| 词条 | Mawtini | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|title = موطني |transcription = Mawṭinī |english_title = My Homeland |image = |caption = |prefix = National |country = {{IRQ}} 'De facto national anthem of {{Flag|Palestine}} |author = ʾIbrāhīm Ṭūqān |lyrics_date = 1934 |music_date = 1934 |adopted = 1936 (by Palestine) 2004 (by Iraq) |composer = Muḥammid Flayfil |predecessor = ʾArḍ ul-Furātayn (Iraq) |successor = "Fidāʾī" (Palestine) |sound = Iraqi national anthem, performed by the U.S. Navy Band.wav |sound_title = "Mawṭinī" (instrumental) }} "Mawṭinī" ({{lang-ar|موطني|lit=My Homeland}}) is the national anthem of Iraq. Adopted in 2004, the song is also the de facto national anthem of Palestine since the 1930s, it was adopted during the 1936-1939 Arab revolt in Palestine.[1][2] History{{National anthems of Iraq}}It is a popular poem written by the Palestinian poet ʾIbrāhīm Ṭūqān c. 1934 and composed by the Lebanese composer Muḥammid Flayfil. It served as Palestine's de facto national anthem since it was written and until 1996 when it was officially replaced by "Fidā’ī". However, Palestinians still identify with it along with Fida'i.[3] In 2004, it was re-adopted as Iraq's national anthem, allegedly on the suggestion of Coalition Provisional Authority chief Paul Bremer[4] as the national anthem of Iraq. It replaced "Mawṭinī" (of no relation to the current national anthem), which in turn replaced the old national anthem "Arḍulfurātayni", which was in use from 1981 to 2004 and associated with Saddam Hussein's Ba'athist regime.[5] BackgroundDuring the late 1950s and early 1960s, after it became a republic, Iraq used a national anthem also called "Mawṭinī", composed by Lewis Zanbaka.[6] Though it shares the same name as the current Iraqi national anthem, it is a different song altogether.[6] Unlike the current Iraqi national anthem, this version is instrumental and has no lyrics.[7][6] After Iraq's Ba'athist regime was deposed in 2003, the old "Mawṭinī" formerly used as the Iraqi national anthem during the late 1950s and early 1960s was brought back and used temporarily as an interim national anthem[6] until it was replaced by the current "Mawṭinī" in 2004. LyricsArabic lyrics
Kurdish lyricsEnglish translation
See also{{Portal|Middle East|Palestine|Iraq|Music}}
References1. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.nationalanthems.info/ps.htm|title= National Anthems}} 2. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.paljourneys.org/en/story/9503/song-inspired-arab-world|title= The song that inspired the Arab world}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Wills|first1=Emily Regan|title=Discourses and Differences: Situating Pro-Palestine Activism in Discursive Context|journal=Theory in Action|date=July 2016|volume=9|issue=3|pages=48-71}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=Iraq aims to unite with new national anthem, flag|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2012/Sep-24/189006-iraq-aims-to-unite-with-new-national-anthem-flag.ashx#ixzz27Khy2Axp|accessdate=1 October 2012|newspaper=The Daily Star|date=September 24, 2012}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://nationalanthems.me/iraq-mawtini|title=Iraq - Mawtini|publisher=NationalAnthems.me|accessdate=2011-11-05}} 6. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|first1=Edward|last1=Schaffer|first2=Jan|last2=Scotland|first3=Reinhard|last3=Popp|url=http://www.nationalanthems.info/iq-65.htm|title=Iraq (1958-1965, 2003-2004)|date=2017|access-date=November 30, 2017|work=National Anthems|quote=Immediately after the fall of the Sadam Hussein government in 2003, 'Mawtini' was used again for a brief time as an interim anthem until a new one was adopted. (The title of this anthem is identical to the title of the anthem that replaced it in 2004).|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042916/http://www.nationalanthems.info/iq-65.htm|archivedate=December 1, 2017|df=}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/one-last-chance-002300729--oly.html|title=One last chance|publisher=Yahoo!|work=Yahoo! Sports|first=Dan|last=Wetzel|date=August 24, 2004|access-date=December 4, 2017|quote=The song is 'My Country.' It is relatively short, contains no words and was composed by a man named Lewis Zanbaka...}} 8. ^{{citeweb|url=http://www.schoolarabia.net/asasia/duroos_5_6/arabi/mouteny/mouteny_1.htm|title=نشيد مَوطِني|website=المدرسة العربية الالكترونية|date=April 2003}} 9. ^{{citeweb|url=http://www.m.ahewar.org/s.asp?aid=541765&r=0|title=سمير الرسام - النشيد الوطني العراقي - موطني بحلته الجديدة - الحوار المتمدن|website=Ahewar|date=December 18, 2016}} 10. ^{{citeweb|url=http://www.xpace.info/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Project_Space_Maw6ini-.pdf|title=Maw6ini|website=Xpace Cultural Centre|date=June 29, 2018}} 11. ^{{citeweb|url=https://bethbc.edu/blog/2015/11/28/my-homeland-the-youth-will-not-tire-till-your-independence/|title=My Homeland: “The Youth will not tire, 'till your independence!”|website=Bethlehem Bible College|date=November 28, 2015}} External links{{Wikisource|My Homeland}}{{Commons category|Mawtini}}
5 : Iraqi music|National symbols of Iraq|Asian anthems|National symbols of the Palestinian National Authority|National anthem compositions in E minor |
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