“SM UC-31”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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SM UC-31

释义

Design
Summary of raiding history
References
Notes Citations Bibliography

{{other ships|German submarine U-31}}{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=

Ship caption=
}}{{Infobox ship career

Ship country=German Empire

German Empire|naval}}

Ship name=UC-31

Ship ordered=29 August 1915^[1]

Ship builder=AG Vulcan, Hamburg^[2]

Ship yard number=70^[1]

Ship laid down=

Ship launched=7 August 1916^[1]

Ship commissioned=2 September 1916^[1]

Ship decommissioned=

Ship struck=

Ship fate=surrendered, November 1918; broken up, 1922^[1]

Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

Gröner|1991|pp=31-32}}

Ship class=German Type UC II submarine

Ship displacement=

{{convert|400|t|LT|abbr=on}}, surfaced
{{convert|480|t|LT|abbr=on}}, submerged

Ship length=

{{convert|49.45|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
{{convert|39.30|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull

Ship beam=

{{convert|5.22|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
{{convert|3.65|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} pressure hull

3.68|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

Ship propulsion=

2 × propeller shafts
2 × 6-cylinder, 4-stroke diesel engines, {{convert|500|PS|kW bhp|abbr=on}}
2 × electric motors, {{convert|460|PS|kW shp|abbr=on}}

Ship speed=

{{convert|11.6|kn}}, surfaced
{{convert|6.7|kn}}, submerged

Ship range=

{{convert|10,040|nmi|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|7|kn}}, surfaced
{{convert|53|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}}, submerged

50|m|ft|abbr=on}}

Ship complement=26

Ship armament=

6 × {{convert|100|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} mine tubes
18 × UC 200 mines
3 × {{convert|50|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (2 bow/external; one stern)
7 × torpedoes
1 × {{convert|8.8|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} Uk L/30 deck gun

Ship notes=48-second diving time
}}{{Infobox service record

is_ship=yes

is_multi=yes

partof=*I Flotilla

10 December 1916 – 14 June 1918
Flandern II Flotilla
14 June – 7 October 1918
I Flotilla
7 October – 11 November 1918

commanders=*Kptlt. Otto von Schrader^[3]

2 September 1916 – 20 July 1917
Kptlt. Kurt Siewert^[4]
21 July 1917 – 14 June 1918
Oblt.z.S. Willy Stüben^[5]
15 June – 11 November 1918

operations=13 patrols

victories=

35 merchant ships sunk ({{GRT|50,258}})
3 merchant ships damaged ({{GRT|8,016}})
3 warships sunk (759 tons)
1 warship damaged (1,025 tons)

}}

SM UC-31 was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy ({{lang-de|Kaiserliche Marine}}) during World War I. The U-boat was ordered on 29 August 1915 and was launched on 7 August 1916. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 2 September 1916 as SM UC-31.^[6] In 13 patrols UC-31 was credited with sinking 38 ships, either by torpedo or by mines laid. UC-31 was surrendered on 26 November 1918 and broken up at Canning Town in 1922.^[1]

Design

A German Type UC II submarine, UC-31 had a displacement of {{convert|400|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|480|t|LT}} while submerged. She had a length overall of {{convert|49.45|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|5.22|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|3.68|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines each producing {{convert|250|PS|kW shp}} (a total of {{convert|500|PS|kW shp}}), two electric motors producing {{convert|460|PS|kW shp}}, and two propeller shafts. She had a dive time of 48 seconds and was capable of operating at a depth of {{convert|50|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=31-32}}

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|11.6|kn}} and a submerged speed of {{convert|6.7|kn}}. When submerged, she could operate for {{convert|53|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|10040|nmi}} at {{convert|7|kn}}. UC-31 was fitted with six {{convert|100|cm}} mine tubes, eighteen UC 200 mines, three {{convert|50|cm}} torpedo tubes (one on the stern and two on the bow), seven torpedoes, and one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} Uk L/30 deck gun. Her complement was twenty-six crew members.

Summary of raiding history

Date	Name	Nationality	Tonnage^[7]	Fate^[8]
31 December 1916	Protector	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|government}}	200	Sunk
4 January 1917	Lonclara	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|government}}	1,294	Sunk
25 January 1917	O. B. Suhr	{{flag\|Denmark}}	1,482	Sunk
28 January 1917	Alexandra	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	179	Sunk
29 January 1917	Shamrock	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	173	Sunk
29 January 1917	Thistle	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	167	Sunk
31 January 1917	Ravensbourne	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	1,226	Sunk
24 February 1917	Beneficent	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	1,963	Sunk
29 March 1917	Kathleen Lily	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	521	Sunk
30 March 1917	Harberton	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	1,443	Sunk
4 April 1917	Helga	{{flag\|Denmark}}	839	Sunk
5 April 1917	N. J. Fjord	{{flag\|Denmark}}	1,425	Sunk
6 April 1917	HMT Strathrannoch	{{navy\|United Kingdom}}	215	Sunk
11 April 1917	Quaggy	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	993	Sunk
12 April 1917	Dina Hinderika	{{flag\|Netherlands}}	200	Sunk
12 April 1917	Neptunus	{{flag\|Netherlands}}	209	Sunk
12 April 1917	Union	{{flag\|Denmark}}	152	Sunk
12 April 1917	Voorwaarts	{{flag\|Netherlands}}	147	Sunk
14 April 1917	Spray	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	1,072	Sunk
15 April 1917	Brothertoft	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	155	Sunk
6 May 1917	Poseidon I	{{flag\|Netherlands}}	98	Sunk
8 May 1917	HMY Zarefah	{{navy\|United Kingdom}}	279	Sunk
17 May 1917	Aspen	{{flag\|Sweden}}	3,103	Damaged
17 May 1917	Viken	{{flag\|Sweden}}	1,825	Sunk
30 June 1917	Lady of the Lake	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	51	Sunk
1 July 1917	Amstelland	{{flag\|Netherlands}}	5,404	Sunk
2 July 1917	Thirlby	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	2,009	Sunk
3 July 1917	Matador	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	3,642	Sunk
7 August 1917	Othalia	{{flag\|Sweden}}	1,205	Damaged
11 August 1917	Holar	{{flag\|Denmark}}	548	Sunk
12 August 1917	Bogatyr	{{flag\|Denmark}}	1,360	Sunk
8 September 1917	Newholm	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	3,399	Sunk
11 September 1917	Cento	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	3,708	Damaged
16 September 1917	Quatre Freres	{{flag\|France}}	53	Sunk
13 November 1917	Amelie	{{flag\|Belgium}}	1,135	Sunk
13 November 1917	Australbush	{{flag\|Australia\|civil}}	4,398	Sunk
19 November 1917	HMT Morococala	{{navy\|United Kingdom}}	265	Sunk
21 January 1918	Teelin Head	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	1,718	Sunk
29 January 1918	Ethelinda	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	3,257	Sunk
1 April 1918	Ardglass	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	4,617	Sunk
5 April 1918	Cyrene	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	2,904	Sunk
10 April 1918	HMS Magic	{{navy\|United Kingdom}}	1,025	Damaged

References

Notes

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite Uboat.net|name=UC 31 |id=UC+31|type=1sub|accessdate=22 February 2009 }}
2. ^Tarrant, p. 173.
3. ^{{cite Uboat.net|id=306|name=Otto von Schrader (Royal House Order of Hohenzollern)|type=1comm|accessdate=16 February 2015}}
4. ^{{cite Uboat.net|id=327|name=Kurt Siewert (Royal House Order of Hohenzollern)|type=1comm|accessdate=16 February 2015}}
5. ^{{cite Uboat.net|id=355|name=Willy Stüben|type=1comm|accessdate=16 February 2015}}
6. ^"SM" stands for "Seiner Majestät" ({{lang-en|His Majesty's}}) and combined with the U for Unterseeboot would be translated as His Majesty's Submarine.
7. ^Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement.
8. ^{{cite Uboat.net|id=uc31|name=UC 31|type=1boat|accessdate=16 February 2015}}

Citations

Bibliography

{{cite book

|first=Harald
|last=Bendert
|title=Die UC-Boote der Kaiserlichen Marine 1914-1918. Minenkrieg mit U-Booten
|publisher=Mittler
|year=2001
|location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn
|isbn=3-8132-0758-7
|language=German
|ref=harv
}}

{{cite book

|last1=Gröner
|first1=Erich
|author-link1=
|author-mask1=
|last2=Jung
|first2=Dieter
|display-authors=
|last-author-amp=
|last3=Maass
|first3=Martin
|translator-last1=Thomas
|translator-first1=Keith
|translator-last2=Magowan
|translator-first2=Rachel
|year=1991
|title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels
|volume=2
|work=German Warships 1815–1945
|location=London
|publisher=Conway Maritime Press
|isbn=0-85177-593-4
|ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991
}}

{{cite book | last = Gardiner | first = Robert, ed. |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1906–1921 | location = Annapolis, Maryland | publisher = Naval Institute Press | year = 1985 | isbn = 978-0-87021-907-8 | oclc = 12119866 }}
{{cite book | last = Tarrant | first = V. E. |title=The U-Boat Offensive: 1914–1945 | location = Annapolis, Maryland | publisher = Naval Institute Press | year = 1989 | isbn = 978-0-87021-764-7 | oclc = 20338385 }}

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