| 释义 |
- History
- List Acting mayors
- See also
- Sources
- References
- Further reading
- External links
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2013}}{{Infobox official post
| post = Mayor
| body = Boston
| native_name =
| flag =
| flagsize =
| flagborder =
| flagcaption =
| insignia = Seal of Boston, Massachusetts.svg
| insigniasize =
| insigniacaption = Seal of Boston
| image = Marty Walsh.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt =
| incumbent = Marty Walsh
| acting =
| incumbentsince = January 6, 2014
| type =
| status =
| department =
| style = His/Her Honor
| abbreviation =
| member_of =
| reports_to =
| residence =
| seat =
| nominator =
| appointer =
| appointer_qualified =
| termlength = Four years
| termlength_qualified =
| constituting_instrument =
| precursor =
| formation = 1822
| first = John Phillips
| last =
| abolished =
| succession =
| unofficial_names =
| deputy =
| salary =
| website = {{URL|https://www.boston.gov/departments/mayors-office}}
}}The Mayor of Boston is the head of the municipal government in Boston, Massachusetts. Boston has a mayor-council system of government. Boston's mayoral elections are non-partisan (as are all municipal elections in Boston), and elect a mayor to a four-year term; there are no term limits. The mayor's office is in Boston City Hall, in Government Center. The current mayor is Martin J. "Marty" Walsh. Currently, there is one living former mayor, Raymond Flynn, born {{birth date and age|1939|7|22}}. The most recent mayor to die was Thomas Menino, on October 30, 2014. HistoryPrior to 1822, there was no Mayor of Boston, because Boston was incorporated as a town. In Massachusetts, a town is typically governed by a town meeting, with a board of selectmen handling regular business. Boston was the first community in Massachusetts to receive a city charter, which was granted in 1822.[1] Under the terms of the new charter, the mayor was elected annually. In June 1895, the charter was amended, and the mayor's term was increased to two years.[2] In 1909, the Republican-controlled state legislature enacted strong-mayor charter changes it hoped would dampen the rising power of Democratic Irish Americans.[3] Adopted by public vote in the November 1909 general election, changes included extending the mayoral term to four years, and making the post formally non-partisan.[4] The reforms did not work; the first mayor elected under the new charter was Democrat John "Honey Fitz" Fitzgerald, and every mayor since Republican Malcolm Nichols (1926–1930) has been a Democrat. In a bid to temper the rising power of James Michael Curley, the state legislature in 1918 passed legislation barring the Mayor of Boston from serving consecutive terms in office;[5] Curley was prevented from running for re-election twice by this law (November 1925 and November 1933). The law was repealed in 1939,[6] after Curley's political career appeared to be in decline.[7] Another charter change was enacted in 1949, partly in response to Curley's fourth term (1946–1950), during which he served prison time for crimes committed in an earlier term. Changes included adding a preliminary election to narrow the field to two mayoral candidates in advance of the general election, changing the Boston City Council from having 22 members (one from each city ward) to having nine members (elected at-large), and giving the council ability to override some mayoral vetoes.[8] These changes went into effect in 1951, resulting in the first term of John B. Hynes being shortened to two years. From 1951 through 1991, Boston mayoral elections were held the year before presidential elections (e.g. mayoral election in 1951, presidential election in 1952). Starting in 1993, due to the election held following Raymond Flynn's appointment as United States Ambassador to the Holy See, Boston mayoral elections are held the year following presidential elections (e.g. presidential election in 1992, mayoral election in 1993). ListUse of ( ) denotes non-consecutive terms for a mayor.| # | Mayor | Term | In office | | Party | | Start | End | Terms won | Duration |
|---|
| {{sort|01|1}} | John|Phillips|dab=mayor}} | May 1, 1822 | May 1, 1823 | 1 | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Federalist | | {{sort|02|2}} | Josiah|Quincy III}} | May 1, 1823 | January 5, 1829 | 6 | {{sort|05y08m|5 years, 8 months}} | | Federalist | | {{sort|03|3}} | Harrison G.|Otis|Harrison Gray Otis (politician)}} | January 5, 1829 | January 2, 1832 | 3 | {{sort|03y00m|3 years}} | | Federalist | | {{sort|04|4}} | Charles|Wells|dab=American politician}} | January 2, 1832 | January 6, 1834 | 2 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Whig | | {{sort|05|5}} | Theodore|Lyman|dab=militiaman}} | January 6, 1834 | January 4, 1836 | 2 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|06|6}} | Samuel T.|Armstrong|Samuel Turell Armstrong}} | January 4, 1836 | January 1, 1837 | 1 | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Whig | | {{sort|07|7}} | Samuel A.|Eliot|Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)}} | January 1, 1837 | January 6, 1840 | 3 | {{sort|03y00m|3 years}} | | Whig | | {{sort|08|8}} | Jonathan|Chapman}} | January 6, 1840 | January 2, 1843 | 3 | {{sort|03y00m|3 years}} | | Whig | | {{sort|09|9}} | Martin|Brimmer}} | January 2, 1843 | January 6, 1845 | 2 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Whig | | {{sort|09a|—}} | William|Parker|dab=Boston}} {{double dagger}} | January 6, 1845 | February 27, 1845 | {{sort|0|—}} | {{sort|00y02m|2 months}} | | Whig | | {{sort|10|10}} | Thomas A.|Davis|Thomas Aspinwall Davis}} {{dagger}} | February 27, 1845 | November 22, 1845 | 1 | {{sort|00y09m|9 months}} | | Native American | | {{sort|10a|—}} | Benson|Leavitt}} {{double dagger}} | November 22, 1845 | December 11, 1845 | {{sort|0|—}} | {{sort|00y01m|1 month}} | | Whig | | {{sort|11|11}} | Josiah|Quincy Jr.}} | December 11, 1845 | January 1, 1849 | 3 | {{sort|03y01m|3 years, 1 month}} | | Whig | | {{sort|12|12}} | John P.|Bigelow}} | January 1, 1849 | January 5, 1852 | 3 | {{sort|03y00m|3 years}} | | Whig | | {{sort|13|13}} | Benjamin|Seaver}} | January 5, 1852 | January 2, 1854 | 2 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Whig | | {{sort|14|14}} | Jerome V. C.|Smith}} | January 2, 1854 | January 7, 1856 | 2 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | American | | {{sort|15|15}} | Alexander H.|Rice}} | January 7, 1856 | January 4, 1858 | 2 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Republican | | {{sort|16|16 (1)}} | Frederic W.|Lincoln Jr.|dab=politician}} | January 4, 1858 | January 7, 1861 | 3 | {{sort|03y00m|3 years}} | | Republican | | {{sort|17|17}} | Joseph|Wightman}} | January 7, 1861 | January 5, 1863 | 2 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|18|18 (2)}} | Frederic W.|Lincoln Jr.|dab=politician}} | January 5, 1863 | January 7, 1867 | 4 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Republican | | {{sort|19|19}} | Otis|Norcross}} | January 7, 1867 | January 6, 1868 | 1 | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Republican | | {{sort|20|20}} | Nathaniel B.|Shurtleff}} | January 6, 1868 | January 2, 1871 | 3 | {{sort|03y00m|3 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|21|21}} | William|Gaston|dab=Massachusetts}} | January 2, 1871 | January 6, 1873 | 2 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|22|22 (1)}} | Henry L.|Pierce}} | January 6, 1873 | November 29, 1873 | 1 | {{sort|00y11m|11 months}} | | None | | {{sort|23|23}} | Leonard R.|Cutter}} {{double dagger}} | November 29, 1873 | January 5, 1874 | {{sort|0|—}} | {{sort|00y01m|1 month}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|24|24}} | Samuel C.|Cobb}} | January 5, 1874 | January 1, 1877 | 3 | {{sort|03y00m|3 years}} | | None | | {{sort|25|25 (1)}} | Frederick O.|Prince}} | January 1, 1877 | January 7, 1878 | 1 | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|26|26 (2)}} | Henry L.|Pierce}} | January 7, 1878 | January 6, 1879 | 1 | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Republican | | {{sort|27|27 (2)}} | Frederick O.|Prince}} | January 6, 1879 | January 2, 1882 | 3 | {{sort|03y00m|3 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|28|28}} | Samuel A.|Green|Samuel Abbott Green}} | January 2, 1882 | January 1, 1883 | 1 | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Republican | | {{sort|29|29}} | Albert|Palmer|dab=American politician}} | January 1, 1883 | January 7, 1884 | 1 | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|30|30}} | Augustus P.|Martin|Augustus Pearl Martin}} | January 7, 1884 | January 5, 1885 | 1 | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Republican | | {{sort|31|31}} | Hugh|O'Brien}} | January 5, 1885 | January 7, 1889 | 4 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|32|32 (1)}} | Thomas N.|Hart}} | January 7, 1889 | December 31, 1890 | 2 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Republican | | {{sort|33|33}} | Nathan|Matthews Jr.}} | January 1, 1891 | January 7, 1895 | 4 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|34|34}} | Edwin Upton|Curtis}} | January 7, 1895 | January 6, 1896 | 1 | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Republican | | {{sort|34a| }} | {{sort|ZZname1|Mayoral term increased to two years.}} | {{sort|991| }} | {{sort|ZZ1| }} | | {{sort|35|35}} | Josiah|Quincy|dab=1859–1919}} | January 6, 1896 | January 1, 1900 | 2 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|36|36 (2)}} | Thomas N.|Hart}} | January 1, 1900 | January 6, 1902 | 1 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Republican | | {{sort|37|37}} | Patrick|Collins|dab=mayor}} {{dagger}} | January 6, 1902 | September 13, 1905 | 2 | {{sort|03y09m|3 years, 9 months}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|37a|—}} | Daniel A.|Whelton}} {{double dagger}} | September 15, 1905 | January 1, 1906 | {{sort|0|—}} | {{sort|00y03m|3 months}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|38|38 (1)}} | John F.|Fitzgerald}} | January 1, 1906 | January 6, 1908 | 1 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|39|39}} | George A.|Hibbard}} | January 6, 1908 | February 7, 1910 | 1 | {{sort|02y00m|2 years}} | | Republican | | {{sort|39a| }} | {{sort|ZZname2|Mayoral term increased to four years.}} | {{sort|992| }} | {{sort|ZZ2| }} | | {{sort|40|40 (2)}} | John F.|Fitzgerald}} | February 7, 1910 | February 2, 1914 | 1 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|41|41 (1)}} | James M.|Curley|James Michael Curley}} | February 2, 1914 | February 4, 1918 | 1 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|42|42}} | Andrew J.|Peters|Andrew James Peters}} | February 4, 1918 | February 6, 1922 | 1 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|43|43 (2)}} | James M.|Curley|James Michael Curley}} | February 6, 1922 | January 4, 1926 | 1 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|44|44}} | Malcolm|Nichols}} | January 4, 1926 | January 6, 1930 | 1 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Republican | | {{sort|45|45 (3)}} | James M.|Curley|James Michael Curley}} | January 6, 1930 | January 1, 1934 | 1 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|46|46}} | Frederick|Mansfield}} | January 1, 1934 | January 3, 1938 | 1 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|47|47}} | Maurice J.|Tobin}} | January 3, 1938 | January 4, 1945 | 2 | {{sort|07y00m|7 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|47a|—}} | John E.|Kerrigan}} {{double dagger}} | January 4, 1945 | January 7, 1946 | {{sort|0|—}} | {{sort|01y00m|1 year}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|48|48 (4)}} | James M.|Curley|James Michael Curley}} | January 7, 1946 | January 2, 1950 | 1 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|49|49}} | John B.|Hynes|John Hynes (politician)}} | January 2, 1950 | January 4, 1960 | 3 | {{sort|10y00m|10 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|50|50}} | John F.|Collins}} | January 4, 1960 | January 1, 1968 | 2 | {{sort|08y00m|8 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|51|51}} | Kevin|White|dab=mayor}} | January 1, 1968 | January 2, 1984 | 4 | {{sort|16y00m|16 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|52|52}} | Raymond|Flynn}} | January 2, 1984 | July 12, 1993 | 3 | {{sort|09y06m|9 years, 6 months}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|53|53}} | Thomas|Menino}} | July 12, 1993 | January 6, 2014 | 5 | {{sort|20y06m|20 years, 6 months}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|54|54}} | Marty|Walsh|dab=politician}} | January 6, 2014 | Incumbent | 2 | {{sort|05y03m|5 years+}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|90| }} | {{sort|ZZname0| }} | {{sort|990| }} | {{sort|ZZ0| }} | | {{sort|91| }} | {{sort|ZZname3|Mayors serving non-consecutive terms.}} | {{sort|993| }} | {{sort|ZZ3| }} | | {{sort|92|M}} | Frederic W.|Lincoln Jr.|dab=politician}} | January 4, 1858 | January 7, 1867 | 7 | {{sort|07y00m|7 years}} | | Republican | | {{sort|93|M}} | Henry L.|Pierce}} | January 6, 1873 | January 6, 1879 | 2 | {{sort|01y11m|1 year, 11 months}} | | Republican | | {{sort|94|M}} | Frederick O.|Prince}} | January 1, 1877 | January 2, 1882 | 4 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|95|M}} | Thomas N.|Hart}} | January 7, 1889 | January 7, 1902 | 3 | {{sort|04y00m|4 years}} | | Republican | | {{sort|96|M}} | John F.|Fitzgerald}} | January 5, 1906 | February 2, 1914 | 2 | {{sort|06y00m|6 years}} | | Democratic | | {{sort|97|M}} | James M.|Curley|James Michael Curley}} | February 2, 1914 | January 2, 1950 | 4 | {{sort|16y00m|16 years}} | | Democratic |
{{dagger}} died in office
{{double dagger}} acting mayor (only)Acting mayors| Year | Name | Explanation | Ref. | | 1845 | William Parker | Served as acting mayor during multiple deadlocked elections. | [9] | | 1845 | Benson Leavitt | Served as acting mayor following the death of Thomas A. Davis. | [9] | | 1853 | Benjamin L. Allen | Served as acting mayor during multiple deadlocked elections. | [9] | | 1873 | Leonard R. Cutter | Served as acting mayor following Henry L. Pierce's election to Congress.
Was not a candidate in the 1873 Boston mayoral election. | [9][10] | | 1905 | Daniel A. Whelton | Served as acting mayor following the death of Patrick Collins.
Was not a candidate in the 1905 Boston mayoral election. | [11][12] | | 1945 | John E. Kerrigan | Served as acting mayor upon Maurice J. Tobin becoming Governor of Massachusetts.
Subsequently lost the 1945 Boston mayoral election. | [13][14] | | 1947 | John B. Hynes | Served as acting mayor during the absence (incarceration) of James M. Curley.
Subsequently won the 1949 Boston mayoral election. | [9][15] | | 1993 | Thomas Menino | Served as acting mayor upon Raymond Flynn becoming Ambassador to the Holy See
Subsequently won the 1993 Boston mayoral election. | [16][17] |
Only Cutter and Menino are listed by the City of Boston as having been "Acting Mayor"; others are said to have "acted as Mayor" or similar verbiage.[18] The former are numbered in a list of Boston's mayors, the latter are not. Hynes' time acting as Mayor is not numbered; his time as elected Mayor is. See also{{Sidebar
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}}- Timeline of Boston
- List of elections in Massachusetts
- List of members of Boston City Council
- List of mayors of Roxbury, Massachusetts
- List of mayors of Charlestown, Massachusetts
- List of mayors of the 50 largest cities in the United States
Sources- {{cite book|last=Allison|first=Robert|last2=Bulger|first2=William|title=James Michael Curley|publisher=Applewood Books|year=2011|isbn=9781933212753|url=https://www.amazon.com/James-Michael-Curley-paperback-Reminiscences/dp/1933212756/}}
- {{cite book|last=O'Neill|first=Gerard|title=Rogues and Redeemers|publisher=Crown Publisher|location=New York|year=2012|isbn=9780307405364|url=https://www.amazon.com/Rogues-Redeemers-Politics-Irish-Boston/dp/0307405362/}}
References1. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/18595155/untitled/ |title=(untitled) |newspaper=Weekly Raleigh Register |location=Raleigh, North Carolina |page=3 |date=March 22, 1822 |accessdate=March 24, 2018 |via=newspapers.com}}
2. ^{{cite news |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston-sub/doc/498175747.html |title=CHARTER AMENDED |newspaper=The Boston Globe |page=1 |date=June 2, 1895 |accessdate=March 13, 2018 |url-access=limited |via=pqarchiver.com}}
3. ^O'Neill, pp. 39–42
4. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/18384700/new_boston_charter_is_the_worst_defeat/ |title=New Boston Charter is the Worst Defeat Ever Given Boss Rule |newspaper=The Marion Daily Mirror |location=Marion, Ohio |date=November 3, 1909 |accessdate=March 17, 2018 |via=newspapers.com}}
5. ^{{cite news |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston-sub/doc/503359225.html |title=REPORT BILL TO STOP CONSECUTIVE TERMS |newspaper=The Boston Globe |page=6 |date=February 26, 1918 |accessdate=March 12, 2018 |url-access=limited |via=pqarchiver.com}}
6. ^{{cite news |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston-sub/doc/816864666.html |title=SECOND TERM WINS IN BOSTON |newspaper=The Boston Globe |page=1 |date=November 8, 1939 |accessdate=March 14, 2018 |url-access=limited |via=pqarchiver.com}}
7. ^Allison and Bulger, pp. 86–87
8. ^{{cite news |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston-sub/doc/822180447.html |title=Plan A Wins; Boston to Get New Charter |newspaper=The Boston Globe |page=1 |date=November 9, 1949 |accessdate=March 2, 2018 |url-access=limited |via=pqarchiver.com}}
9. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/18242397/resignation_of_the_mayor_of_boston/ |title=Resignation of the Mayor of Boston |newspaper=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |page=4 |date=November 25, 1873 |accessdate=March 12, 2018 |via=newspapers.com}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=727518 |title=Boston Mayor Race - Dec 09, 1873 |website=ourcampaigns.com |accessdate=March 12, 2018}}
11. ^{{cite news |title=WHELTON IS ACTING MAYOR |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston-sub/doc/500471119.html |date=September 15, 1905 |newspaper=The Boston Globe |page=1 |accessdate=March 12, 2018 |url-access=limited |via=pqarchiver.com}}
12. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=696356 |title=Boston Mayor Race - Dec 12, 1905 |website=ourcampaigns.com |accessdate=March 12, 2018}}
13. ^{{cite news |title=Kerrigan First World War II Vet to Head City Government |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston-sub/doc/839854226.html |date=January 26, 1945 |newspaper=The Boston Globe |page=1 |last=Doherty |first=Joseph |accessdate=March 12, 2018 |url-access=limited |via=pqarchiver.com}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=546199 |title=Boston Mayor Race - Nov 06, 1945 |website=ourcampaigns.com |accessdate=March 12, 2018}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=546198 |title=Boston Mayor Race - Nov 08, 1949 |website=ourcampaigns.com |accessdate=March 13, 2018}}
16. ^{{cite web |title=Menino, `a neighborhood guy,' now at center stage |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston-sub/doc/294789672.html |first=Brian |last=McGrory |page=12 |date=July 13, 1993 |newspaper=The Boston Globe |accessdate=February 26, 2018 |url-access=limited |via=pqarchiver.com}}
17. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=176291 |title=Boston Mayor Race - Nov 02, 1993 |website=ourcampaigns.com |accessdate=March 12, 2018}}
18. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url=https://www.boston.gov/departments/archives-and-records-management/quick-look-bostons-history |title=PAST MAYORS OF BOSTON |website=boston.gov |accessdate=March 12, 2018}}
Further reading- {{cite web |url=https://www.boston.com/news/local-news/2014/01/06/is-walsh-mayor-54-or-48-or-58 |title=Is Walsh mayor 54? Or 48? Or 58? |first=Andrew |last=Ryan |website=Boston.com |date=January 6, 2014}}
- {{cite book |title=Mayors of Boston: Illustrated Epitome of Who the Mayors Have Been and What They Have Done |author=State Street Trust Company |publisher=Walter Advertising and Printing |location=Boston |date=1914 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5oWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false |via=Google Books}}
External links{{commons category|Mayors of Boston}}- Lists of Mayors of Boston at The Political Graveyard
{{BostonMA|state=expanded}}{{BostonMayors}}{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Mayors Of Boston}} 4 : Lists of mayors of places in Massachusetts|Mayors of Boston|Boston-related lists|Government of Boston |