“Selim Khimshiashvili”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Selim Paşa (1755 – 3 June 1815) was a Muslim Georgian nobleman of the Khimshiashvili clan and a derebey of Upper Adjara under the Ottoman suzerainty, but with considerable autonomy. His seizure of power in the Pashalik of Akhaltsikh and attempts to bring all of "Ottoman Georgia" under his rule led to a fallout with the sultan's government and a war which ended in Selim's death.

Selim Bey was a son and successor of Abdullah Bey, a derebey ("the lord of the valleys") of Upper Adjara, who was killed at Aketi during his raid against the neighboring Georgian principality of Guria in 1784. Selim Bey cherished an ambition to bring all of the Ottoman possessions in Georgia under his autonomous rule. In 1802, he capitalized on a crisis in Akhaltsikh and seized control of it, declaring himself a new pasha. His adversary, Şerif Paşa, was able to dispossess him in June 1809, but Selim staged a comeback in 1812. His staunch opposition to the central Ottoman government led him into clandestine negotiations with the Russians through Mamia V Gurieli, Prince of Guria, whose sister was married to Selim's son Abdi Bey. In 1815, the sultan ordered him be deposed and put to death for treason. As 15,000 Ottoman troops under Pehlivan İbrâhim Paşa, serasker of Erzurum, approached, Selim fled Akhaltsikhe to the mountains of Adjara and entrenched himself in the castle of Khikhani, which fell after a two-month-long siege on 31 May 1815. Selim Paşa was beheaded on 3 June 1815. Selim's four sons—Abdi (Abdullah; 1786–1859), Ahmed (1781–1836), Hüseyin, and Dede (Dursun)—took shelter in Guria until the Turkish punitive force left Adjara in 1818.^[1]^[2]^[3] Subsequently, they came to rule several areas in "Ottoman Georgia": Abdi Bey in Shavsheti (Şavşat), Ahmed in Upper Adjara, Hüseyin in the Andzavi valley, and Dede in Taoskari.^[2]

In today's Adjara, Selim is remembered as a hero. His native village Nigazeuli hosts his museum^[4] and the day of his memory, Selimoba, is marked annually in June.^[5] There is a street named after Selim Khimshiashvili in Adjara's main city, Batumi, where his statue was also unveiled in 2015.^[6]

References

1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Turmanidze|first1=Otar|title=შერიფ ხიმშიაშვილის მეურნეობა|journal=South-West Georgia. Conference materials|date=2013|volume=3|pages=41–43|url=http://archives-ajara.gov.ge/text_files/ge_file_233_1.pdf|trans-title=Sherif Khimshiashvili Farming|language=Georgian|issn=2298-0776}}
2. ^¹{{cite journal|last1=Umikashvili|first1=Petre|title=ოსმალოს საქართველო|journal=Iveria|date=26 May 1877|volume=13|pages=12–14|url=http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/13658/3/Iveria_2011_N13.pdf|trans-title=Ottoman Georgia|language=Georgian}}
3. ^{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Lomsadze|first1=Sh.|encyclopedia=ქართული საბჭოთა ენციკლოპედია, ტ. 9 [Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia, Vol. 9]|title=სელიმ-ფაშა|trans-title=Selim-Pasha|year=1985 |location=Tbilisi |language=Georgian|page = 278}}
4. ^{{cite web|title=Selim Khimshiashvili Museum in Nigazeuli|url=http://www.georgianmuseums.ge/?lang=eng&id=1_1&sec_id=2&th_id=95|website=Georgian Museums|publisher=Ministry of Culture and Monuments Protection of Georgia, ICOM National Committee in Georgia, Georgian Museums Association, Culturological Research Association|accessdate=12 July 2015}}
5. ^{{cite news|title=Selimoba|url=http://ajaratv.ge/en/news/society/selimoba/100068|accessdate=11 July 2015|agency=Adjara TV|date=20 June 2015}}
6. ^{{cite news|title=Selim Khimshiashvili's bust is opened in Batumi|url=http://ajaratv.ge/en/news/society/batumshi-selim-khimshiashvilis-biusti-gaikhsna/100013|accessdate=11 July 2015|agency=Adjara TV|date=19 June 2015}}