| 词条 | Simon Spoor |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Simon Spoor | honorific_suffix = | image = Simon Spoor (1948).jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Simon Spoor in 1948 | birth_name = Simon Hendrik Spoor | other_name = | nickname = | birth_date = {{birth date|1902|1|12|df=yes}} | birth_place = Amsterdam, Netherlands | death_date = {{death date and age|1949|5|25|1902|1|12|df=yes}} | death_place = Jakarta, Indonesia | placeofburial_label = | placeofburial = | placeofburial_coordinates = | allegiance = {{flag|Netherlands}} | branch = Royal Netherlands East Indies Army | serviceyears = 1923–1949 | serviceyears_label = | rank = General | rank_label = | servicenumber = | unit = | commands = Chief of Staff of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army | battles_label = | battles = {{ubl|World War II|Indonesian National Revolution}} | awards = {{ubl|Military William Order|Medal of Freedom}} | memorials = | spouse = {{ubl|L. A. M. Ooms (1923–1938)[1]|Rika Kroeze (1938–1947)[1]|Mans Dijkema (1947–1949)[1]}} | relations = | laterwork = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | website = | module = }}General Simon Hendrik Spoor ({{IPA-nl|ˈsimɔn ˈɦɛndrɪk spoːr}}; 12 January 1902 – 25 May 1949) was the Chief of Staff of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army and the Royal Dutch Army in the Dutch East Indies, from 1946 to 1949, during the Indonesian National Revolution.[2] CareerSpoor was educated at a secondary school in The Hague, the cadet school in Alkmaar and the Royal Military Academy in Breda.[2] In 1923 he was appointed as second lieutenant of infantry and was seconded to the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army from 1924 in Dutch Borneo. From 1929 to 1932 he studied at the Higher War College in The Hague.{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}} After having served in the General Staff in Bandung for two years, in 1934 he took a position as teacher of strategy and tactics at the Royal Military Academy in Breda.{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}} In 1938, Spoor returned to the Dutch East Indies, as Head of the Political Affairs Department of the General Staff and the Higher War College in Bandung. He taught Laws of war and East Indies Martial law. He was also an employee of the military 'Javabode'.{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}} World War II{{See also|Japanese occupation of Indonesia}}In March 1942 Spoor belonged to the select group of senior officials and military staff who after the capitulation of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army high command in Java to the Japanese Imperial Army emigrated to Australia. He was charged with building the Netherlands Forces Intelligence Service (NEFIS). He became a staff member to the American General Douglas MacArthur during the New Guinea campaign and was also present at the invasion with General MacArthur. Indonesian National Revolution{{See also|Indonesian National Revolution}}By Royal Decree of 19 January 1946, the then 44-year-old Colonel Spoor was appointed army commander in the Dutch East Indies with the temporary rank of lieutenant general. On 31 January, he took over the command of Lieutenant General L H van Oyen. In March 1946 Major General D C Buurman van Vreeden, as well as Spoor former staff officer of the KNIL, were assigned to him as Chief of Staff, Major Julius Tahija became his personal Adjudant. Operationally the army commander functioned in the Dutch East Indies, until autumn 1946, under the Allied South-East Asia Command (SEAC) (under Mountbatten), such that only small numbers of Dutch troops were allowed in Java. From September 1946 the integration of the Dutch troops coming from the Netherlands into the KNIl troops required a large and cumbersome organization. He led the two large Dutch military offensives ({{lang-nl|Politionele acties}}) into Java against Indonesian Republican positions; Operation Product and Operation Kraai. DeathGeneral Spoor died unexpectedly on 25 May 1949.[2] He was buried on 28 May 1949 in the Ereveld Menteng Pulo Dutch Cemetery in Jakarta, among 'his men'. Some critics say he was poisoned,{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}} the Dutch historian Jaap de Moor explains in his biography about General Spoor that he was just an 'overworked man'.{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}} Ranks
Awards and decorations
In April 2009, his widow, Mans Spoor-Dijkema, gave Spoor's medals to Bronbeek museum where his uniform was already exhibited. References1. ^1 2 F.J.M. Otten, "Spoor, Simon Hendrik (1902-1949)" (in Dutch), Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland, 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2016. 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite web | first= | last= | title=Generaal S. H. Spoor | work=Het Vergeten Leger | date= | url=http://www.hetdepot.com/GeneraalSpoor.html | language=Dutch | accessdate=5 July 2014}}
External links
12 : 1902 births|1949 deaths|Commanders of the Order of Orange-Nassau|Graduates of the Koninklijke Militaire Academie|Knights Commander of the Military Order of William|Knights of the Order of the Netherlands Lion|People from Amsterdam|People of the Indonesian National Revolution|Recipients of the Bronze Lion|Recipients of the Medal of Freedom|Royal Netherlands East Indies Army generals|Royal Netherlands East Indies Army officers |
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