| 词条 | Meldrim Thomson Jr. |
| 释义 |
|name = Meldrim Thomson Jr. |image = Meldrim Thomson.jpg |order = 73rd |office = Governor of New Hampshire |term_start = January 4, 1973 |term_end = January 4, 1979 |lieutenant = |predecessor = Walter R. Peterson Jr. |successor = Hugh J. Gallen |birth_date = {{birth-date|March 8, 1912|March 8, 1912}} |birth_place = Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|2001|4|19|1912|03|8}} |death_place = Orford, New Hampshire, U.S. |party = Republican |otherparty = American Independent (1970) |spouse = Anne Gale Kelly |profession = publisher |religion = }} Meldrim Thomson Jr. (March 8, 1912 – April 19, 2001) was an American politician who served three terms as governor of the U.S. state of New Hampshire from 1973 to 1979. A Republican, he was known as a strong supporter of conservative political values. Early lifeThomson was born in 1912 in Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania, the son of Meldrim and Marion (Booth) Thomson, and was raised in Georgia and Florida.[1] He was an Eagle Scout. Thomson attended Mercer University, Washington and Jefferson College, and the University of Georgia School of Law and was admitted to the practice of law in Florida in 1936.[2] In 1938, he married his secretary, Anne Gale Kelly, and together they had six children. Thomson made his fortune publishing law books. In 1952, he founded Equity Publishing Corp., which published the laws of New Hampshire, Vermont, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico in English and Spanish. In 1955, he moved his family to New Hampshire, where he became involved in local and state educational and tax issues. Political careerIn 1966, as chairman of the Orford School Board, Thomson refused to accept federal education aid because he said there were too many strings attached. He lost races for governor in Republican primaries in 1968 and 1970, running again in the 1970 general election on the third-party American Independent party.[3] He finally won the governorship in 1972 as a Republican after a campaign in which he pledged to veto any new sales or income tax that was put on his desk, and he further promised not to raise existing taxes.[4] In his bid for re-election in 1978, Thomson lost to Democrat Hugh Gallen.[5] Thomson considered running for the presidency in 1980, but instead ran for governor, again losing to Gallen. In 1982 he ran for governor as an Independent, getting just 1.7% of the vote.[6] GovernorshipThomson coined the slogans "Low taxes are the result of low spending" and "Ax the Tax" to represent his fiscal philosophy. During his tenure, the state reinstituted the death penalty and abolished most of New Hampshire's taxes (income, capital gains, sales, etc.). He was also a strong proponent of state sovereignty. When Thomson learned Massachusetts tax agents were at New Hampshire liquor stores taking down the numbers on cars with Massachusetts license plates, he had them arrested.[7] When he learned that Maine had arrested a Portsmouth, New Hampshire lobsterman, in Maine waters, he began what was known as the "Lobster war."[8] The conflict ended in the US Supreme Court with the drawing of an ocean boundary between the two states at the mouth of the Piscataqua River.[9] In 1978, Thomson appointed David Souter to the Superior Court bench. Souter would be later become a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Thomson also appointed Ivory Cobb, the first African American judge in New Hampshire state history.[10] Death and honorsThomson died in 2001 aged 89 from Parkinson's Disease and heart problems in Orford, New Hampshire. In 2002, the state named both a state building and state road in honor of Thomson. The state office complex on Hazen Drive in Concord was named "Meldrim Thomson Jr. State Office Complex." A 16-mile stretch of Route 25A, where his Mt. Cube Farm lined both sides of the road, was named the "Governor Meldrim Thomson Scenic Highway." ControversiesDuring his governorship, and thereafter, Thomson took the following actions:
Presidential bidThomson was one of Ronald Reagan's staunchest supporters in 1976, as the former California governor challenged President Gerald Ford for the Republican presidential nomination. Thomson was dismayed by Reagan's announcement that he would select moderate Republican Senator Richard Schweiker of Pennsylvania as his running mate should he win the nomination.[19] After he was defeated for re-election in 1978, Thomson left the Republican party to form his own Constitution Party. However, after getting on the ballot in Alabama, Kansas, Utah, Wisconsin, and Maine, his campaign contributions dried up when it was evident that Ronald Reagan was going to win the Republican nomination for president. Thomson then ended his campaign for president and returned to the Republican Party.[20] References1. ^{{cite news |title=Meldrim Thomson, 91st governor of New Hampshire|publisher=New Hampshire Sunday News (Manchester, NH)|date=April 22, 2001}} 2. ^{{Cite web| last = Bastedo (State Curator)| first =Russell | title = Publications - A Guide to Likenesses of New Hampshire Officials and Governors on Public Display at the Legislative Office Building and the State House Concord, New Hampshire, to 1998 | work = | publisher = New Hampshire Division of Historical Resources | url = http://www.nh.gov/nhdhr/publications/glikeness/thommeld.html}} 3. ^{{cite news|title=For N.H. Gov. Thomson Says He Is Through Running For Public Office|publisher=Boston Globe|date= June 11, 1988}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=Meldrim Thomson, 91st governor of New Hampshire|publisher=New Hampshire Sunday News (Manchester, NH)|date=April 22, 2001}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=NH Governor|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=174358|website=Our Campaigns|publisher=Our Campaigns|accessdate=1 February 2015}} 6. ^http://www.statemaster.com/graph/gov_us_gub_ele_1982_ele_res_opp_can-1982-election-results-opposing-candidates 7. ^Bluer shades of granite - Boston.com 8. ^NEW ENGLAND: Lobster War, TIME (July 2, 1973) 9. ^Kenneth T. Palmer, et al. [https://books.google.com/books?id=cf1hioVswJoC&pg=PA190 Maine Politics and Government], pg. 190 10. ^{{cite news|first=|last=|title=The New Hampshire Century: "Concord Monitor" Profiles of One Hundred People Who Shaped It |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FeXl-jdJlCkC&pg=PA219&lpg=PA219&dq=gale+thomson+new+hampshire&source=bl&ots=lnqfRlSR4p&sig=1pu-TIJxW6pr7nxl7gZgJzlIvCE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=MWQwVenlAufbsASqroGoBg&ved=0CFcQ6AEwDA#v=onepage&q=gale%20thomson%20new%20hampshire&f=false |work=Google Books |date=2001 |accessdate=2015-04-16}} 11. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2007/04/29/nuclear_reaction/ |title=Nuclear reaction |author=Steven Rosenberg |date=April 29, 2007 |publisher=The Boston Globe |accessdate=2013-10-24}} 12. ^{{cite news|title=Really a Bellwether?|author=Richard M. Detwiler|publisher=The New York Times|date= November 23, 1975}} 13. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1314&dat=19780130&id=XhISAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Bu4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6766,4934032 |title=Clergy raps N.H. Governor |publisher=The Spokesman-Review |date=January 30, 1978 |accessdate=2013-10-24}} 14. ^("[I]indecency and moral filth will no longer be allowed on our campuses. I am not interested in legalistic hairsplitting that begs these important issues. Either you take firm, fair and positive action to rid your campuses of socially abhorrent activities or I, as governor, will stand solidly against the expenditure of one more cent of taxpayers' money for your institutions. Translated simply, that means that unless you take successful corrective action before the capital budget is reconsidered, I shall oppose the inclusion of any money therein for the University and will veto that budget, if necessary.") Gay Students Organization of University of New Hampshire v. Bonner, 367 F.Supp. 1088 (1974). 15. ^Siegel, Allan M. and William G. Connolly, [https://books.google.com/books?id=RT5w0s7_op8C&q=Xmas+%22New+York+Times+Manual+of+Style%22&dq=Xmas+%22New+York+Times+Manual+of+Style%22&lr=&ei=6NhWSZHjIZLmyQSGxeHqCg&pgis=1 The New York Times Manual of Style and Usage], Three Rivers Press, 1999, {{ISBN|978-0-8129-6389-2}}, pp 66, 365, retrieved via Google Books, December 27, 2008 16. ^Griffiths, Emma, "Why get cross about Xmas?", BBC website, December 22, 2004. Retrieved December 28, 2008. 17. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JYMuAAAAIBAJ&sjid=lKEFAAAAIBAJ&pg=912,1874288&dq=xmas+christmas+x&hl=en |title=X-mas is 'X'ing out Christ' |publisher=The Montreal Gazette |date=December 8, 1977 |accessdate=2013-10-24}} 18. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.sos.nh.gov/Ballot%20Law%20Commission/PDF%27s/Meldrim%20Thomson%20Jr.%20vs.%20Dick%20Swett.pdf |accessdate = 2012-04-28 |date = September 28, 1990 |format = PDF |author = The State of New Hampshire Ballot Law Commission |title = Re: Meldrim Thomson Jr. vs. Dick Swett |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090504171313/http://www.sos.nh.gov/BALLOT%20LAW%20COMMISSION/PDF%27s/Meldrim%20Thomson%20Jr.%20vs.%20Dick%20Swett.pdf |archivedate = May 4, 2009 |df = }} 19. ^{{cite news|title=Former New Hampshire governor Meldrim Thomson Jr.|publisher=The Washington Post|date= March 26, 1979}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=An Old Warrior Jousts in New Hampshire For Old Job|publisher=The New York Times|date=August 24, 1980}} External links
|last=Hart |publisher=National Review |title=Meldrim Thomson, R.I.P - former New Hampshire governor - Brief Article - Obituary |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_9_53/ai_73640865 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041204203342/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_9_53/ai_73640865 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2004-12-04 |date=2001-05-14 |accessdate=2007-09-04 }}
|first=Adolphe V.; Associated Press |last=Bernotas |url=http://archive.seacoastonline.com/2001news/4_20b.htm |title=Former Gov. Thomson dead at 89 |work=Portsmouth Herald |publisher= |pages= |page= |date=2001-04-20 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092924/http://archive.seacoastonline.com/2001news/4_20b.htm |archivedate=2007-09-29 |accessdate=2013-10-24 }}{{S-start}}{{s-off}}{{succession box |title=Governor of New Hampshire | before=Walter R. Peterson Jr. | after=Hugh J. Gallen | years=1973–1979}}{{s-end}}{{Governors of New Hampshire}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Thomson, Meldrim Jr.}} 16 : 1912 births|2001 deaths|Deaths from Parkinson's disease|Governors of New Hampshire|Eagle Scouts|People from Orford, New Hampshire|People from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania|Mercer University alumni|Washington & Jefferson College alumni|University of Georgia School of Law alumni|New Hampshire Republicans|Republican Party state governors of the United States|New Hampshire Independents|New Right (United States)|20th-century American politicians|American conservative people |
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