| 词条 | Sinking of SS Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse |
| 释义 |
|conflict = Sinking of {{nowr|SS Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse}} |partof = the Atlantic U-boat campaign of World War I |image = Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse fight painting 1914.jpg |image_size = 300 |date = {{start date|1914|08|26|df=y}} |place = off Río de Oro, Spanish Sahara |coordinates = {{coord|23.7219|N|15.9347|W|source:wikidata|display=title}} |result = British victory |combatant1 = {{flagcountry|UKGBI}} |combatant2 = {{flagcountry|German Empire}} |commander1 = {{flagd|United Kingdom|naval}} Henry T. Buller |commander2 = {{flagd|German Empire|naval}} Max Reymann |strength1 = 1 protected cruiser |strength2 = 1 auxiliary cruiser |casualties1 = {{ubl|1 killed|6 wounded|1 cruiser damaged}} |casualties2 = 1 cruiser scuttled |campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Atlantic 1914–1918}} }} The Battle of Río de Oro was a single-ship action fought in August 1914 during the First World War, when {{HMS|Highflyer|1898|6}} attacked the German {{SS|Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse}} off Río de Oro on coast of Northwest Africa. BackgroundUnder the command of Max Reymann, Imperial German Navy ship {{SS|Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse}} was originally a passenger liner, built in 1897, part of the German merchant fleet until requisitioned for service at the outbreak of World War I and fitted with six 4-inch guns and two 37-millimeter guns. The German vessel set steam for a commerce raiding mission in the Atlantic Ocean. Commanded by Henry T. Buller, Royal Navy ship {{HMS|Highflyer|1898|6}} was a protected cruiser built in 1898 with eleven 6-inch guns, nine 12-pounder guns, six 3-pounder guns and two torpedo tubes. She had been detached to support the 5th Cruiser Squadron in hunting the German raider. BattleThe battle of 26 August 1914 began when the German raider Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse was caught by surprise in a harbor, taking on coal from three German and Austro-Hungarian colliers. Highflyer, badly outgunning the German auxiliary cruiser, first demanded surrender, but the German commander argued that the British had violated Spain's neutrality. The British disregarded this because the Germans had already violated Spain's neutrality by taking over a week to resupply in a neutral port. So a battle began, from 15:10 to 16:45 the two ships bombarded each other, sometimes dodging the shots. Eventually, Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse exhausted her ammunition and began to flee the battle. Now out of ammunition, running from several larger guns, the crew scuttled their ship and abandoned her to the Atlantic. The German sailors made it to shore and escaped into the Saharan Desert. AftermathBritish sources at the time insisted the German auxiliary cruiser was sunk by Highflyer{{'}}s crew but eventually stories from the surviving German seamen began to circulate, thus ending Britain's claim. Regardless of whether the ship was sunk by the British or scuttled by the Germans, the British were still responsible for the raider's demise. Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse became the first passenger liner to sink during World War I. The wreck of the German commerce raider was identifiable because its starboard side remained above the waterline until the ship was scrapped in 1952. One British soldier was killed in the battle and six others were wounded. Nothing is known of German casualties. See also
ReferencesFurther reading{{refbegin}}
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7 : Conflicts in 1914|Naval battles of World War I involving Germany|Naval battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom|Atlantic operations of World War I|1914 in Spanish Sahara|August 1914 events|Germany–United Kingdom military relations |
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