词条 | Medfield, Massachusetts | ||||||||||||||||
释义 |
|official_name = Medfield, Massachusetts |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = Dwight-derby.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Dwight-Derby House (1651) |image_seal = MedfieldMA-seal.png |image_flag = |image_map = Medfield_ma_highlight.png |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location in Norfolk County in Massachusetts |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Massachusetts |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Norfolk |established_title = Settled |established_date = 1649 |established_title2 = Incorporated |established_date2 = 1651 |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |government_type = Open town meeting |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 37.8 |area_total_sq_mi = 14.6 |area_land_km2 = 37.6 |area_land_sq_mi = 14.5 |area_water_km2 = 0.2 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.1 |population_as_of = 2010 |settlement_type = Town |population_total = 12024 |population_density_km2 = 319.8 |population_density_sq_mi = 829.2 |elevation_m = 54 |elevation_ft = 178 |timezone = Eastern |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = Eastern |utc_offset_DST = -4 |coordinates = {{coord|42|11|15|N|71|18|25|W|region:US-MA|display=inline,title}} |website = http://www.town.medfield.net/ |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 02052 |area_code = 508 / 774 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 25-39765 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0618323 |footnotes = }} Medfield is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. The population is 12,024 according to the 2010 Census. It is a community about 17 miles southwest of Boston, Massachusetts, which is a 40-minute drive to Boston's financial district. Attractions include the Hinkley Pond and the Peak House. HistoryThe territory that Medfield now occupies was, at the time of colonization, Neponset land. After the British took the Natives' land by force and spread a variety of diseases to the people, it was apparently sold by the Neponset leader Chickatabot to William Pynchon in the late 1620s. In 1633, however, Chickatabot died in a smallpox epidemic that decimated nearby Neponset, Narragansett and Pequot communities. Because Chickatabot and Pynchon's deal left no written deed, the Massachusetts General Court ordered "those Indians who were present when Chickatabot sold lands to Mr. Pynchon, or who know where they were, to set out the bounds thereof". Fifty years later, Chickatabot's grandson Josias Wampatuck brought a land claim against Medfield and the other towns created within the borders of the Chickatabot purchase, for which he received payment. Of those lands, Dedham was the first town formed.[1] Dedham was incorporated in 1636, and Medfield (New Dedham) was first settled in 1649, principally by people who relocated from the former town. The first 13 house lots were laid out on June 19, 1650. In May 1651, the town was incorporated by an act of the General Court as the 43rd town in Massachusetts.[2]The Rev. Ralph Wheelock is credited with the founding of Medfield. He was the first schoolmaster of the town's school established in 1655,[3] and now has an elementary school named after him. Half the town (32 houses, two mills, many barns and other buildings) was destroyed by Native Americans during King Philip's War in 1675.[3] One house, known as the Peak House, was burnt in the war but was rebuilt shortly thereafter near downtown Medfield. The town's boundaries originally extended into present-day Medway and Millis. In 1713 the town was divided, with the section west of the Charles River becoming the new town of Medway.[4] GeographyAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 14.6 square miles (37.8 km²), of which 14.5 square miles (37.6 km²) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.2 km²) (0.62%) is water. The Charles River borders almost one-third of Medfield. Medfield is surrounded by the towns Dover, Norfolk, Walpole, Millis, and Sherborn. The Charles River marks the Millis border. Surrounding communitiesTowns that border Medfield: Dover Millis Norfolk Sherborn Walpole {{Geographic location|Northwest = Sherborn |North = Dover |Northeast = |East = Westwood |West = Millis |Center = Medfield |South = Norfolk |Southeast = Walpole |}} Demographics{{Historical populations | type=USA| 1850|966 | 1860|1082 | 1870|1142 | 1880|1371 | 1890|1493 | 1900|2926 | 1910|3466 | 1920|3595 | 1930|4066 | 1940|4384 | 1950|4549 | 1960|6021 | 1970|9821 | 1980|10220 | 1990|10531 | 2000|12273 | 2010|12024 | footnote=* = population estimate. {{Historical populations/Massachusetts municipalities references}} }} Population and housing
Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.90% of the population.
Age distribution
Income data{{See also|List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income}}
EducationMedfield Public Schools consistently ranks among the top ten school systems in Massachusetts by the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS).[5] As recently as 2017, Medfield was ranked by the U.S. News & World Report as the number 5 ranked school system in Massachusetts. As of 2013, Medfield High School Seniors scored an average of 591 on the SAT Critical Reading Section, 618 on the SAT Math Section, and 598 on the SAT Writing Section.[6]In 2005, Medfield High School and T.A. Blake Middle School switched buildings as a result of a massive construction project updating the current Medfield High School (formally T.A. Blake Middle School). Public schools:
Private schools:
LibrariesMedfield's Free Public Library began in 1873.[9] The public library is located on Main Street.[10] In the late 18th century some of the residents of Medfield and surrounding towns formed a subscription library, called the Medfield Social Library.[11] Events
Medfield State HospitalMedfield State Hospital, located at 45 Hospital Road, opened in 1896 and originally operated on {{convert|685|acre|km2}} of pasture. At its peak in 1952, it housed 1,500 patients. By 2001, it was down to about {{convert|300|acre|km2}} and employed 450 people (including four psychologists) to care for a maximum of 147 patients. The cost to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts was $21.5 million. On April 3, 2003, the doors were closed. Although the buildings are not open to the public (they have been boarded up), the grounds may be visited during daylight hours.
Points of interest
Notable people
References1. ^Tilden, W. S. (1887). History of the town of Medfield, Massachusetts, 1650-1886 : with genealogies of the families that held real estate or made any considerable stay in the town during the first two centuries, pp. 21-23. Boston: G. H. Ellis. Quotation from the General Court, qtd. by Tilden. 2. ^Tilden, W. S. (1884). "Medfield". In D. Hamilton Hurd (Ed.), [https://books.google.com/books?id=QTQWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA439 History of Norfolk County, Massachusetts], pp. 439–41. Philadelphia: J. W. Lewis & Co. 3. ^1 Tilden 1884, p. 442. 4. ^Tilden 1884, p. 443. 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.doe.mass.edu/mcas/results.html |title=2011 MCAS Results - Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System |publisher=Doe.mass.edu |date=2011-10-14 |accessdate=2011-10-30}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.medfield.net/mhs/attachments/article/38/Guidance%20Profile%202013%202014.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-12-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226203209/http://www.medfield.net/mhs/attachments/article/38/Guidance%20Profile%202013%202014.pdf |archivedate=December 26, 2013 |df=mdy-all }} 7. ^1 2 3 4 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060111134649/http://www.medfield.net/ |date=January 11, 2006 }} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.montroseschool.org/ |title=Montrose School, an independent girls' school for grades 6-12 in Medfield, Massachusetts |publisher=Montroseschool.org |accessdate=2011-10-30}} 9. ^Report of the Free Public Library Commission of Massachusetts, v.9. 1899 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.medfieldlibrary.org/ |title=medfieldpubliclibrary.org |publisher=Medfieldlibrary.org |accessdate=2011-10-30}} 11. ^Medfield Library [catalog]. Dedham, Mass.: Printed at the Dedham Gazette office, 1816. 12. ^1 2 http://medfieldmemo.org/ 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.medfieldfoundation.org/angelrun.html/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-12-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810004206/http://www.medfieldfoundation.org/angelrun.html |archivedate=August 10, 2013 |df=mdy-all }} 14. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/medfield/news/x1151542876 |title=Film crews visit Medfield State Hospital - Medfield, MA - Medfield Press |publisher=Wickedlocal.com |accessdate=2011-10-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108141211/http://www.wickedlocal.com/medfield/news/x1151542876 |archivedate=November 8, 2012 |df=mdy-all }} 15. ^{{cite web|author=Rocky Woods |url=http://www.thetrustees.org/pages/361_rocky_woods.cfm |title=Rocky Woods | Medfield, MA | The Trustees of Reservations |publisher=Thetrustees.org |date=2011-08-15 |accessdate=2011-10-30}} 16. ^{{cite web|author=Noon Hill |url=http://www.thetrustees.org/pages/342_noon_hill.cfm |title=Noon Hill | Medfield, MA | The Trustees of Reservations |publisher=Thetrustees.org |date=2011-08-15 |accessdate=2011-10-30}} 17. ^http://www.medfieldhistoricalsociety.org 18. ^{{cite web|last=Knapp |first=Theresa |url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/medfield/features/x1966824852/Timber-analysis-dates-Mason-house-beams-to-1600s |title=Wicked Local Medfield, "Timber analysis dates Mason house beams to 1600s" Theresa Knapp/correspondent GateHouse News Service (Nov 29, 2010 @ 12:53 pm) |publisher=Wickedlocal.com |date=2010-11-29 |accessdate=2011-10-30}} 19. ^http://www.lowellmasonhouse.org 20. ^{{cite web|author=Richard DeSorgher |url=http://medfield.patch.com/articles/the-mystery-of-medfields-lady-of-route-27 |title=The Mystery of Medfield's 'Lady of Route 27' - Medfield, MA Patch |work=Medfield.patch.com |date=2011-05-07 |publisher=AOL Inc |accessdate=2011-10-30}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mafishfinder.com/050309-kingsbury-pond-medfield-ma-1500-trip.html |title=05/03/09 - Kingsbury Pond - Medfield, MA Details |publisher=MA Fish Finder |accessdate=2011-10-30}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.connexions.org/CxLibrary/Docs/CxP-Metacomet.htm |title=Metacomet - Connexipedia article |publisher=Connexions.org |date=2010-08-10 |accessdate=2011-10-30}} 23. ^{{cite web |last=Tremblay |first=Debbie |url=http://medfield.patch.com/listings/metacomet-park-3 |title=Metacomet Park - Medfield, MA Patch |publisher=Medfield.patch.com |accessdate=2011-10-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120710032401/http://medfield.patch.com/listings/metacomet-park-3 |archivedate=July 10, 2012 |df=mdy-all }} 24. ^http://www.cosmopolitan.com/celebrity/exclusive/uzo-aduba-gap-tooth 25. ^Matthew Aucoin 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2003/baseball/mlb/12/22/bledsoe_schilling.ap/index.html |title=SI.com - MLB - Schilling buying Bledsoe's old home - Monday December 22, 2003 5:37PM |publisher=Sportsillustrated.cnn.com |date=2003-12-22 |accessdate=2011-10-30}} External links{{Wikivoyage|Medfield}}{{Commons category}}
4 : Towns in Norfolk County, Massachusetts|Towns in Massachusetts|1650 establishments in Massachusetts|Medfield, Massachusetts |
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