Smed distribution.png | range_map_caption = Distribution of S. mediterranea (Western Mediterranean)[1] }}Schmidtea mediterranea is a freshwater triclad that lives in southern Europe and Tunisia.[2] It is a model for regeneration, stem cells and development of tissues such as the brain and germline.[3][4] DistributionSchmidtea mediterranea is found in some coastal areas and islands in the Western Mediterranean: Catalonia, Menorca, Mallorca, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and Tunisia.[2][5][6][7][8]EcologyHigh water temperatures (25-27 °C) have deleterous effects on S. mediterranea populations, while variations in the pH of the water (6.9-8.9) don’t seem to have an important influence on the survival of this species.[2] S. mediterranea can be found with associated fauna such as gastropods, bivalves, insects, leeches, and nematodes.[2]ReproductionThe sexual specimens of Schmidtea mediterranea produce cocoons between November and April. In May, when water temperature rises above 20 °C, they lose their reproductive apparatus. Despite this, they don’t reproduce asexually (by fissiparity) during the summer months.[2] ResearchAlmost any piece from a Schmidtea mediterranea individual can regenerate an entire organism in a few days.[5] This is in part enabled by the presence of abundant pluripotent stem cells[9] called neoblasts. An analysis of the genome of S. mediterranea indicated the presence of a previously unknown family of long terminal repeats and the lack of several essential genes, including genes responsible for the synthesis of fatty acids and the MAD1 and MAD2 genes, which were thought to be essential components of the spindle assembly checkpoint.[10] References1. ^E.M. Lazaro, A.H. Harrath, G.A. Stocchino, M. Pala, J. Baguna, M. Riutort, Schmidtea mediterranea phylogeography: an old species surviving on a few Mediterranean islands?, BMC Evolutionary Biology. 11 (2011) 274. 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |author=Abdel Halim Harrath, Mohamed Charni, Ronald Sluys, Fathia Zghal & Saida Tekaya |title=Ecology and distribution of the freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea in Tunisia |journal=Italian Journal of Zoology |volume=71 |issue=3 |year=2004 |pages=233–236 |doi=10.1080/11250000409356577}} 3. ^Salo E, Baguñà J: Regeneration in planarians and other worms: New findings, new tools, and new perspectives. Journal of Experimental Zoology 2002, 292(6):528-539. 4. ^Reddien PW, Sanchez-Alvarado A: Fundamentals of planarian regeneration. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2004, 20:725-757. 5. ^1 Benazzi M, Baguñà J, Ballester R, Puccinelli I, Papa RD: Further Contribution to the Taxonomy of the Dugesia lugubris-polychroa Group with Description of Dugesia mediterranea n. sp. (Tricladida, Paludicola). Bolletino di zoologia 1975, 42(1):81-89. 6. ^Ribas M: Cariologia, sistematica i biogeografia de les Planaries d'aigues dolces al Països Catalans. 1990. 7. ^Baguñà J. Carranza S, Pala M, Ribera C, Giribet G, Arnedo M, Ribas M, Riutort M: From morphology and kariology to molecules. New methods for taxonomical identification of asexual populations of freshwater planarians. A tribute to Professor Mario Benazzi. Italian Journal of Zoology 1999, 66:207-214. 8. ^De Vries EJ, Baguñà J, Ball IR: Chromosomal polymorphism in planarians and the plate tectonics of the western Mediterranean. Genetica 1984, 62:187-191. 9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Wagner|first=Daniel E.|last2=Wang|first2=Irving E.|last3=Reddien|first3=Peter W.|date=2011-05-13|title=Clonogenic Neoblasts Are Pluripotent Adult Stem Cells That Underlie Planarian Regeneration|url=http://science.sciencemag.org/content/332/6031/811|journal=Science|language=en|volume=332|issue=6031|pages=811–816|doi=10.1126/science.1203983|issn=0036-8075|pmc=3338249|pmid=21566185}} 10. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Grohme | first1 = M. A. | last2 = Schloissnig | first2 = S. | last3 = Rozanski | first3 = A. | last4 = Pippel | first4 = M. | last5 = Young | first5 = G. R. | last6 = Winkler | first6 = S. | last7 = Brandl | first7 = H. | last8 = Henry | first8 = I. | last9 = Dahl | first9 = A. | last10 = Powell | first10 = S. | last11 = Hiller | first11 = M. | last12 = Myers | first12 = E. | last13 = Rink | first13 = J. C. | title = The genome of Schmidtea mediterranea and the evolution of core cellular mechanisms | journal = Nature | doi = 10.1038/nature25473 | year = 2018}} External links
3 : Dugesiidae|Animal models|Animals described in 1975 |
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