| 词条 | SM UC-55 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
SM UC-55{{#tag:ref|"SM" stands for "Seiner Majestät" ({{lang-en|His Majesty's}}) and combined with the U for Unterseeboot would be translated as His Majesty's Submarine.|group=Note}} was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy ({{lang-de|Kaiserliche Marine}}) during World War I. The U-boat was ordered on 12 January 1916, laid down on 25 February 1916, and was launched on 2 August 1916. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 15 November 1916 as SM UC-55. DesignA German Type UC II submarine, UC-55 had a displacement of {{convert|415|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|498|t|LT}} while submerged. She had a length overall of {{convert|50.52|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|5.22|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|3.61|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines each producing {{convert|290|-|300|PS|kW shp}} (a total of {{convert|580|-|600|PS|kW shp}}), two electric motors producing {{convert|620|PS|kW shp}}, and two propeller shafts. She had a dive time of 48 seconds and was capable of operating at a depth of {{convert|50|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=31-32}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|11.6|kn}} and a submerged speed of {{convert|7.3|kn}}. When submerged, she could operate for {{convert|52|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8660 to 9450|nmi}} at {{convert|7|kn}}. UC-55 was fitted with six {{convert|100|cm}} mine tubes, eighteen UC 200 mines, three {{convert|50|cm}} torpedo tubes (one on the stern and two on the bow), seven torpedoes, and one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} Uk L/30 deck gun. Her complement was twenty-six crew members.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=31-32}} ServiceIn 6 patrols UC-55 was credited with sinking 9 ships, either by torpedo or by mines laid. LossUC-55 sailed from Heligoland on 25 September 1917 to lay mines in the Lerwick Channel, the southern approach to the port of Lerwick in the Shetland Islands. On 29 September, just as she started dropping her mines, she suffered a loss of trim which resulted in her diving beyond her rated maximum dive depth. This in turn resulted in the forward compartment flooding, the batteries failing, and chlorine gas developing. She was forced to surface to ventilate the boat, but when she surfaced, the rudder refused to answer the helm due to the lack of battery power. Her captain then gave orders to destroy secret documents and codebooks and set scuttling charges in the mine room and engine room. While the charges were being placed she was sighted by the armed trawler Moravia and the destroyers {{HMS|Tirade|1917|6}} and {{HMS|Sylvia|1897|6}}.[6]A 12-pdr shell from the Sylvia hit the submarine's conning tower, killing her commander, Horst Ruhle von Lilienstern, and a second shell hit the hull and she began to sink, after which two depth charges were dropped right beside the UC-55, resulting in the U-boat blowing up. The Moravia then closed with the wreck, fired two more shots into her, and dropped a final depth charge. Of the submarine's crew, 17 were taken prisoner, and 10 were killed.[7] Location of WreckThe wreck of UC-55 is thought to lie in {{convert|100|m|ft|abbr=on}} at {{coord|60|3|13|N|0|57|57|W|}}. This site was surveyed on 3 July 1985, when side scan sonar discovered the wreck of a submarine lying on its keel, and measuring approximately {{convert|5.60|m|ft|abbr=on}} high and {{convert|50|m|ft|abbr=on}} long.[8] Summary of raiding history
ReferencesNotes1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite Uboat.net|name=UC 55|id=UC+55 |type=1sub|accessdate=23 February 2009}} 2. ^Tarrant, p. 173. 3. ^{{cite Uboat.net|id=220|name=Karl Neureuther|type=1comm|accessdate=1 March 2015}} 4. ^{{cite Uboat.net|id=312|name=Theodor Schultz|type=1comm|accessdate=1 March 2015}} 5. ^{{cite Uboat.net|id=278|name=Horst Rühle von Lilienstern|type=1comm|accessdate=1 March 2015}} 6. ^{{cite book | last = Messimer| first = Dwight R. | authorlink = | title = Verschollen: World War I U-boat losses | publisher = Naval Institute Press | year = 2002 | location = | pages = 295–296 | url = | doi = | isbn = 1-55750-475-X}} 7. ^{{cite book | last = Baird | first = R.N. | authorlink = | title = Shipwrecks of the North of Scotland | publisher = Birlinn Ltd | year = 2003 | location = | pages = 286–287 | url = | doi = | isbn = 1-84158-233-6}} 8. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title =Uc-55 [possibly]: North Sea | work = | publisher =RCAHMS | date = | url =http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/102953/details/uc+55+north+sea/| format = | doi = | accessdate = }} 9. ^Tonnages are in gross register tons 10. ^{{cite Uboat.net|id=uc55|name=UC 55|type=1boat|accessdate=1 March 2015}} Citations{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}Bibliography{{refbegin}}
|first=Harald |last=Bendert |title=Die UC-Boote der Kaiserlichen Marine 1914-1918. Minenkrieg mit U-Booten |publisher=Mittler |year=2001 |location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |isbn=3-8132-0758-7 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}
10 : Ships built in Danzig|German Type UC II submarines|U-boats commissioned in 1916|Maritime incidents in 1917|U-boats sunk in 1917|U-boats sunk by mines|World War I minelayers of Germany|World War I shipwrecks in the North Sea|World War I submarines of Germany|1916 ships |
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