| 词条 | SM UB-9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
UB-9{{'}}s commanding officer at commissioning only remained in charge of the ship for a week. Sources do not report any more commanding officers assigned through the end of the war, so it's not clear if the submarine remained in commission. UB-9 was reported in use as a training vessel at Kiel in September 1915. The U-boat made no war patrols and sank no ships during the war, which may indicate that the vessel remained in a training role. At the end of the war, UB-9 was deemed unseaworthy and unable to surrender at Harwich with the rest of Germany's U-boat fleet. She remained in Germany where she was broken up by Dräger at Lübeck in 1919. Design and constructionAfter the German Army's rapid advance along the North Sea coast in the earliest stages of World War I, the German Imperial Navy found itself without suitable submarines that could be operated in the narrow and shallow seas off Flanders.[4][5] Project 34, a design effort begun in mid-August 1914,[5] produced the Type UB I design: a small submarine that could be shipped by rail to a port of operations and quickly assembled. Constrained by railroad size limitations, the UB I design called for a boat about {{convert|28|m|ft}} long and displacing about {{convert|125|t|LT}} with two torpedo tubes.[4][6] UB-9 was the first of the initial allotment of seven submarines—numbered up to {{SMU|UB-15||2}}—ordered on 15 October from AG Weser of Bremen, just shy of two months after planning for the class began.[4][7] UB-9 was laid down by Weser in Bremen on 6 November.[1] As built, UB-9 was {{convert|27.88|m|ftin}} long, {{convert|3.15|m|ftin}} abeam, and had a draft of {{convert|3.03|m|ftin}}. She had a single {{convert|44|kW|bhp|order=flip|adj=on}} Körting 4-cylinder diesel engine for surface travel, and a single {{convert|89|kW|shp|order=flip|adj=on}} Siemens-Schuckert electric motor for underwater travel, both attached to a single propeller shaft. Her top speeds were {{convert|7.45|kn}}, surfaced, and {{convert|6.24|kn}}, submerged.[2] At more moderate speeds, she could sail up to {{convert|1,500|nmi|lk=in}} on the surface before refueling, and up to {{convert|45|nmi}} submerged before recharging her batteries. Like all boats of the class, UB-9 was rated to a diving depth of {{convert|50|m|ft}}, and could completely submerge in 33 seconds. UB-9 was armed with two {{convert|45|cm|in|1|sp=us|adj=on}} torpedoes in two bow torpedo tubes. She was also outfitted for a single {{convert|8|mm|in|sp=us|adj=on}} machine gun on deck. UB-9{{'}}s standard complement consisted of one officer and thirteen enlisted men.[8] After work on UB-9 was complete at the Weser yard, she was launched on 6 February 1915.[1]CareerThe submarine was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy as SM UB-9 on 18 February 1915 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Wilhelm Werner,[1] a 26-year-old first-time U-boat commander.[9] Wenninger was only in command of UB-9 for ten days.[1] Sources do not indicate who, if anyone, succeeded him as commander of UB-9, or if UB-9 remained in commission. According to authors R. H. Gibson and Maurice Prendergast, UB-9 had been assigned to the Kiel Periscope School by September 1915.[10] Uboat.net reports that UB-9' undertook no war patrols and had no successes against enemy ships, which may indicate that the vessel remained in use only as a training vessel.[1] At the end of the war, the Allies required all German U-boats to be sailed to Harwich for surrender. UB-9 was one of eight U-boats deemed unseaworthy and allowed to remain in Germany.[11][12] UB-9 was broken up by Dräger at Lübeck in 1919.[1] Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 {{cite Uboat.net|name=UB 9|id=UB+9|type=1sub|accessdate= 19 February 2009}} 2. ^1 Tarrant, p. 172. 3. ^"SM" stands for "Seiner Majestät" ({{lang-en|His Majesty's}}) and combined with the U for Unterseeboot would be translated as His Majesty's Submarine. 4. ^1 2 Miller, pp. 46–47. 5. ^1 Karau, p. 48. 6. ^A further refinement of the design—replacing the torpedo tubes with mine chutes but changing little else—evolved into the Type UC I coastal minelaying submarine. See: Miller, p. 458. 7. ^Williamson, p. 12. 8. ^Karau, p. 49. 9. ^{{cite Uboat.net|name=Wilhelm Werner|id=400|type=1comm|accessdate=20 March 2009}} 10. ^Gibson and Prendergast, p. 63. 11. ^Gibson and Prendergast, pp. 331–32. 12. ^The other seven boats were {{SMU|U-1|Germany|2}}, {{SMU|U-2|Germany|2}}, {{SMU|U-4|Germany|2}}, {{SMU|U-17|Germany|2}}, and three fellow Type UB I boats, {{SMU|UB-2||2}}, {{SMU|UB-5||2}}, and {{SMU|UB-11||2}}. References{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last=Bendert |first=Harald |title=Die UB-Boote der Kaiserlichen Marine, 1914-1918. Einsätze, Erfolge, Schicksal |location=Hamburg |publisher=Verlag E.S. Mittler & Sohn GmbH |year=2000 |isbn=3-8132-0713-7 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}
5 : German Type UB I submarines|Ships built in Bremen (state)|1915 ships|U-boats commissioned in 1915|World War I submarines of Germany |
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