| 词条 | Sialis lutaria | |||||
| 释义 |
| image = Sialidae - Sialis sp..JPG | image_caption = Sialis lutaria. Side view | taxon = Sialis lutaria | authority = (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonyms = Hemerobius lutarius Linnaeus, 1758 }}Sialis lutaria, common name alderfly, is a species of alderfly belonging to the order Megaloptera family Sialidae. [1] DistributionThis species is mainly present in Austria, Belgium, United Kingdom, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Poland, Romania and Switzerland. [2] HabitatAdults of this species usually inhabits ponds and slow-flowing streams, while the larvae live in mud and detritus under water. [3] DescriptionAdults can reach {{convert|20|mm}} of length, with a wingspan of {{convert|22|-|34|mm}}. [3] They have a stocky body with a black or dark brown basic coloration, including head and legs. The wings are greyish, membranous and translucent, with pronounced dark venation. At rest they are held roof-like over their body.[4] The flat larvae reach approximately {{convert|17|mm}}. [5] They have large heads, powerful jaws and three pairs of legs. Furthermore they show feathery gills on the abdominal segments. The abdomen terminates with a long gill.[4][3] BiologyAdults are most often encountered from May through June on vegetation near slow-flowing streams or close to ponds. They are bad fliers and never leave the waters where the larvae have developed. Females lay a large quantity of eggs on plants overhanging the waters, where larvae will fall after hatching. Larva are aquatic predators of small invertebrates and usually wait for their prey in silt or under stones just emerging from the water. The life cycle in this species lasts about one-two years, but the adults live two-three days only, without feeding. [5][6][7] GalleryReferences1. ^[https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id61064/ Biolib] 2. ^[https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/2b7ef954-9553-48f6-a4cb-c96b27da7095 Fauna Europaea] 3. ^1 Olsen, L., Sunesen, J., & Pedersen, B. V. (1999) Small freshwater creatures. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 4. ^1 2 {{Cite web |url=http://www.arkive.org/alderfly/sialis-lutaria/#text=All |title=Arkive |access-date=2011-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519002703/http://www.arkive.org/alderfly/sialis-lutaria/#text=All#text=All |archive-date=2011-05-19 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 5. ^1 Macan, T. T. (1959) A guide to freshwater invertebrate animals. Longmans, Green & Co Ltd., London. 6. ^ O'Tool, C. (2002) The new encyclopedia of insects and their allies. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 7. ^ Giani, N., & Laville, H. (1973, January). [https://www.limnology-journal.org/articles/limn/pdf/1973/01/limn197391p45.pdf Cycle biologique et production de Sialis lutaria L.(Megaloptera) dans le lac de Port-Bielh (Pyrenees Centrales)]. In Annales de Limnologie-International Journal of Limnology (Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 45-61). EDP Sciences
External links
5 : Megaloptera|Insects described in 1758|Insects of Europe|Articles containing video clips|Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
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