| 词条 | Single Farm Payment |
| 释义 |
The Single Farm Payment is an agricultural subsidy paid to farmers in the EU.[1] HistoryHistorically, the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) emphasised direct subsidies for agricultural produce. To reduce price distortion, the connection between payments and specific crops was removed; instead, a "Single Farm Payment", which subsidised farmers on a per-hectare basis, was introduced in June 2003; although farmers may now attempt to claim subsidies for more land than they actually have.[2] This "decoupling" of subsidies means they are accepted in the "Blue box" category of subsidies in the WTO Agreement on Agriculture negotiated at the Uruguay Round, in line with international agreements to reduce market-distorting subsidies and price controls. Payments to farmersNational governments within the EU make their own arrangements for implementation and for paying subsidies to farmers; in the UK this is done by the Rural Payments Agency, an executive agency of Defra.[3] Some British farmers have experienced problems due to delays in verifying how much land they have which is eligible for subsidy.[4] The Scottish government offers farmers an online system to claim subsidies, which reduces the burden of paperwork.[5] In non-Euro countries, payments to farmers may be made in local currency at an exchange rate set by the European Central Bank.[6] TradingSome farmers trade their subsidy entitlements.[7] EconomicsThe Single Farm Payment is a large proportion of income for many farmers,[8] who say they could not profit without subsidies.[9][10] However, farm subsidies in developed countries push down food prices and impoverish third-world farmers. Taxpayers in the EU get more than most in return for their money.[11][12] In 2010, the EU spent €57 billion on agricultural development, of which €39 billion was spent on direct subsidies.[13] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/agriculture/general_framework/ag0003_en.htm|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Single Farm Payment}} {{EU-stub}}2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/sp/?id=2010-11-11.30377.1|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Single Farm Payment Scheme...: 11 Nov 2010: Scottish Parliament debates (TheyWorkForYou.com)}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.defra.gov.uk/foodfarm/farmmanage/singlepay/|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Defra, UK – Farming – Single Payment Scheme}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thewestmorlandgazette.co.uk/news/7640579.Single_Farm_Payment_nightmare_for_farmers/|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Single Farm Payment nightmare for farmers (From The Westmorland Gazette)}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.farminguk.com/news/Christmas-boost-to-farm-payment-schedule_19495.html|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Christmas-boost-to-farm-payment-schedule-Farming-UK-news}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/farmingrural/Agriculture/grants/Schemes/SFPS/Introduction|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Introduction}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.webbpaton.co.uk/Whatwedo/SingleFarmPaymentScheme.aspx|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Single Farm Payment }} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.reformthecap.eu/blog/sfp-phase-out-options|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Options for getting rid of the Single Farm Payment – Reform the CAP}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.impartialreporter.com/news/farming/articles/2010/01/14/390577-future-of-single-farm-payment-important-for-farm-viability-ufu|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Future of Single Farm Payment important for farm viability: UFU – News – Farming – Articles – Impartial Reporter}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.welshcountry.co.uk/news-from-around-wales/706-agriculture/8017-2010-single-farm-payment-exchange-rate-confirmed-|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=2010 Single Farm Payment Exchange Rate Confirmed}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.reformthecap.eu/blog/sfp-phase-out-options|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Options for getting rid of the Single Farm Payment |publisher = Reform the CAP}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.europesworld.org/NewEnglish/Home_old/PartnerPosts/tabid/671/PostID/1540/language/en-US/Default.aspx|accessdate=2 January 2011|title=Europe's World – The only Europe-wide Ideas Community – Partner Posts}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/budget/data/D2010_VOL4/EN/nmc-titleN123A5/index.html|accessdate=1 January 2011|title=Title 05 — Agriculture and rural development}} 3 : Economy of the European Union|European Union and agriculture|Agricultural subsidies |
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