| 词条 | Scione |
| 释义 |
Scione was founded {{circa|700 BCE}} by settlers from Achaea;[2] the Scionaeans claimed their ancestors settled the place when their ships were blown there by the storm that caught the Achaeans on their way back from Troy.[3] It "was situated on one summit of a two-crested hill and on the slopes toward the sea... The hill with the fortifications and the pottery fragments constituted the acropolis of ancient Scione and the hill beyond was that on which the defenders encamped 'before the city.'"[4] Its moment of historical importance came during the Peloponnesian War, when just after the truce between Sparta and Athens in early 423 BCE, Scione revolted against Athens and was encouraged by the Spartan general Brasidas with promises of support. The Athenians sent a fleet to retake Mende and Scione; after securing the former, they besieged Scione. In the summer of 421 they finally succeeding in reducing it; they put the adult males to death, enslaved the women and children, and gave the land to Plataea, an ally of Athens.[5] Tim Rood writes that "Thucydides lets us feel Skione's thirst for freedom," and says the result of his account "is not criticism of Skione's folly, but pathos."[6] W. Robert Connor says that "the ultimate destruction of Scione was one of the most notorious events in the war, and almost any Greek reader would know of its fate."[7] By the time of the Roman Empire, Scione had "almost vanished out of existence."[8]. However, according to recent surveys, Scione survived in the Roman (imperial) period as a vicus of the Roman colony of Cassandreia. [9] Scione is mentioned by Roman-era geographers Pomponius Mela,[10] Strabo,[11] and Pliny the Elder.[12] The site of Scione is {{Convert|2|miles}} southeast of the modern Nea Skione.[13] References1. ^Hubert Cancik, Helmuth Schneider, David E. Orton (eds), Brill's New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World, Vol. 13 (Brill, 2008: {{ISBN|90-04-14218-5}}), p. 93. {{DGRG|title=Scione}}2. ^N. G. L. Hammond, A History of Macedonia, Vol. 1: Historical Geography and Prehistory (Clarendon Press, 1972), p. 426. 3. ^{{Cite Thucydides|4.120}} 4. ^B. D. Meritt, "Scione, Mende and Torone," American Journal of Archaeology 27 (1923): 447-60, p. 451. 5. ^{{Cite Thucydides|5.32}} 6. ^Tim Rood, Thucydides: Narrative and Explanation (Oxford University Press US, 1998: {{ISBN|0-19-815256-6}}), p. 77. 7. ^W. Robert Connor, Thucydides (Princeton University Press, 1987: {{ISBN|0-691-10239-2}}), p. 136. 8. ^James S. Reid, The Municipalities of the Roman Empire (The University Press, 1913), p. 395. 9. ^ D. C. Samsaris, The Roman Colony of Cassandreia in Macedonia (Colonia Iulia Augusta Cassandrensis), Dodona 16(1), 1987, p. 382 10. ^{{Cite Mela|2.2.11}} 11. ^{{Cite Strabo|vii p. 330}} 12. ^{{Cite Pliny|4.17}} 13. ^{{Cite DARE|32403}} See also
External links
7 : Populated places in ancient Macedonia|Cities in ancient Macedonia|Geography of ancient Chalcidice|Greek colonies in Chalcidice|Achaean colonies|Members of the Delian League|Former populated places in Greece |
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