| 词条 | Self-Help (book) |
| 释义 |
| name = Self-Help | orig title = | translator = | image = File:Samuel Smiles by Sir George Reid.jpg | caption = Samuel Smiles by Sir George Reid | author = Samuel Smiles | cover_artist = | country = United Kingdom | language = English | series = | subject = | genre = | publisher = John Murray | release_date = 1859 | media_type = | pages = | size_weight = | isbn = | preceded_by = The Life of George Stephenson | followed_by = Brief Biographies }}Self-Help; with Illustrations of Character and Conduct was a book published in 1859 by Samuel Smiles. The second edition of 1866 added Perseverance to the subtitle. It has been called "the bible of mid-Victorian liberalism".[1] Contents of the second edition{{ordered list|type=none| Preface | Introduction to the First Edition | Descriptive Contents }}{{ordered list|type=upper-roman | Self-Help—National and Individual | Leaders of Industry—Inventors and Producers | Three Great Potters—Palissy, Böttgher, Wedgwood | Application and Perseverance | Helps and Opportunities—Scientific Pursuit | Workers in Art | Industry and the Peerage | Energy and Courage | Men of Business | Money—Its Use and Abuse | Self-Culture—Facilities and Difficulties | Example—Models | Character—the True Gentleman }} ReceptionSelf-Help sold 20,000 copies within one year of its publication. By the time of Smiles' death in 1904 it had sold over a quarter of a million.[2] Self-Help "elevated [Smiles] to celebrity status: almost overnight, he became a leading pundit and much-consulted guru".[3]When an English visitor to the Khedive's palace in Egypt asked where the mottoes on the palace's walls originated, he was given the reply: "They are principally from Smeelis, you ought to know Smeelis! They are from his Self-Help; they are much better than the texts from the Koran!"[4] The socialist Robert Tressell, in his novel The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists, said Self-Help was a book "suitable for perusal by persons suffering from almost complete obliteration of the mental faculties".[5] The founder of Toyota Industries Co., Ltd., Sakichi Toyoda was significantly influenced by his reading of Self-Help. A copy Self-Help is under a glass display at the museum that exists on Sakichi Toyoda's birth site.[6] Robert Blatchford, a socialist activist, said it was "one of the most delightful and invigorating books it has been my happy fortune to meet with" and argued it should be taught in schools. However he also noted that socialists would not feel comfortable with Smiles' individualism but also noted that Smiles denounced "the worship of power, wealth, success, and keeping up appearances".[7] A labour leader advised Blatchford to stay away from it: "It's a brutal book; it ought to be burnt by the common hangman. Smiles was the arch-Philistine, and his book the apotheosis of respectability, gigmanity, and selfish grab".[8] However Jonathan Rose has argued that most pre-1914 labour leaders who commented on Self-Help praised it and it was not until after the Great War that criticisms of Smiles in worker's memoirs appeared.[9] The Labour Party MPs William Johnson and Thomas Summerbell admired Smiles' work and the Communist miners leader A. J. Cook "started out with Self-Help".[10]Notes1. ^M. J. Cohen and John Major (eds.), History in Quotations (London: Cassell, 2004), p. 611. 2. ^Peter W. Sinnema, 'Introduction', in Samuel Smiles, Self-Help (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), p. vii. 3. ^Sinnema, p. vii. 4. ^Sinnema, p. xxiv. 5. ^Robert Tressell, The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists (Penguin, 2004), pp. 572–73. 6. ^Jeffrey K Liker, The Toyota Way (McGraw Hill, 2004), pp. 17. 7. ^Jonathan Rose, The Intellectual Life of the British Working Classes (Yale Nota Bene, 2002), pp. 68–9. 8. ^Rose, p. 68. 9. ^Rose, pp. 68–9. 10. ^Rose, p. 69. Further reading
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