| 词条 | Smart Way Reading and Spelling |
| 释义 |
Over two years in development, Smart Way Reading and Spelling is designed to be simple to use yet it is extremely efficient in teaching students. The reading methodology ranges from teaching introductory sounds and how to learn American English through advanced reading strategies. The program has been used effectively in remedial reading programs [1][2] in states across the country with positive and consistent results and is based on the most complete scientific research on teaching reading which stresses systematic and explicit phonics coupled with reading comprehension and fluency.[3] The Smart Way Reading and Spelling program is presented in a series of twenty-seven individual flip chart lessons. Each flip chart contains a complete lesson that includes both the student and coach materials within one bound booklet. The student sees an image or text on one side of the flip chart, while the reading coach has his scripted instructions on the other side with a mirror image of what the student sees. The completely scripted nature of the program allows even the most novice coach to work with a student immediately. Extensive training is not necessary. Over time, as the coach becomes more confident, he can add more creativity and interaction in working with students. Rather than stressing individual phonetic rules for the sake of teaching rules, the Smart Way methodology introduces words and word patterns in families, helping students grasp the key phonetic rules through a cognitive learning process. The program was designed as both a complete learning system for youngsters and as an intervention method for older students and adults. Though results will vary, most students will complete each lesson in one to two hours. Additional Research Base of the ProgramThe delivery of the Smart Way Reading and Spelling program is based on the concept of self-efficacy and its application in instructional practices.[4] The gradual, systematic approach allows students to develop their skills and increase their confidence. Explicit, systematic instruction is recognized as having a direct impact on student success, especially in low-achieving students and supports its use in phonics instruction.[5][6] As well, research shows phonics instruction is useful to students of all ages [7][8] and other research validates intense instruction in decoding skills as a method of boosting the reading level for struggling readers in high school.[9] The Sounds of EnglishThis compact disc and flash card product helps people recognize and repeat the sounds unique to American English. It was created and designed specifically for early readers, ELL (English Language Learners) and EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students. The Sounds of English introduces forty-six phonemes (speech sounds) in isolation and in text. References1. ^Overview of the Results of the Bright Sky Learning, Lancaster-Lebanon Intermediate Unit 13, School District of Lancaster Tutoring Research Project, by Lana Edwards Santoro, Ph.D., Education Associates; Angela Kirby-Wehr, M.Ed., Pennsylvania Training and Technical Assistance Network (PaTTAN); and, Edward S. Shapiro, Ph.D., Lehigh University, 2006. 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.smartwayreading.com/Research_Study.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-04-15 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716093413/http://www.smartwayreading.com/Research_Study.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-16 |df= }} 3. ^National Reading Panel report 4. ^Bandura, A. (1986) A Social Cognitive Theory. Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference 5. ^Curtis, M.E. (2004), Adolescents who struggle with word identification: Research and practice, in Adolescent literacy research and practice, T.L. Jetton and J.A. Dole, Editors. The Guilford Press: New York. p. 119-134. 6. ^Kamil, M., (Nov 2003), Adolescents and literacy: Reading in the 21st century. Alliance for Excellent Education. 7. ^Curtis, M.E., & Longo, A.M. (1999). When adolescents can’t read: Methods and materials that work. Cambridge, MA: Brookline. 8. ^Snow, C.E., Burns, M.S., & Griffin, P. (Eds.). (1998). Preventing reading difficulties in young children. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 9. ^Institute for Academic Access, 2002 External links
2 : Learning to read|Phonics curricula |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。