| 词条 | Mayahuel | ||||||
| 释义 |
DescriptionOrigins from the maguey plantMaguey is a flowering plant of the genus Agave, native to parts of southwestern modern United States and Mexico. The depictions of Mayahuel in the Codex Borgia and the Codex Borbonicus show the deity perched upon a maguey planet. The deity's positioning in both illustrations, as well as the same blue pigment used to depict her body and the body of the maguey plant on Page 8 of the Codex Borbonicus, give the sense that she and the plant are one. Furthermore, the Codex Borbonicus displays Mayahuel as holding what looks like rope, presumably spun from the maguey plant fibers. Rope was only one of the many products extracted from the maguey plant. Products extracted from the maguey plant were used extensively across highlands and southeastern Mesoamerica, with the thorns used in ritual bloodletting ceremonies and fibers extracted from the leaves worked into ropes, netting, bags, and cloth.[3][4] Yet, perhaps the maguey product most well-known and celebrated by the Aztecs is the alcoholic beverage octli, or later named pulque,[5] produced from the fermented sap of the maguey plant and used prominently in many public ceremonies and on other ritual occasions. By extension, Mayahuel is also often shown in contexts associated with pulque. Although some secondary sources describe her as a "pulque goddess," she remains most strongly associated with the plant as the source, rather than pulque as the end product.[6] Gallery of depictions in primary sourcesNotesReferences{{refbegin||indent=yes}}{{cite book|author=Boone, Elizabeth Hill|first=|authorlink=Elizabeth Hill Boone|year=2007|title=Cycles of Time and Meaning in the Mexican Books of Fate|series=Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long series in Latin American and Latino art and culture|location=Austin|pages=|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-71263-8|oclc=71632174}} {{cite book|author=Carrasco, David|first=|year=1982|title=Quetzalcoatl and the Irony of Empire: Myths and Prophecies in the Aztec Tradition|location=Chicago, IL|pages=|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=0-226-09487-1|oclc=0226094871}} {{cite book|author=Miller, Mary|first=|authorlink=Mary Miller (art historian)|author2=Karl Taube|year=1993|title=The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya: An Illustrated Dictionary of Mesoamerican Religion|publisher=Thames & Hudson|location=London|pages=|isbn=0-500-05068-6|oclc=27667317}} {{cite book|author=Sahagún, Bernardino de|first=|authorlink=Bernardino de Sahagún|year=1997|origyear=ca.1558–61|title=Primeros Memoriales|others=Thelma D. Sullivan (English trans. and paleography of Nahuatl text), with H.B. Nicholson, Arthur J.O. Anderson, Charles E. Dibble, Eloise Quiñones Keber, and Wayne Ruwet (completion, revisions, and ed.)|series=Civilization of the American Indian series, vol. 200, part 2|location=Norman|pages=|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|isbn=978-0-8061-2909-9|oclc=35848992}}{{Cite book|title=The Aztecs: Ancient Peoples and Places (3rd ed)|last=Townsend|first=Richard F.|publisher=Thames & Hudson|year=2009|isbn=978-0-500-28791-0|location=London|pages=}}{{refend}}{{Aztec mythology}} 4 : Aztec goddesses|Mesoamerican deities|Fertility goddesses|Agricultural goddesses |
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