| 词条 | Siak River |
| 释义 |
| name = Siak | name_other = Sungai Siak, Siak rivier | image = Sungai Siak, Pekanbaru.jpg | image_caption = The Siak River as it flows through Pekanbaru | pushpin_map = Indonesia Sumatra#Indonesia | pushpin_map_size = 285 | pushpin_map_caption= Location of river mouth | source1_location = | mouth = Malacca Strait | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Indonesia | subdivision_type2 = Province | subdivision_name2 = Riau | length = {{convert|370|km|mi|abbr=on}} | mouth_elevation = | source1_elevation = {{convert|0|m|ft|abbr=on}} | discharge1_avg = | basin_size = }} The Siak (Sungai Siak) is a river of Riau province, in the east of Sumatra, Indonesia, about 1000 km northwest of the capital Jakarta.[1] Approximately 370 kilometres in length, the Siak is a blackwater river which owes its brown color to dissolved organic matter (DOM) leached from surrounding, heavily disturbed peat soils; it is heavily polluted, notably by the petroleum industry. It flows through the town of Pekanbaru before emptying into the Strait of Malacca.[2] GeographyThe river flows in the central area of Sumatra with predominantly tropical rainforest climate (designated as Af in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification).[3] The annual average temperature in the area is 23 °C. The warmest month is October, when the average temperature is around 25 °C, and the coldest is January, at 22 °C.[4] The average annual rainfall is 2673 mm. The wettest month is November, with an average of 418 mm rainfall, and the driest is January, with 106 mm rainfall.[5] See also
References1. ^Sungai Siak at Geonames.org (cc-by); Last updated 2013-06-04; Database dump downloaded 2015-11-27 {{Commons category|Siak River}}{{coord|1|14|16|N|102|10|00|E|region:ID-RI_type:waterbody_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}}{{Rivers of Sumatra}}2. ^{{cite book|title=The China sea directory, Volume 1, Hydrographic Dept|authors=John William Reed, John William King|publisher=Hydrographic office, Admiralty|year=1867|url=https://archive.org/details/chinaseadirecto00kinggoog/|page=229}} 3. ^{{Cite journal | title = Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification| url = http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html| year = 2007| journal = Hydrology and Earth System Sciences| volume = 11|pages= 1633-1644| | date =|access-date=30 January 2016| doi = 10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007| first1 =M C| first2 = B L| first3 = T A| last1 = Peel| last2 = Finlayson| last3 =McMahon}} 4. ^{{Cite web |url= http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php|title = NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index|date =30 January 2016 | publisher = NASA}} 5. ^{{Cite web |url= http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M&year=2014|title = NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month - TRMM)| date =30 January 2016 |publisher = NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission}} 1 : Rivers of Riau |
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