“Shunt equation”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Shunt equation

释义

Derivation
See also
References

{{dablink|In Medicine shunt may also refer to Cardiac shunts, Cerebral shunts, Lumbar-peritoneal shunts, or Peritoneovenous shunts, for additional shunts in medicine see Shunt (medical).}}

The Shunt equation quantifies the extent that venous blood bypasses oxygenation in the capillaries of the lung.

Shunt and dead space are terms used to describe conditions where either blood flow or ventilation does not meet the other in the lung as it should for gas exchange to take place. They can also be used to describe areas or effects where blood flow and ventilation are not properly matched though both may be present to varying extents. Some refer to shunt-effect or dead space-effect to designate the ventilation/perfusion mismatch states that are less extreme than absolute shunt or dead space.

The following equation relates the percentage of blood flow that is not exposed to inhaled gas, called the shunt fraction , to the content of oxygen in venous, arterial, and pulmonary capillary blood.

^[1]^[2]

Where:

Q_s = Pulmonary Physiologic Shunt (mL/min)

Q_t = Cardiac Output (mL/min)

C_CO2 = End-pulmonary-capillary Oxygen Content

C_aO2 = Arterial oxygen content

C_VO2 = Mixed Venous Oxygen Content

Derivation

The blood entering the pulmonary system will have oxygen flux , where is oxygen content of the venous blood and is the total cardiac output.

Similarly, the blood emerging from the pulmonary system will have oxygen flux , where is oxygen content of the arterial blood.

This will be made up of blood that bypassed the lungs () and that which went through the pulmonary capillaries ().

We can express this as

We can solve for :

If we add the oxygen content of Qs to Qc we get the oxygen content of Qt:

Substitute Qc as above, CcO2 is the oxygen content of pulmonary (alveolar) capillary blood.

Multiply out the brackets.

Get the Qs terms and the Qt terms on the same side.

Factor out the Q terms.

Divide by Qt and by (CcO2 - CvO2).

References

1. ^Respiratory Physiology: The Essentials, J. West, 2005, 7th ed, Page 169
2. ^{{Cite journal|last=Leigh|first=J. M.|last2=Tikrell|first2=M. F.|last3=Stricklaxd|first3=D. a. P.|date=1969-04-01|title=Simplified Versions of the Shunt and Oxygen Consumption Equations|url=http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=1964340|journal=Anesthesiology|language=en|volume=30|issue=4|pages=468–470|issn=0003-3022}}

1 : Physiology

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

Derivation

See also

References