| 词条 | Meharry Medical College |
| 释义 |
|name = Meharry Medical College |native_name = |image_size = 200px |caption = |latin_name = |motto = |mottoeng = |established = 1876 |closed = |type = Private, HBCU |affiliation = United Methodist Church [1][2] |endowment = $75.2 million[3] |rector = |officer_in_charge = |chairman = |chancellor = |president = |vice-president = |superintendent = |provost = |vice_chancellor = |principal = |dean = Veronica Mallett |director = |head_label = |head = |students = 831 |undergrad = |postgrad = |doctoral = |other = |city = Nashville |state = Tennessee |country = United States |coordinates = {{coord|36.167|-86.807|type:edu|display=inline,title}} |campus = |former_names = Medical Department of Central Tennessee College |free_label = |free = |athletics = |colours = |sports = |nickname = |mascot = |website = {{URL|http://www.mmc.edu/}} |logo = |footnotes = |image_name = WTN_PeepHoles_031.JPG |faculty = |staff = |coor = |colors = |affiliations = Meharry Medical College is a graduate and professional institution that is affiliated with the United Methodist Church and located in Nashville, Tennessee. Founded in 1876 as the Medical Department of Central Tennessee College, it was the first medical school in the South for African Americans. Meharry Medical College was chartered separately in 1915. In the early 21st century, it is the largest private historically black institution in the United States solely dedicated to educating health care professionals and scientists.[4] Meharry Medical College includes its School of Medicine, School of Dentistry, a School of Allied Health Professions, School of Graduate Studies and Research, the Harold R. West Basic Sciences Center, and the Metropolitan General Hospital of Nashville-Davidson County. The degrees that Meharry offers include Doctor of Medicine (M.D.), Doctor of Dental Surgery (D.D.S.), Master of Science in Public Health (M.S.P.H.), Master of Health Science (M.H.S.), and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degrees. Meharry is the second-largest educator of African-American medical doctors and dentists in the United States. {{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} Also, it has the highest percentage of African Americans graduating with Ph.Ds in the biomedical sciences in the country. {{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved is a public health journal owned by and edited at Meharry Medical College. HistoryThe college was named for a young Scots-Irish immigrant salt trader named Samuel Meharry, who was traveling through the rough terrain of Kentucky when his wagon suddenly slipped off the road and fell into a swamp. Meharry was helped by a family of freedmen, whose names are unknown. This family of freedmen gave Meharry food and shelter in the night. The next morning they helped him to recover his wagon. Meharry is reported to have told the former slave family, "I have no money, but when I can I shall do something for your race."[5] In 1875, Samuel Meharry, together with four of his brothers, donated a total of $15,000 to assist with the establishment of a medical department at Central Tennessee College.[5] With the contribution of the Freedman's Aid Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church North, George W. Hubbard and John Braden, an English Methodist cleric, were able to open the Medical Department of Central Tennessee College in 1876. The first class included eleven students. Of these eleven students, one graduated in 1877. The second class, which had its commencement in 1878, had three graduates. In 1886, the Dental Department was founded, followed by a Pharmacy Department that was founded in 1889.[6][7] Among the second class of graduates was Lorenzo Dow Key, the son of Hillery Wattsworth Key. Key, together with Braden, was one of the founding members of the Tennessee Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, North. The church had split into Methodist Episcopal Church North and Methodist Episcopal Church South on the issue of slavery years before the Civil War and was not reunited until 1939. In 1900, Central Tennessee College changed its name to Walden University in honor of John Morgan Walden, a bishop of the Methodist Church who had ministered to freedmen. In 1915, the medical department faculty of Walden University received a separate charter as Meharry Medical College.[6] It included the departments of pharmacy and dentistry. The Medical College remained in its original buildings, and Walden University moved to another campus in Nashville. Meharry Medical College was one of the fourteen medical institutions established between the years of 1868 and 1907. Of these fourteen schools, six were located in the state of Tennessee. These schools were founded after the end of the Civil War, as there was a gap between the number of people in need of health care and the few African-American physicians. White physicians often chose not to serve freedmen. During the late 19th century and into the early 20th century, most medical institutions accepted very few, if any, African-American students. In order to combat this shortage of health care and the lack of accessibility to medical education, individuals, such as Samuel Meharry, and organizations, such as he Medical Association of Colored Physicians, Surgeons, Dentists, and Pharmacists (later renamed the National Medical Association) helped to found medical schools specifically for African Americans.[8] Since its foundation, Meharry Medical College has added several graduate programs in the areas of science, medicine, and public health. In 1938, the School of Graduate Studies and Research was founded. The first master's degree program, a Master of Science in Public Health Degree, was established in 1947. In 1972, a Ph.D. program was implemented, and in 1982 Meharry established an M.D/Ph.D. program. In more recent years Meharry has created a Master's of Science in Clinical Investigation degree program (2004).[9] On November 9, 2017, Meharry signed a memorandum of agreement with Hospital Corporation of America, America's largest for-profit operator of health care facilities. The agreement will have Meharry's medical students training at HCA's TriStar Southern Hills Medical Center in Nashville.[10] Meharry students had previously received clinical training at numerous sites, primarily Nashville General Hospital since it moved on-campus in the 1990s.[11] Provision of inpatient care at Nashville General Hospital without the alliance with Meharry is considered at great risk.[12][13] PresidentsHubbard served as Meharry Medical College's first president until his death in 1921. After Hubbard's death, Meharry Medical College presidents have included:
After George W. Hubbard’s death, a succession of presidents followed until 1950. From 1950-1952 there existed an interim period in which Meharry had no president, but instead had a committee that served as the institutions principal leader. In 1952, Meharry welcomed its first African American president, Dr. Harold D. West. West made numerous changes using a $20 million fund drive. He added a new wing to Hubbard Hospital, eliminated both the nursing and the dental technology programs, and purchased land adjacent to the campus in order to make room for expansion.[14] Another notable former president of the school was Dr. John J. Mullowney. Mullowney became president of Meharry on February 1, 1921. He immediately began to implement changes to the school in order to improve Meharry’s overall rating. Admission requirements were heightened and strictly enforced, a superintendent was implemented at the hospital, and faculty number, research facilities, and hospital facilities were all expanded. Two years after Mullowney took leadership, Meharry Medical College received an ‘A’ rating.[14] In 2005, Meharry was censured by the American Association of University Professors for not observing generally recognized principles of academic freedom and tenure.[15][16] Research Centers
BS/MD ProgramSeven universities are in partnership with Meharry to help recruit and prepare their pre-med students to enroll at Meharry. The seven universities are Alabama A&M University, Albany State University, Fisk University, Grambling State University, Jackson State University, Southern University, and Tennessee State University.[17] Notable alumni{{AlumniStart|width=80%}}{{Alum|name=Dr. John Angelo Lester|year=1895|nota=Professor Emeritus of Physiology, Hospital Surgeon for Company G, unattached, (colored) of Tennessee State Guard, Secretary of Meharry Alumni Association, member of Colored Methodist Episcopal Church.}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Corey Hébert|year=1994|nota=Celebrity Physician, radio talk show host, Chief Medical Editor for National Broadcasting Company for the Gulf Coast, first Black Chief Resident of Pediatrics at Tulane University, Chief executive officer of Community Health TV|ref=[18]}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Alonzo Homer Kenniebrew|year=|nota=Personal Physician to Booker T. Washington and George Washington Carver. Medical Director and physiology teacher of Tuskegee Institute. Founder of New Home Sanitarium, the first African-American owned and operated surgical hospital in America.}}{{Alum|name=Dr. E. Anthony Rankin|year=|nota=Chief of Orthopaedic Surgery at Providence Hospital & Founder of Rankin Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Second Vice President of the Board of Directors of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS).|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Willie Adams, Jr.|year=|nota=Mayor of Albany, Georgia|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Billy Ray Ballard, MD, DDS|year=|nota=First African American Board Certified Oral Pathologist, Previous Chair for the AAMC Group on Student Affairs; Former Vice President for Student Affairs and Associate Dean of Students and Admissions, UTMB Galveston Medical School|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Hastings Kamuzu Banda|year=|nota=President of the Republic of Malawi|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Edward S. Cooper|year=|nota=President of the American Heart Association|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Reginald Coopwood|year=|nota=CEO of the Regional Medical Center at Memphis|ref=}}{{Alum|name=James J. Durham|year=1882|nota=Founder of Morris College|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Renita Barge Clark|year=1992|nota=Founder of The Cotillion Society of Detroit and The Educational Foundation, President of Jack and Jill of America Detroit Chapter|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Cleveland W. Eneas, Sr.|year=|nota=Senator, Government of The Bahamas. Author of The History of The Class of 1941 of Meharry Medical College|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Sandra Gadson|year=|nota=Former President of the National Medical Association|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Winston C. Hackett|year=|nota= First African-American physician in Arizona |ref=[19][20]}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Robert Walter Johnson|year=|nota=Tennis Instructor for Althea Gibson and Arthur Ashe, Physician and Educator|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Robert Lee, DDS|year=1944|nota=South Carolina-born dentist who emigrated to Ghana in 1956 and operated a dental practice there for nearly five decades until his retirement in 2002|ref=[21]}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Monroe Alpheus Majors|year=|nota=Physician and writer and civil rights activist in Texas and Los Angeles, California.|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Audrey F. Manley|year=|nota=Acting Surgeon General of the United States, President Spelman College|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. John E. Maupin|year=|nota=President of Morehouse School of Medicine|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Conrad Murray|year=|nota=Personal physician of Michael Jackson, convicted of involuntary manslaughter in Jackson's death on June 25, 2009.|ref=}}[22]{{Alum|name=Maj. General Leonard Randolph, Jr.|year=|nota=Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense, Health Plan Administration|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Louis Pendleton|year=|nota=dentist and civil rights leader in Shreveport, Louisiana|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Charles V. Roman|year=|nota= President of the National Medical Association. Author of A History of Meharry Medical College|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Frank S. Royal|year=1968|nota=chair of Meharry Medical college's board; director of public companies; former president of the National Medical Association|ref=[23]}}{{Alum|name=Dr. C. O. Simpkins, Sr.|year=|nota=dentist and civil rights leader in Shreveport; member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1992 to 1996|ref=[24]}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Walter R. Tucker, Jr.|year=|nota=Former Mayor of Compton, California|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Matthew Walker, Sr.|year=|nota=Former Professor and Chairman of the Department of Surgery, Meharry. Author of "President's Farewell Address" Journal of the National Medical Association 1955 |ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Reuben Warren|year=|nota=Associate Director for Minority Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Charles H. Wright|year=|nota=Founder of the Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Lorenzo Raymond Sylvanus Nelson, M.D.|year=|nota=Regimental Surgeon, Major, Medical Corps, 366th Infantry Regiment, 5th Army, World War II, grandson of Lorenzo Dow Key, M.D., 1878 and great-grandson of Hillery Wattsworth Key, D.D., Trustee, Walden University.|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Jeanne Spurlock, M.D. |year=|nota=noted Psychiatrist, Chairman of Department, Meharry Medical College (1968) and Department of Neuropsychiatry, Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago, Illinois; Fellow, American Association of Psychiatry|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Emily F. Pollard, M.D., FACS|year=|nota=noted plastic surgeon, "TOP Doctor" in Philadelphia Magazine, appearances on The Oprah Winfrey Show|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Carl C. Bell, M.D.|year=|nota=Community Psychiatrist, International Researcher, Academician, Author, President/CEO|ref=}}{{Alum|name=Dr. Emma Rochelle Wheeler|year=1905|nota=Founder of Walden Hospital and school of nursing, both serving African Americans, in Chattanooga, TN|ref=[25]}}{{Alum|name=Dr. James Maxie Ponder|year=|nota=First African American physician in St. Petersburg, Florida|ref=[26]}}{{AlumniEnd}} References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://public.gbhem.org/iamscu/search_results.asp?act=search_gen&search_txt=MEHARRY+MEDICAL+COLLEGE&type=schools&submit=GO |title=Meharry Medical College |publisher=International Association of Methodist Schools, Colleges, and Universities (IAMSCU) |accessdate=2007-06-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726074913/http://public.gbhem.org/iamscu/search_results.asp?act=search_gen&search_txt=MEHARRY%2BMEDICAL%2BCOLLEGE&type=schools&submit=GO |archivedate=July 26, 2011 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.mmc.edu/about/index.html|title = About Meharry|publisher = Meharry Medical College|accessdate = 2007-06-29|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121027034051/http://www.mmc.edu/about/index.html|archive-date = 2012-10-27|dead-url = yes|df = }} 3. ^As of June 30, 2009. {{Cite web| title = U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2009 Endowment Market Value and Percentage Change in Endowment Market Value from FY 2008 to FY 2009| work = 2009 NACUBO-Commonfund Study of Endowments| publisher = National Association of College and University Business Officers| url = http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/research/2009_NCSE_Public_Tables_Endowment_Market_Values.pdf| format = PDF| accessdate = March 2, 2010| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171214124106/http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/research/2009_NCSE_Public_Tables_Endowment_Market_Values.pdf| archive-date = December 14, 2017| dead-url = yes| df = mdy-all}} 4. ^Marian Wright Edelman to speak at Meharry Medical College commencement, Nashville Business Journal, May 6, 2008 5. ^1 "The Salt Wagon Story", Meharry Medical College website (accessed September 12, 2007) 6. ^1 Reavis L. Mitchell, Jr., Meharry Medical College, Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture 7. ^Thomas Jr, James G., and Charles Reagan Wilson, eds. The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture: Volume 22: Science and Medicine. UNC Press Books, 2012. 8. ^{{Cite journal|last=Hansen|first=Axel|date=April 2002|title=African Americans in Medicine|url=|journal=Journal of the National Medical Association|volume=94|pages=266–271}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.mmc.edu/_modules/events/didyouknow2.html|title=Quick Facts|last=|first=|date=|website=Meharry Medical College|access-date=}} 10. ^{{cite news|last1=Kacik|first1=Alex|title=HCA partners with Meharry Medical College to train students|url=http://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20171109/NEWS/171109870|accessdate=November 18, 2017|work=Modern Healthcare|publisher=Crain Communications, Inc.|date=November 9, 2017|language=en-us}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Nashville General Hospital|url=http://www.mmc.edu/patientcare/school-of-medicine/nghlanding.html|website=Meharry Medical College|accessdate=November 18, 2017}} 12. ^{{cite news|last1=Stinnett|first1=Joel|title=HCA strikes student-training deal with Meharry|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/nashville/news/2017/11/09/hca-strikes-student-training-deal-with-meharry.html|accessdate=November 18, 2017|work=Nashville Business Journal|date=November 9, 2017}} 13. ^{{cite news|last1=Fletcher|first1=Holly|title=Nashville General board member resigns, mayor apologizes for surprise hospital announcement|url=http://www.tennessean.com/story/money/industries/health-care/2017/11/17/nashville-general-board-member-resigns-mayor-apologizes-surprise-hospital-announcement/870026001/|accessdate=November 18, 2017|work=The Tennessean|agency=USA Today Network|date=November 17, 2017|language=en}} 14. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Mitchell Jr.|first=Reavis|date=January 2010|title=Meharry Medical College|url=http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entry.php?rec=885|journal=The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture|volume=2|pages=}} 15. ^{{cite journal|title=Academic Freedom and Tenure: Meharry Medical College {{!}} AAUP|journal=Academe|publisher=American Association of University Professors|date=November 2004|url=https://www.aaup.org/AAUP/programs/academicfreedom/investrep/2004/Meharry.htm|accessdate=November 18, 2017}} 16. ^{{cite news|last1=Spragens|first1=John|title=Labor Pains at Meharry|url=https://www.nashvillescene.com/news/article/13012070/labor-pains-at-meharry|accessdate=18 November 2017|work=Nashville Scene|date=July 21, 2005|language=en}} 17. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20130611075147/http://www.mmc.edu/education/som/centers/academic-centers/coe/programs.html] 18. ^{{cite news |url=http://drcoreyhebert.com/ |title=Dr. Corey Hébert |publisher=drcoreyhebert.com |accessdate=2017-03-06}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://azinformant.com/arizona-black-history-and-the-hackett-aldridge-connection/|title=Arizona Black History and the Hackett – Aldridge Connection|website=Azinformant.com|accessdate=30 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925132330/http://azinformant.com/arizona-black-history-and-the-hackett-aldridge-connection/|archive-date=25 September 2017|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.phoenixmag.com/history/color-blind-care.html|title=Color-Blind Care - History|first=Douglas|last=Towne|website=Phoenixmag.com|accessdate=30 December 2017}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=186152|first=Elizabeth K.|last=Asante|title=Dentist Championed African-American community in Ghana|work=Ghana Web|date=2010-07-07|accessdate=2012-11-03}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20295384,00.html|title=INSIDE STORY: The Two Sides of Dr. Conrad Murray|website=People.com|accessdate=30 December 2017}} 23. ^{{cite news|title=Meharry board chair to retire after 30 years|url=https://www.nashvillepost.com/business/people/article/20848527/meharry-board-chair-to-retire-after-30-years|accessdate=May 22, 2018|work=Nashville Post|date=January 10, 2017}} 24. ^"Louisiana: Simpkins, C. O.", Who's Who in American Politics, 2003-2004, 19th ed., Vol. 1 (Alabama-Montana) (Marquis Who's Who: New Providence, New Jersey, 2003), p. 794 25. ^Elizabeth H. Oakes, "Wheeler, Emma Rochelle (1882-1957), American Physician," in Oakes, Encyclopedia of World Scientists, rev. ed. (New York: Infobase Publications, 2007), 763-764. 26. ^{{cite web |url=http://dspace.nelson.usf.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10806/5221/Ponder_Collection_2001_01.pdf?sequence=1 |title=The Ernest Ayer Ponder Collection |last1=Arsenault |first1=Kathy |date= January 17, 2001 |website= University of South Florida St. Petersburg: Digital Archive |publisher=University of South Florida St. Petersburg |accessdate= 2016-09-20}} Additional references
External links{{commons category}}
9 : Universities and colleges in Nashville, Tennessee|Private universities and colleges in Tennessee|Historically black universities and colleges in the United States|Medical schools in Tennessee|Meharry Medical College|Universities and colleges accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools|Historically black hospitals in the United States|African-American history in Nashville, Tennessee|Universities and colleges affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal Church |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。