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词条 Shwegyin Nikaya
释义

  1. Origins

  2. References

  3. See also

Shwegyin Nikāya ({{lang-my|ရွှေကျင်နိကာယ}}, {{IPA-my|ʃwèdʑɪ́ɴ nḭkàja̰|IPA}}, also spelt Shwekyin Nikāya) is the name of the second largest monastic order of monks in Burma. Approximately five percent (fifty thousand) of Burma's monks belong to this order.[1] It is one of nine legally sanctioned monastic orders (nikāya) in the country, under the 1990 Law Concerning Sangha Organizations.[2] Shwegyin Nikaya is a more orthodox order than Thudhamma Nikaya, with respect to adherence to the Vinaya,[3] and its leadership is more centralized and hierarchical.[4] The head of the Shwegyin Nikaya is called the Sangha Sammuti ({{lang|my|သံဃာသမ္မုတိ}}), whose authority on doctrine and religious practice is considered absolute ({{lang|my|နိကာယဓိပတိ ဥက္ကဋ္ဌ မဟာနာယက ဓမ္မသေနာပတိ}}).[5]

Origins

Shwegyin Nikaya was founded in the mid-nineteenth century by a chief abbot monk in the village of Shwegyin. It formally separated from the Thudhamma Nikaya during the reign of King Mindon Min, and attempts to reconcile the two sects by the last king of Burma, Thibaw Min, were unsuccessful.[1] Monks of the Shwegyin Nikaya did not participate in the nationalist and anti-colonial movement in British Burma of the early 1900s.

In the 1960s, with the ascent of Ne Win to power, the Shwegyin Nikaya gained monastic influence in the country, as Ne Win sought counsel from a monk at the Mahagandayon Monastery, a Shwegyin monastery in Amarapura.[6]

References

1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/seasia/shwegyin.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2009-04-12 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217115409/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/seasia/shwegyin.html |archivedate=2008-12-17 |df= }}
2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Gutter |first1=Peter |year=2001 |title=Law and Religion in Burma |journal=Legal Issues on Burma Journal |publisher=Burma Legal Council |page=10 |issue=8 |url=http://www.blc-burma.org/pdf/liob/liob8.pdf |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314215506/http://www.blc-burma.org/pdf/liob/liob8.pdf |archivedate=March 14, 2012 }}
3. ^{{cite journal |last1=Aung-Thwin |first1=Michael |year=2009 |title=Of Monarchs, Monks, and Men: Religion and the State in Myanmar |journal=Working Paper Series No. 127 |publisher=Asia Research Institute |issue=18 |url=http://www.ari.nus.edu.sg/docs/wps/wps09_127.pdf }}
4. ^{{cite book |title=Burma's mass lay meditation movement |last=Jordt |first=Ingrid |year=2007 |publisher=Ohio University Press |isbn=978-0-89680-255-1 |page=50 }}
5. ^{{cite book|last=Carbine|first=Jason A|title=Sons of the Buddha: Continuities and Ruptures in a Burmese Monastic Tradition|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|date=2011|volume=50|isbn=978-3-11-025409-9}}
6. ^{{cite book|last=Matthews|first=Bruce|author2=Judith A. Nagata |others=Canadian Council for Southeast Asian Studies|title=Religion, values, and development in Southeast Asia|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies|date=1986|pages=61|isbn=9789971988203}}

See also

  • Thudhamma Nikaya
  • Hngettwin Nikaya
  • Dwara Nikaya
  • Nikaya
  • Buddhism in Burma
{{Theravada Buddhist orders}}{{Religion in Myanmar}}

3 : Theravada Buddhist orders|Religion in Myanmar|Buddhism in Myanmar
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