| 词条 | Maurice Halperin |
| 释义 |
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada | death_cause =Stroke | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | residence = | nationality = | other_names = | known_for = | education = | employer = | occupation = | title = | salary = | networth = | height = | weight = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | boards = | religion = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }} Maurice Hyman Halperin (March 3, 1906 – February 9, 1995) was an American writer, professor, diplomat, and accused Soviet spy (NKVD code name "Hare"). BiographyHalperin was born on March 3, 1906.{{where|date=February 2018}} He studied Latin American issues. In 1935, he traveled to Cuba with the League of American Writers to investigate possible human rights abuses. Sometime during this period, Halperin joined the Communist Party of the USA (CPUSA). In the late summer of 1941, Halperin went to work in the Office of the Coordinator of Information which later became the Research Division of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), itself a forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency. Halperin became head of the Latin American Research and Analysis Division and special assistant to Duncan Lee. During this period, he may have become an espionage agent and agreed to provide intelligence for the Joseph Stalin-era Soviet intelligence service, the NKVD. Halperin's NKVD codename was "Hare." He became a member of the Golos spy network operated by the NKVD's chief of American operations Gaik Ovakimian. With access to the OSS cable room, Halperin could secure copies of secret U.S. reports from any part of the world. Through the Golos spy network, Halperin provided Soviet intelligence with a large quantity of sensitive U.S. diplomatic dispatches, including reports from Ambassador John Gilbert Winant in London on the position of the Polish government-in-exile towards negotiations with Stalin, Turkey's foreign policy toward Romania, the State Department's instructions to the U.S. Ambassador to Spain, the U.S. embassy in Morocco's reports on that country's government, reports on the U.S. government's relationship with Vichy and Free French factions and persons in exile, reports of peace feelers from dissident Germans passed to the Vatican, U.S. attitudes towards Josip Broz Tito's Communist Front activities in Yugoslavia, and discussions between the Greek government and the United States regarding Soviet ambitions in the Balkans. Halperin also distorted OSS reports with false information in order to reflect the views of Stalin, the Soviet Union, and the Communist Party of the United States. Bentley allegationsIn 1945, defecting Soviet espionage courier Elizabeth Bentley told agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) that from 1942 to 1944, when he was an official of the OSS, Haperin delivered "to Mary Price and later to myself mimeographed bulletins and reports prepared by OSS on a variety of topics and also supplied excerpts from State Department cables to which he evidently had access." She added that "some time early in 1945 'JACK', [Soviet agent Joseph Katz][1] the Russian contact at that time, told me that Halperin had been accused by General William Donovan ] [head of OSS] of being a Soviet agent..."[2] The next day, the FBI notified Harry S. Truman's White House that "according to a "highly confidential source," among those "employed by the government of the United States" who "have been furnishing data and information to persons outside the Federal government, who are in turn transmitting this information to espionage agents of the Soviet government," was "Maurice Halperin, Office of Strategic Services." Subsequent surveillance of Halperin disclosed that he was in contact with Nathan Gregory Silvermaster, Lauchlin Currie, Philip and Mary Jane Keeney, and others. After the OSS was dissolved in 1945, Halperin transferred to the State Department and worked as an adviser to United States Secretary of State Dean Acheson on Latin American affairs. Halperin was an advisor to the United Nations at the first conference in San Francisco. He resigned from the State Department in 1946 to take the position of chair of Latin American studies at Boston University. In 1953, after Soviet cables were secretly decrypted by U.S. counter-intelligence, Maurice Halperin was called before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee to defend himself on charges of espionage. Halperin denied the charges, but nevertheless fled to Mexico and then, to avoid extradition,{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} to the Soviet Union. Among the friends he made there was the British defector, Donald Maclean as well as Cuban revolutionary leader Che Guevara. Disenchanted with communism in the Soviet Union, Halperin accepted Guevara's invitation to come to Havana in 1962. There he worked for the Fidel Castro government for five years before political tensions forced him to leave for Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He became there a political science professor at Simon Fraser University, and wrote several books critical of Castro's government and the socio-political situation in Cuba. He died in Canada on February 9, 1995.[3] LegacyAfter Halperin's death, the release of the Venona project decryptions of coded Soviet cables, as well as information gleaned from Soviet KGB archives, revealed that Halperin was involved in espionage activities on behalf of the Soviet Union while serving in an official capacity with the United States government.[4][5][6] See also
Publications
Sources1. ^{{cite book |title=The FBI-KGB War: A Special Agent's Story |last1=Lamphere |first1=Robert J. |author2=Tom Shachtman |year=1995 |publisher=Mercer University Press |location=Atlanta |isbn=0-86554-477-8 |page=296 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IB_ShD9fTcsC |accessdate=}} 2. ^Statement of Elizabeth Terrill Bentley, November 30, 1945, FBI file: Silvermaster, Vol. 6, pp. 33–34 (PDF pp. 34–35) 3. ^{{cite news |first= James C.|last= McKinley Jr|title= Maurice Halperin, 88, a Scholar Who Chronicled Castro's Career |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE2DD1F3CF931A25751C0A963958260 |quote=Maurice H. Halperin, an exiled American scholar and former intelligence official whose books chronicled the career of Fidel Castro, died Friday at Royal Columbia Hospital outside Vancouver, British Columbia, a friend, Lenard Cohen, said. He was 88 years old and had lived in Canada since 1968. |publisher=New York Times |date=February 12, 1995 |accessdate=2008-05-11 }} 4. ^Return to Responses, Reflections and Occasional Papers {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070721140118/http://www.johnearlhaynes.org/page45.html |date=July 21, 2007 }} 5. ^Schecter, Jerrold and Leona, Sacred Secrets: How Soviet Intelligence Operations Changed American History, Potomac Press, 2002 6. ^Haynes, John Earl & Klehr, Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America, Yale University Press, 2000 Further reading
External links
14 : 1906 births|1995 deaths|Members of the Communist Party USA|American spies for the Soviet Union|World War II spies for the Soviet Union|American male writers|American diplomats|Latin Americanists|Boston University faculty|Simon Fraser University faculty|American people in the Venona papers|People of the Office of Strategic Services|20th-century American writers|American expatriates in Cuba |
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