| 词条 | Somerdale Factory |
| 释义 |
| name = Fry's Somerdale Factory | native_name = | native_name_lang = | former_names = | alternate_names = | status = | image = | image_alt = | caption = | map_type = Somerset | map_alt = | map_caption = | relief = | altitude = | building_type = | architectural_style = | structural_system = | cost = | ren_cost = | client = J. S. Fry & Sons | owner = Cadbury | current_tenants = | landlord = | location = | address = | location_town = | location_country = | coordinates = {{coord|51.4231|-2.4946|display=inline}} | groundbreaking_date = | start_date = 1924 | completion_date = 1935 | opened_date = | inauguration_date = | renovation_date = | demolition_date = | destruction_date = | height = | architectural = | tip = | roof = | top_floor = | observatory = | other_dimensions = | floor_count = | floor_area = | elevator_count = | architect = | architecture_firm = | structural_engineer = | services_engineer = | civil_engineer = | other_designers = | quantity_surveyor = | main_contractor = | awards = | designations = | ren_architect = | ren_firm = | ren_str_engineer = | ren_serv_engineer = | ren_civ_engineer = | ren_oth_designers = | ren_qty_surveyor = | ren_awards = | rooms = | parking = | url = | embedded = | references = | highest_region = | highest_reflabel = | highest_prev = | highest_start = | highest_end = | highest_next = }} Somerdale was a chocolate factory located in Keynsham near Bristol in south west England, closed by Kraft foods in 2011. It was the home of a Cadbury plc's production facility, and was originally built by the Fry family when they expanded through consolidation of a number of existing facilities located in the centre of Bristol. HistoryAfter the First World War, Cadbury Brothers undertook a financial merger with J. S. Fry & Sons, which completed in 1919.[1] As a result of the merger, Egbert Cadbury joined the Fry side of the business. Along with Cecil Roderick Fry he was instrumental in the relocation and of the Bristol operations of Fry from Union Street to a {{convert|228|acre|km2|sing=on}} greenfield site called Somerdale Garden City, after a national competition in 1923. As Quakers, the factory was built with social facilities, including playing fields and a large recreational sports grounds, which still today serves the town of Keynsham. This transfer took 11 years as production was gradually transferred as the modern blocks erected. Finally completed in 1935, at its height the Somerdale workforce was in excess of 5,000. It had its own power station and railway, with connection to the Great Western Railway via sidings at Keynsham railway station.[2] During World War II, with chocolate production reduced due to war time rationing, spare floor capacity was taken over by Rolls Royce to produce Merlin engines. Previously, Keynsham Cadbury was the home of Fry's Chocolate Cream, the Double Decker, Dairy Milk, Chocolate Buttons, Creme Eggs and Mini Eggs, Cadbury's Fudge, Chomp and Crunchie. According to Cadbury employees (or 'chocolate welders' as they are locally known), the Crunchie machine made over one million bars a day.[3] On 3 October 2007, Cadbury announced plans to close the Somerdale plant by 2010 with the loss of some 500 jobs. Another motivational factor was the high real estate value of the land. Labour MP for Wansdyke, Dan Norris said "news of the factory's closure is a hard and heavy blow, not just to the workforce, but to the Keynsham community as a whole".[4] In late 2007 campaigns to save the Cadbury's factory in Somerdale were in full swing. One local resident started a campaign to urge English Heritage to protect the site, and preserve the history of the factory. This campaign hoped to stop the land being sold for housing, and the Somerdale factory being destroyed.[5] In February 2010, following the takeover of Cadbury plc by Kraft Foods, the closure was confirmed to take place in 2011.[6] Production was moved to a sister factory in Skarbimierz, Poland.[7] Production of Cadbury products was however promised to not move entirely out of the United Kingdom. The factory closed on 31 March 2011, after which machinery was shipped to Poland.[8] RegenerationIn early January 2012 the sale was agreed of the {{convert|220|acre}} site to the developer Taylor Wimpey, who wished to build 700 homes, a care home, some shops, a restaurant and a 210-place nursery and primary school.[9] The plans retain the existing sports facilities and rebuild the Fry Club.[9][10] The plans include the demolition of 'block d' of the factory, to provide space for a rebuilt Fry Club, and in August 2014 some of factory had been demolished.[11][12] In September 2014 show homes were opened, and sales of houses began.[13] In the hope of continuing the tradition of The Fry Club as the social hub for the area, a new building was opened in November 2015 to provide leisure, health and entertainment services as well as facilities for weddings and private parties. The new Somerdale Pavilion is managed by the charitable organisation Aquaterra Leisure.[14] Roman villaThe remains of a small Roman villa, about 50 feet square, are in the grounds of Somerdale Factory, near the main road entrance to the site. The remains were discovered during the construction of the factory in 1922, and moved to the present site.[15] The discovery included two stone coffins.[16] References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Cadbury|first1=Deborah|title=Chocolate Wars|date=2011|publisher=Harper Press|isbn=9780007325573|pages=242-244}} 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Leitch|first1=Russell|title=Railways of Keynsham: Featuring Fry's Chocolate Passenger and Freight Operations|date=1997|publisher=The Railway Correspondence and Travel Society|isbn=978-0901115829}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=The Story|url=https://www.cadbury.co.uk/the-story|publisher=Cadbury|accessdate=20 September 2016}} 4. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7025413.stm |title=Cadbury factories shed 700 jobs |accessdate=3 October 2007 |last= |first= |coauthors= |date=3 October 2007 |work=BBC News |publisher=}} 5. ^Save Our Somerdale {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727222754/http://www.saveoursomerdale.co.uk/ |date=27 July 2013 }} 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8507066.stm |title=Cadbury's Bristol plant to close by 2011 |date=9 February 2010 |work=BBC News |publisher= |accessdate=19 April 2010}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-12126550 |title=Broken chocolate factory pledge devastates Keynsham |author=Chris Kelly |publisher=BBC |date=14 January 2011 |accessdate=17 January 2015}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.thisisbath.co.uk/news/Chocs-away-staff-leave-time/article-3394975-detail/article.html |title=Chocs away as staff leave Cadbury's factory for last time |date=31 March 2011 |publisher=Bath Chronicle |accessdate=31 March 2011}} 9. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.thisisbristol.co.uk/50m-plan-Somerdale-site-includes-700-homes-hotel/story-14354174-detail/story.html |title=£50m plan for Somerdale site includes 700 homes, hotel and school |date=7 January 2012 |newspaper=Bristol Evening Post |accessdate=9 January 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114190434/http://www.thisisbristol.co.uk/50m-plan-Somerdale-site-includes-700-homes-hotel/story-14354174-detail/story.html |archivedate=14 January 2012 |df=dmy-all }} 10. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-16410771 |title=Cadbury's Somerdale plant in Keynsham sold to developer |date=4 January 2012|work =BBC News|publisher= |accessdate=1 May 2012}} 11. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.demolitionnews.com/2014/08/11/video-bath-cleans-up-at-former-cadburys-plant/ |title=Bath cleans up at former Cadbury’s plant|date=11 August 2014|work =Demolition News|publisher= |accessdate=3 November 2014}} 12. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.westerndailypress.co.uk/Taylor-Wimpy-Bristol-set-bring-new-homes/story-20670059-detail/story.html |title=Taylor Wimpey Bristol set to bring new homes and investment on former Cadbury site at Somerdale, Keynsham |date=20 February 2014 |work=Western Daily Press |accessdate=3 November 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104014859/http://www.westerndailypress.co.uk/Taylor-Wimpy-Bristol-set-bring-new-homes/story-20670059-detail/story.html |archivedate=4 November 2014 |df=dmy-all }} 13. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.bristolpost.co.uk/batch-new-houses-Keynsham-s-Somerdale-Cadbury/story-22073200-detail/story.html |title=First batch of new houses at Keynsham's Somerdale Cadbury factory site go on sale |newspaper=Bristol Post |date=5 August 2014 |accessdate=18 January 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115014245/http://www.bristolpost.co.uk/batch-new-houses-Keynsham-s-Somerdale-Cadbury/story-22073200-detail/story.html |archivedate=15 January 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 14. ^http://www.aquaterra.org/somerdale-pavilion/ 15. ^{{NHLE |num=1384575 |desc=Roman Well |grade=II |accessdate=1 January 2012}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://digitalconservation.org/|title=Keynsham Heritage Trust|publisher=Keynsham Heritage Trust|accessdate=25 April 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326103937/http://www.digitalconservation.org/|archivedate=26 March 2011|df=dmy-all}} External links{{Commons category}}
5 : Cadbury|Fry family|Keynsham|Economy of Bath and North East Somerset|Manufacturing plants in England |
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