| 词条 | Andrew Vachss |
| 释义 |
|name=Andrew Vachss |image=Andrew Vachss.jpg |birth_date={{Birth date and age|1942|10|19|df=yes}} |birth_place=NY, USA |language=English |citizenship=USA |website={{URL|vachss.com}} |genre=Crime novel |occupation=Juvenile lawyer, crime writer }}Andrew Henry Vachss (born October 19, 1942) is an American crime fiction author, child protection consultant, and attorney exclusively representing children and youths.[1] Vachss' last name rhymes with "tax".[2] He grew up in Manhattan on the Lower West Side.[3] BiographyBefore becoming a lawyer, Vachss held many front-line positions in child protection.[4] He was a federal investigator in sexually transmitted diseases, and a New York City social-services caseworker. He worked in Biafra,[5] entering the war zone just before the fall of the country.[6] There he worked to find a land route to bring donated food and medical supplies across the border[7] after the seaports were blocked and Red Cross airlifts banned by the Nigerian government;[8] however, all attempts ultimately failed, resulting in rampant starvation.[9] After he returned and recovered from his injuries, including malaria and malnutrition,[10] Vachss studied community organizing in 1970 under Saul Alinsky.[6] He worked as a labor organizer and ran a self-help center for urban migrants in Chicago.[11] He then managed a re-entry program for ex-convicts in Massachusetts, and finally directed a maximum-security prison for violent juvenile offenders.[12] As an attorney, Vachss represents only children and adolescents.[13] In addition to his private practice, he serves as a law guardian in New York state. In every child abuse or neglect case,[14] state law requires the appointment of a law guardian, a lawyer who represents the child's interests during the legal proceedings.[15] WritingsAndrew Vachss is the author of 33 novels and three collections of short stories, as well as poetry, plays, song lyrics, and graphic novels.[16] As a novelist, he is perhaps best known for his Burke series of hardboiled mysteries; Another Life[17] constituted the finale to the series.[18] After completing the Burke novels, Vachss began two new series. Vachss released the first novel in the Dell & Dolly trilogy, entitled Aftershock, in 2013.[19] The second novel, Shockwave, was released in 2014,[20] and Signwave, the final book, was published in June 2015.[21] Radically departing from Vachss' familiar urban settings, the trilogy focuses on Dell, a former soldier and assassin, and Dolly, a former nurse with Doctors Without Borders and the love of Dell's life. While living in the Pacific Northwest, Dell and Dolly use their war-honed skills to maintain a "heads on stakes" barrier against the predators who use their everyday positions in the community as camouflage in order to attack the vulnerable.[22] The Cross series uses distinctive supernatural aspects to further explore Vachss' argument that society's failure to protect its children is the greatest threat to the human species. In 2012, Vachss' published Blackjack: A Cross Novel,[23] featuring the mercenary Cross Crew, introduced in earlier Vachss short stories as Chicago's most-feared criminal gang. Urban Renewal, the second novel in the Cross series, came out in 2014.[24] The third in the series, Drawing Dead, was released in 2016. In addition to the Aftershock, Burke, and Cross series, Vachss has written several stand-alone works. The first novel he published outside the Burke series was Shella. Released in 1993, Shella was the most polarizing of his works in terms of critical response.[25] Vachss often referred to Shella as his "beloved orphan"[26] until the 2004 release of The Getaway Man,[27] a tribute to the Gold Medal paperback originals of the 1960s. In 2005, Vachss released the epic Two Trains Running,[28] a novel which takes place entirely during a two-week span in 1959, a critical period in American history. In form, Two Trains Running presents as a work composed entirely of transcribed surveillance tapes,[29] akin to a collage film constructed only of footage from a single source. His 2009 novel, Haiku,[30] focuses on the troubled lives of a band of homeless men in New York City, struggling to connect with and protect each other. In 2010, Vachss published two books: his novel The Weight,[31] is a noir romance involving a professional thief and a young widow in hiding. Heart Transplant,[32] an illustrated novel in an experimental design, tells the story of an abused and bullied young boy who finds his inner strength with the help of an unexpected mentor. That's How I Roll,[33] released in 2012, chronicles the death-row narrative of a hired killer as he reveals the secrets of his past, both horrifying and tender. Vachss has collaborated on works with authors Jim Colbert (Cross, 1995)[34] and Joe R. Lansdale (Veil's Visit, 1999).[35] He has also created illustrated works with artists Frank Caruso (Heart Transplant, 2010)[36] and Geof Darrow (Another Chance to Get It Right, 1993;[37] The Shaolin Cowboy Adventure Magazine, 2014).[38] Vachss' latest graphic novel, Underground, was released in November 2014.[39] Vachss has also written non-fiction, including numerous articles and essays on child protection[40] and a book on juvenile criminology.[41] His books have been translated into 20 languages, and his shorter works have appeared in many publications, including Parade, Antaeus, Esquire, Playboy, and The New York Times.[42] Vachss' literary awards include the Grand Prix de Littérature Policière for Strega [as La Sorcière de Brooklyn]; the Falcon Award, Maltese Falcon Society of Japan, for Strega; the Deutscher Krimi Preis for Flood [as Kata]; and the Raymond Chandler Award for his body of work. Andrew Vachss is a member of PEN and the Writers Guild of America. His autobiographical essay was added by invitation to Contemporary Authors in 2003. Child protectionMany of Vachss' novels feature the shadowy, unlicensed investigator Burke, an ex-con, career criminal, and deeply conflicted character. About his protagonist, Vachss says: {{quotation|If you look at Burke closely, you'll see the prototypical abused child: hypervigilant, distrustful. He's so committed to his family of choice—not his DNA-biological family, which tortured him, or the state which raised him, but the family that he chose—that homicide is a natural consequence of injuring any of that family. He's not a hit man. But he shares the same religion I do, which is revenge.|Andrew Vachss, Horror Online, May 1999.[43]}}Vachss coined the phrase "Children of the Secret", which refers to abused children, of whatever age, who were victimized without ever experiencing justice, much less love and protection.[44] In the Burke novels, some of these Children of the Secret have banded together as adults into what Vachss calls a "family of choice".[45] Their connection is not biological, and they form very loyal bonds. Most are career criminals; none allows the law to come before the duty to family. Vachss originated the term "Circle of Trust."[46] which has since entered general circulation. Vachss coined the term to combat the mistaken over-emphasis on "stranger danger,"[47] a bias that prevents society from focusing on the most common way children are accessed for victimization: {{quotation|The biggest threat to children is always inside their houses. The predator with the ski-mask who grabs the kid out of a van, while a real thing, is a tiny percentage of those who prey upon children. Most victimization of children is within the Circle of Trust — not necessarily a parent, but somebody who was let into that circle, who can be a counselor, or a coach, or someone at a day-care center. The biggest danger to children is that they're perceived as property, not human beings. | An Interview with Andrew Vachss, The AV Club, November 1996.[48]}}Another term Vachss originated is "Transcenders." {{quotation|I believe that many people who were abused as children do themselves—and the entire struggle—a disservice when they refer to themselves as "survivors." A long time ago, I found myself in the middle of a war zone. I was not killed. Hence, I "survived." That was happenstance ... just plain luck, not due to any greatness of character or heroism on my part. But what about those raised in a POW camp called "childhood?" Some of those children not only lived through it, not only refused to imitate the oppressor (evil is a decision, not a destiny), but actually maintained sufficient empathy to care about the protection of other children once they themselves became adults and were "out of danger."To me, such people are our greatest heroes. They represent the hope of our species, living proof that there is nothing bio–genetic about child abuse. I call them transcenders, because "surviving" (i.e., not dying from) child abuse is not the significant thing. It is when chance becomes choice that people distinguish themselves. Two little children are abused. Neither dies. One grows up and becomes a child abuser. The other becomes a child protector. One "passes it on." One "breaks the cycle." Should we call them both by the same name? Not in my book. (And not in my books, either.) [49]}} DogsAnother important theme that pervades Vachss' work is his love of dogs, particularly breeds considered "dangerous," such as Doberman pinschers, rottweilers, and especially pit bulls.[50] Throughout his writings,[51] Vachss asserts that with dogs, just as with humans, "you get what you raise."[52] {{quotation|"There's a very specific formula for creating a monster," Vachss says. "It starts with chronic, unrelenting abuse. There's got to be societal notification and then passing on. The child eventually believes that what's being done is societally sanctioned. And after a while, empathy – which we have to learn, we're not born with it – cracks and dies. He feels only his own pain. There's your predatory sociopath."That's why Vachss posed for a recent publicity photo cradling his pit bull puppy. "You know what pit bulls are capable of, right?" he asks, referring to the animal's notorious killer reputation. "But they're also capable of being the most wonderful, sweet pets in the world, depending on how you raise them. That's all our children."|"Unleashing the Criminal Mind," San Francisco Examiner, July 12, 1990.[53]}} He is a passionate advocate against animal abuse such as dog-fighting,[54] and against breed-specific legislative bans.[55] With fellow crime writer James Colbert, Vachss has trained dogs to serve as therapy dogs for abused children. The dogs have a calming effect on traumatized children. Vachss notes that using these particular breeds further increases the victims' feelings of security; their "dangerous" appearance, in combination with the extensive therapy training, makes them excellent protection against human threats.[56] During her time as chief prosecutor, Alice Vachss regularly brought one such trained dog, Sheba, to work with abused children being interviewed at the Special Victims Bureau.[57] Personal lifeWhen Vachss was 7 years old, an older boy swung a chain at his right eye. The resulting injuries damaged the eye muscles and resulted in his wearing an eyepatch.[58] According to Vachss, removing it has the effect of a strobe light flashing in his face. Vachss also has a small blue heart tattooed on his right hand.[59] Vachss' wife, Alice, was a sex crimes prosecutor, and she later became Chief of the Special Victims Bureau in Queens, New York. She is the author of the nonfiction book Sex Crimes: Ten Years on the Front Lines Prosecuting Rapists and Confronting Their Collaborators, a The New York Times Notable Book of the Year.[60] She has continued her work as Special Prosecutor for Sex Crimes in rural Oregon.[61] Honors and awardsProfessional honors and awards
Literary honors and awards
BibliographyThe Cross series
The Aftershock trilogy
The Burke series{{Main|Burke Series}}
Other novels
Novelettes
Short story collections
Comic books and graphic novels
Plays
Non-fiction
See also{{portal|Novels}}
References1. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/06/17/us/the-law-taking-on-children-as-clients.html?scp=8&sq=vachss&st=cse |title="The Law: Taking on Children as Clients," ''New York Times,'' January 17, 1988 |publisher=Nytimes.com |date=1988-06-17 |accessdate=2012-02-02 |first=Georgia |last=Dullea}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/vachss/faq.html#Pronounced |title=Pronunciation of "Vachss" |publisher=Vachss.com |date=1993-07-16 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 3. ^{{cite news |last1=Rovner |first1=Sandy |title=In Defense of the Children Lawyer Andrew Henry Vachss, Fighting Urban Evil With Fiction |url=http://www.vachss.com/av_articles/rtcl_wpst.html |accessdate=5 March 2019 |publisher=The Washington Post |date=May 27, 1987}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/vachss/credentials.html |title=Andrew Vachss, ''The Zero'' |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=http://archives.cnn.com/2000/books/news/11/09/arts.vachss.reut |title="Andrew Vachss Does Not Paint Pretty Pictures," ''Reuters'', November 9, 2000 |publisher=Archives.cnn.com |date=2000-11-09 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_articles/gall2k.html |title="Andrew Vachss: Beating the Devil," ''Gallery Magazine'', April, 2000 |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_interviews/mumblage.html |title="Andrew Vachss: Hot Biafra Nights," ''Mumblage'', September, 2000 |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/30/newsid_3733000/3733321.stm |title="Nigeria Bans Red Cross Aid to Biafra," ''BBC News'' |publisher=BBC News |date=1985-06-30 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 9. ^{{cite news|author = |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,878714,00.html |title="The Secession That Failed," ''TIME'', January, 1970 |publisher=Time.com |date=1970-01-26 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_articles/lw_usa.html |title="One Sole Practitioner's Crusade: Best-Selling Novelist Has Declared War On Child Abusers," ''Lawyers Weekly USA'', November 25, 2002 |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_dispatches/testimony.html |title=Testimony of Andrew Vachss, U.S. National Commission on Libraries and Information Science, November 10, 1998 |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/vachss/ca_2003_autobio.html |title=Andrew Vachss, ''Contemporary Authors'', 2003 |publisher=Vachss.com |date=1983-03-04 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/policy.html |title=''Andrew Vachss: Guidelines for Acceptance of a Child's Case'' |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 14. ^McKinney's Cons. Laws of NY, Book 29A, Family Ct. Act §§ 241–249. 15. ^Under New York law, a law guardian also must be appointed in delinquency cases. At the judge's discretion, a law guardian may be appointed for a child in a custody dispute. 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/trojan.html |title=Index of author's written works |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2014-09-16}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_novels/index_theburkeseries.html |title=Finale of Burke series |publisher=Vachss.com |date=2011-02-28 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/anotherlife/index.html |title=US publication date of Another Life |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 19. ^{{Cite web|url = http://vachss.com/av_novels/aftershock.html|title = Aftershock by Andrew Vachss|date = |accessdate = 2014-09-16|website = THE ZERO|publisher = vachss.com}} 20. ^{{Cite web|url = http://vachss.com/av_novels/shockwave.html|title = Shockwave by Andrew Vachss|date = |accessdate = 2015-08-29|website = THE ZERO|publisher = vachss.com}} 21. ^{{Cite web|url = http://vachss.com/av_novels/signwave.html|title = Signwave by Andrew Vachss|date = |accessdate = 2015-08-29|website = THE ZERO|publisher = vachss.com}} 22. ^{{Cite web|url = http://sonsofspade.blogspot.com/2014/07/aftershock-dell-by-andrew-vachss.html|title = Aftershock by Andrew Vachss, reviewed by Sons of Spade|date = |accessdate = 2015-08-29|website = Sons of Spade}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_novels/blackjack.html |title=Blackjack: A Cross Novel |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-07-10}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_novels/urbanrenewal.html |title=Urban Renewal: A Cross Novel |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2015-08-29}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_novels/shella.html |title=Shella |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2015-08-30}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_interviews/case_2004.html |title=The World As They See It: Andrew Vachss |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2015-08-30}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/getaway_man/index.html |title=The Getaway Man |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2015-08-30}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.twotrainsrunning.com |title=Two Trains Running |date= |accessdate=2015-08-30}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_interviews/cobrapost.html |title=Reinventing Vachss, by Adam Dunn |date= |accessdate=2015-08-30}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/haiku |title=Haiku |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_novels/weight.html |title=The Weight |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 32. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_novels/heart.html |title=Heart Transplant |publisher=Vachss.com |date=2010-10-19 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 33. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_novels/roll.html |title=That's How I Roll |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-03-06}} 34. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_books/comics/cross.html |title=Cross (graphic series) |publisher=Vachss.com |date=2012-05-18 |accessdate=2012-05-18}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_books/short_stories/veils_visit.html |title=Veil's Visit |publisher=Vachss.com |date=2012-05-18 |accessdate=2012-05-18}} 36. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_novels/heart.html |title=Heart Transplant |publisher=Vachss.com |date=2012-05-18 |accessdate=2012-05-18}} 37. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_books/list_special.html |title=Another Chance to Get It Right |publisher=Vachss.com |date=2012-05-18 |accessdate=2012-05-18}} 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/av_novels/noway.html |title=The Shaolin Cowboy Adventure Magazine|publisher=vachss.com |accessdate=2015-08-30}} 39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bleedingcool.com/2014/10/27/preview-dark-horses-new-genre-visual-cinema-in-andrew-vachss-underground/ |title=Underground|publisher=bleedingcool.com |date=2014-10-27 |accessdate=2014-11-10}} 40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_dispatches.html |title=Articles and essays on child protection |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 41. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2bwrr3dW8I |title=On designing prisons for violent youth, Andrew Vachss interview, 2009 |publisher=Youtube.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 42. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.twotrainsrunning.com/about-vachss.html |title=Magazines |publisher=Twotrainsrunning.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 43. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.darkecho.com/darkecho/horroronline/vachss.html |title="Andrew Vachss: A Man Who Will Die Trying", by Paula Guran, ''Horror Online,'' May 1999 |publisher=Darkecho.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213151250/http://www.darkecho.com/darkecho/horroronline/vachss.html |archive-date=2012-02-13 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_interviews/buffalo_news_95.html |title=Children of the Secret |publisher=Vachss.com |date=1995-11-13 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 45. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nop7SeuqzP0 |title=Andrew Vachss discusses his use of "family of choice", Family of Choice webcast, January 14, 2009 |publisher=Youtube.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 46. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_dispatches/circle.html |title=Abuse within the Circle of Trust |publisher=Vachss.com |date=2011 |accessdate=2015-08-30}} 47. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_interviews/c_moore.html |title=Andrew Vachss Doesn't Fight Fair: A Conversation with Clayton Moore |publisher=Vachss.com |date=2003-02-24 |accessdate=2015-08-30}} 48. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_interviews/int_onion.html |title="An Interview with Andrew Vachss," by John Krewson |date= |accessdate=2015-08-30}} 49. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/transcender.html |title="Survivors and Transcenders"}} 50. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_interviews/int_blur.html |title="A Conversation with Andrew Vachss," ''Blur Magazine,'' March 1997 |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 51. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/dogs/dog_stories/index.html |title=Dog stories |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 52. ^{{cite news|author =Ski apps |url=http://www.independent.ie/opinion/columnists/ian-odoherty/goodbye-burke-hello-andrew-1606436.html |title="Goodbye Burke, Hello Andrew," ''The Independent,'' January 19, 2009 |publisher=Independent.ie |date= 2009-01-19|accessdate=2012-02-02}} 53. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/av_articles/rtcl_sfex.html |title="Unleashing the Criminal Mind," ''San Francisco Examiner,'' July 12, 1990 |publisher=Vachss.com |date=1990-07-12 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 54. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/dogs/dog_stories/dead_game.html |title="Dead Game," by Andrew Vachss |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2015-08-29}} 55. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/media/righteous/ascione.html |title=Breed-specific legislation |publisher=Vachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 56. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/dogs/vachss_dog.html |title=Training assistance dogs for child protection proceedings |publisher=Vachss.com |date=1994-11-04 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 57. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/dogs/av_dogs/sheba.html |title=Sheba, child protection assistance dog |publisher=Vachss.com |date=1989-11-12 |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 58. ^Rahner, Mark "Vachss' Work Emanates From His Own Cold Rage" Seattle Times (October 15, 2000). Retrieved on 3-09-14. 59. ^Dundas, Zach "The Haunted World of Andrew Vachss" Willamette Week (November 17, 1999). Retrieved on 2-09-13. 60. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.alicevachss.com |title=Alice Vachss website |publisher=Alicevachss.com |date= |accessdate=2012-02-02}} 61. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.alicevachss.com/sex-crimes.html|title=Sex Crimes: Then and Now|publisher=alicevachss.com |date=2016-05-01|accessdate=2017-07-06}} 62. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/vachss/m-h.html|title=A/V Martindale-Hubbell rating}} 63. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vachss.com/vachss/cwru_degree.html|title=LL.D (honoris causa) Case Western University, 2004}} 64. ^{{cite web|url=http://vachss.com/support/childhelp.html|title=Childhelp Congressional Award, 1994}} 65. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.noirfest.com/2014/chandlerhawards.asp|title=Raymond Chandler Award, 2000}} External links{{Wikiquote}}
25 : 1942 births|Living people|20th-century American novelists|21st-century American novelists|American crime fiction writers|American graphic novelists|American lawyers|American legal writers|American male novelists|Bob Clampett Humanitarian Award winners|Case Western Reserve University alumni|Child abuse|Maltese Falcon Award winners|People from Manhattan|American male essayists|People of the Nigerian Civil War|American expatriates in Nigeria|American male short story writers|20th-century American short story writers|21st-century American short story writers|21st-century American essayists|20th-century American male writers|21st-century American male writers|Novelists from New York (state)|20th-century American essayists |
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