1. Definition of magenta

2. Three major historical variations of magenta
    Magenta dye (original variation) (1860)  Process magenta (pigment magenta) (printer's magenta) (1890s)  Web colors magenta and fuchsia (1990s) 

3. Additional variations of magenta
    Amaranth  Magenta (Crayola)  Shocking pink (Crayola)   Razzle dazzle rose  Hot magenta  Purple pizzazz  Shocking pink  Orchid  Magenta (Pantone)  Telemagenta  Sky magenta  Steel pink  Magenta haze  Quinacridone magenta  Plum  Dark magenta   Garnet  

4. Wrapping the spectrum into a color wheel

5. See also

6. References

7. External links

 title=Magenta | hex= FF00FF|

This article is about notable tints and shades of the color magenta. These various colors are shown below.

Definition of magenta

Magenta is a color made up of equal parts of red and blue light. This would be the precise definition of the color as defined for computer display (the color #FF00FF shown in the color swatch above). It is a pure chroma on the RGB color wheel (Image of RGB color wheel:) midway between purple and rose. In HSV color space, magenta has a hue of 300°.

Magenta is not a spectral but an extraspectral color: it cannot be generated by light of a single wavelength. Humans, being trichromats, can only see as far as 380 nanometers into the spectrum, i.e., as far as violet.

The hue magenta is the complement of green: magenta pigments absorb green light, thus magenta and green are opposite colors.

Three major historical variations of magenta

Magenta dye (original variation) (1860)

 title= Magenta dye| hex= CA1F7B| r=202|g= 31|b=123| c=  0|m= 90|y=  31|k= 21| h=326|s= 90|v= 79[1]

Before printer's magenta was invented in the 1890s for CMYK printing, and electric magenta was invented in the 1980s for computer displays, these two artificially engineered colors were preceded by the color displayed at right, which is the color originally called magenta made from coal tar dyes in the year 1859.^[2]

Besides being called original magenta, magenta dye color is also called rich magenta to distinguish it from the colors printer's magenta and electric magenta, shown below.

Magenta was one of the first aniline dyes, discovered shortly after the Battle of Magenta (1859), which occurred near the town of Magenta in northern Italy. The color was originally called fuchsine or roseine, but for marketing purposes in 1860 the color name was changed to magenta after the battle. Hence, the color is named indirectly after the town.

Process magenta (pigment magenta) (printer's magenta) (1890s)

title= Magenta (subtractive primary)|

hex= FF0090|

r=255|g= 0|b=144|

c= 0|m=100|y= 44|k= 0|

h=326|s=100|v=100^[3]

In color printing, the color called process magenta or pigment magenta is one of the three primary pigment colors which, along with yellow and cyan, constitute the three subtractive primary colors of pigment. (The secondary colors of pigment are blue, green, and red.) As such, the CMYK printing process was invented in the 1890s, when newspapers began to publish color comic strips.

Process magenta is not an RGB color, and there is no fixed conversion from CMYK primaries to RGB. Different formulations are used for printer's ink, so there can be variations in the printed color that is pure magenta ink. A typical formulation of process magenta is shown in the color box at right. The source of the color shown at right is the color magenta that is shown in the diagram located at the bottom of the following website offering tintbooks for CMYK printing:  .

Web colors magenta and fuchsia (1990s)

 title=Magenta (additive secondary)| hex= FF00FF| r=255|g=  0|b=255| c=  3|m=100|y=  0|k=  0|

h=300|s=100|v=100^[4]

Magenta, shown at the right, is one of the three secondary colors in the RGB color model, used to make all the colors on computer and television displays. It is made by a mixture of red and blue light at equal intensity. It is called magenta on X11 list of color names, and fuchsia on the HTML color list. The web colors magenta and fuchsia are exactly the same color. Sometimes the web color magenta is called electric magenta or electronic magenta.

Additional variations of magenta

Amaranth

Amaranth (color) is a reddish-rose color that is a representation of the color of the flower of the amaranth plant.

 title= Amaranth purple|textcolor=white| hex= AB274F| r=171|g= 39|b= 79| c= 0|m= 77|y= 54|k= 33| h=342|s= 77|v= 67

The color amaranth purple is displayed at right.

Magenta (Crayola)

At right is displayed a Crayola color formulated in 1949; it was originally called brilliant rose but the name was changed in 1958 to magenta.

This color has a hue angle of 329, which is close to the hue angle of the color rose, which is 330.

Shocking pink (Crayola)

 title= Shocking Pink (Crayola), formerly known as Ultra Pink| hex= FF6FFF| r=255|g=111|b=255| c=  3|m=100|y=  1|k=  0| h=300|s= 48|v= 83

Displayed at right is the Crayola color shocking pink.

This is a Crayola crayon color formulated in 1972 and called ultra pink. In 1990 the name was changed to shocking pink.

Razzle dazzle rose

Displayed at right is the color razzle dazzle rose.

This color is a vivid tone of rose tending toward magenta.

This is a Crayola crayon color formulated in 1972 and called hot magenta. In 1990 the name changed to razzle dazzle rose.

Hot magenta

 title= Hot Magenta| hex= FF1DCE| r=255|g= 29|b=206| c=  0|m= 89|y= 19|k=  0|

h=313|s=89|v=100^[7]

Displayed at right is the color hot magenta.

This color was formulated by Crayola in 1986.

Purple pizzazz

 title= Purple Pizzazz| hex= FE4EDA| r=254|g= 78|b=218| c=  0|m= 69|y= 14|k=  0|

h=312|s=69|v=100^[8]

Displayed at right is the color purple pizzazz.

This color was formulated by Crayola in 1990.

Shocking pink

Shocking pink (the original 1937 shocking pink) takes its name from the tone of pink used in the lettering on the box of the perfume called Shocking,^[9] designed by Leonor Fini for the Surrealist fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli in 1937.

Orchid

 title= Orchid| hex= DA70D6| r=218|g=112|b=214| c=  0|m= 49|y=  2|k= 15| h=302|s= 49|v= 86[10]

The color orchid, since it has a hue code of 302, may be classified as a rich tone of magenta. Orchid is a representation of the color of the orchidaceae flower.

The first recorded use of orchid as a color name in English was in 1915.^[11]

In 1987, orchid was included as one of the X11 colors. After the invention of the world wide web in 1991, these became known as the X11 web colors.

Magenta (Pantone)

 title= Magenta (Pantone)| hex= D0417E| r=208 |g=65  |b=126| c=  0 |m=  69|y= 39|k= 18| h=334 |s=  69|v= 82[12]  

Displayed at right is the color magenta (Pantone), i.e., the color that is called magenta in the Pantone color system.

The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color #17-2036 TPX—Magenta.^[14]

Telemagenta

 hex=CF3476| r=207|g= 52|b= 118| c=  0|m= 75|y=  43|k= 19| h=334|s= 75|v= 81[15]

Displayed at right is the color telemagenta.

This is one of the colors in the RAL color matching system, a color system widely used in Europe. The RAL color list first originated in 1927, and it reached its present form in 1961.

Sky magenta

 title= Sky Magenta| hex= CF71AF| r=207|g=113|b=175| c=  0|m= 45|y= 16|k= 19| h=320|s= 46|v= 81[16]

Displayed at right is the color sky magenta. The color sky magenta is a representation of the color of the sky near the sun during the brief period during twilight when the pink of sunset transitions into the blue of early evening. This color was one of the colors in the set of Venus Paradise colored pencils, a popular brand of colored pencils in the 1950s.

This color is also called medium lavender pink.

A photograph of the sky displaying the color sky magenta in its natural context by photographer Dave Horne [https://www.flickr.com/photos/dhorne/] is displayed here: [https://www.flickr.com/photos/dhorne/1109754369/]

Steel pink

The color steel pink is displayed at right.

The color steel pink was introduced by Crayola in January 2011, when the Ultra Hot and Super Cool set of Crayola colored pencils was fully introduced.

"Steel pink" is a deep tone of magenta.

Magenta haze

 title= Magenta Haze| hex= 9F4576| r=159 |g=69  |b=118| c=  0 |m=  57|y= 26|k= 38| h=327 |s=  57|v= 62[19]  

Displayed at right is the color magenta haze.

The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color #18-2525 TPX—Magenta Haze.^[21]

Quinacridone magenta

 title= Quinacridone Magenta| hex= 8E3A59| r=142 |g=59  |b=89 | c=  0 |m=  59|y= 37|k= 44| h=338 |s=  59|v= 56[22]  

At right is displayed the color quinacridone magenta.

Quinacridone magenta is a color made from quinacridone dye. It is sold in tubes at art supply stores. By mixing various amounts of white with it, artists may create a wide range of light, bright, brilliant, vivid, rich, or deep tones of magenta.

Plum

The color plum, since it has a hue code of 307, may be regarded as a dark tone of magenta. The color plum is a close representation of the average color of the plum fruit.

The first recorded use of plum as a color name in English was in 1805.^[25]

Dark magenta

 title= Dark Magenta| hex= 8B008B| r=139|g=  0|b=139| c=  0|m=100|y=  0|k= 46| h=300|s=100|v= 55[26]

Displayed at right is the web color dark magenta.

Garnet

Displayed at right is the color garnet. It can be considered a dark tone of magenta, with some slight purple tints.{{infobox color|

 title= Garnet| hex= 733635| r=115|g=54|b=214| c=  53|m= 53|y=  54|k= 55| h=1|s= 54|v= 45[27]

This color represents the hue of an average garnet gemstone, though garnets can range in color from orange to (very rarely) green.{{-}}

Wrapping the spectrum into a color wheel

If the visible spectrum is wrapped to form a color wheel, magenta (additive secondary) appears midway between red, and violet:

See also

• Fuchsia (color)
• List of colors
• Rose

References

External links

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20050421151108/http://dept.kent.edu/museum/exhibit/colors/3.htm How the color magenta was discovered in 1859 through research into coal tar (aniline) dyes.]
• Pictures of actual aniline dye samples in various shades of magenta.

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