| 词条 | Sharada script |
| 释义 |
|name=Śāradā |altname=𑆯𑆳𑆫𑆢𑆳 |sample=Bakhshali_manuscript.jpg |caption=An example of early Sharada script, in the Bakhshali manuscript. |type=Abugida |languages=Sanskrit, Kashmiri |time=c. 800 CE–present (almost extinct) |region=India, Pakistan, Central Asia |fam1=Proto-Sinaitic alphabet[a] |fam2=Phoenician alphabet[a] |fam3=Aramaic alphabet[a] |footnotes=[a] The Semitic origin of the Brahmic scripts is not universally agreed upon. |fam4=Brāhmī |fam5=Gupta |sisters=Nāgarī {{IAST|Siddhaṃ}} |children=Gurmukhī Takri Landa |unicode=[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U11180.pdf U+11180–U+111DF] |iso15924=Shrd{{Refimprove|date=May 2012}}{{brahmic|state=uncollapsed}} The Śāradā, Sarada or Sharada script is an abugida writing system of the Brahmic family of scripts. The script was in widespread use between the 8th and 12th centuries in the northwestern parts of India (in Kashmir and neighbouring areas), for writing Sanskrit and Kashmiri.[1][2][3] The Gurmukhī script was developed from Śāradā. Originally more widespread, its use became later restricted to Kashmir, and it is now rarely used except by the Kashmiri Pandit community for ceremonial purposes. It is a native script of Kashmir and is named after Goddess Śāradā,[5] (another name for Saraswati, the goddess of learing),the main deity of the legendary Sharada Peeth temple. The Bakhshali manuscript uses an early stage of the Sharada script.[1] The Sharda script was used in Afghanistan as well as in the Himachal region in India. In Afghanistan, the Kabul Ganesh has a 6th century Proto-Sharda inscription mentioning king Khingala.[6] At the historic Markula Devi Temple, the goddess Mahishamardini has a Sharada inscription of 1569AD.[7] LettersIndependent vowel signsDependent vowel signsConsonantsNumeralsSharada script uses its own signs for the positional decimal numeral system. Image galleryUnicode{{Main|Sharada (Unicode block)}}Śāradā script was added to the Unicode Standard in January, 2012 with the release of version 6.1.[8] The Unicode block for Śāradā script, called Sharada, is U+11180–U+111DF: The chart below will be visible only in computer systems or cell phones that support the Sharada script.(Android 9.0 and upper.) {{Unicode chart Sharada}}See also
References1. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Selin |first1=Helaine |title=Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures |date=2008 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=9781402045592 |page=Bakhshali Manuscript entry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kt9DIY1g9HYC&lpg=RA1-PA1&pg=RA1-PA1 |language=en}} 2. ^{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Upinder |title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century |date=2008 |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=9788131711200 |page=43 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA43 |language=en}} 3. ^[https://archive.org/details/244194891OnTheSharadaAlphabetJournalOfTheRoyalAsiaticSociety171916SirGeorgeGriersonKCIEMRAS/page/n17Sir George Grierson, On The Sharada Alphabet, Journal Of The Royal Asiatic Society 17 1916] 4. ^For photograph of statue and details of inscription, see: Dhavalikar, M. K., "{{IAST|Gaņeśa}}: Myth and Reality", in: {{Harvnb|Brown|1991|pp=50,63}}. 5. ^{{cite news|authorlink= |author= |coauthors= |title=Pandits to visit Sharda temple|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/05/17/stories/2006051704920900.htm |newspaper=The Hindu |location= |id= |pages= |page= |date=17 May 2006 |accessdate=13 August 2012}} 6. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=x2cuAQAAIAAJ&q=khingala+ganesha+sarAda&dq=khingala+ganesha+sarAda&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiH8c6Lv4TfAhXGzlQKHd0MBVAQ6AEIKjAA From Persepolis to the Punjab: Exploring Ancient Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan, Elizabeth Errington, Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis, British Museum Press, 2007 p. 96] 7. ^[https://www.jstor.org/stable/29757141 Observations on the Architecture and on a Carved Wooden Door of the Temple of MirkulāDevī at Udaipur, Himachal Pradesh, Francesco Noci, East and West, Vol. 44, No. 1 (March 1994), pp. 99-114] 8. ^Proposal to Encode the Sharada Script in ISO/IEC 10646 March 25, 2009 External links
4 : Brahmic scripts|Sarada scripts|History of Kashmir|Scripts encoded in Unicode 6.1 |
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