“South African Class 11E”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

South African Class 11E

释义

Manufacturers
Characteristics
Appearance Brakes Bogies
Works numbers and delivery dates
Service
Liveries
Illustration
References

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}{{Use South African English|date=October 2013}}{{Infobox locomotive
| name = South African Class 11E
| image = SAR Class 11E 11-009.JPG
| alt =
| caption = No. 11-009 at Vryheid, KwaZulu-Natal, 15 August 2007
| hatnote =
| powertype = Electric
| designer = General Motors
| builder = 11-001 - 11-030 GMSA
11-031 - 11-045 Delta
| ordernumber =
| serialnumber = GMSA 119.01-119.30
Delta 119.31-119.45
| buildmodel = General Motors GM5FC
| builddate = 1985-1987
| totalproduction = 45
| rebuilder =
| rebuilddate =
| numberrebuilt =
| aarwheels = C-C
| uicclass = Co'Co'
| Britishclass = Co-Co
| gauge = {{Track gauge|Cape|allk=on}}
| bogies =
| leadingdiameter =
| wheeldiameter = {{convert|1220|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| trailingdiameter =
| minimumcurve =
| wheelbase = {{convert|14360|mm|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| bogie = {{convert|4400|mm|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| pivotcentres = {{convert|11560|mm|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| pantoshoecentres = {{convert|11940|mm|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| wheelspacing =
| length =
| over couplers = {{convert|20470|mm|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| over bufferbeams =
| body = {{convert|19200|mm|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|2850|mm|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| height =
| pantodown = {{convert|4200|mm|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| bodyonly = {{convert|3962|mm|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
| frametype =
| axleload = {{convert|29000|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| leadingbogie/pony=
| weightondrivers =
| trail bogie/pony =
| locoweight = {{convert|172280|kg|lb|abbr=on}} (11-001 - 11-012)
{{convert|168000|kg|lb|abbr=on}} (11-013 - 11-045)
| sandcap =
| powersupply =
| electricsystem = 25 kV AC 50 Hz
| collectionmethod = Pantographs from catenary
| alternator =
| generator =
| tractionmotors = Six LJM-540-1
| t/m amps 1 hr = {{convert|690|kW|hp|abbr=on}}
| t/m amps cont = {{convert|650|kW|hp|abbr=on}}
| headendpower =
| transmission =
| gear ratio = 16:71
| multipleworking =
| trainheating =
| locobrakes = Air & Rheostatic
| trainbrakes = Air
| reservoircap =
| compressorcap =
| exhaustercap =
| safety =
| coupling = AAR knuckle Type F
| maxspeed = {{convert|90|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
| poweroutput =
| poweroutput start=
| poweroutput 1 hr = {{convert|4140|kW|hp|abbr=on}}
| poweroutput cont = {{convert|3900|kW|hp|abbr=on}}
| tractiveeffort =
| t/e starting = {{convert|580|kN|lbf|abbr=on}}
| t/e 1 hr = {{convert|425|kN|lbf|abbr=on}}
| t/e continuous = {{convert|400|kN|lbf|abbr=on}}
| factorofadhesion =
| f/adh starting =
| f/adh 1 hr =
| f/adh continuous =
| locobrakeforce = {{convert|4500|kW|hp|abbr=on}}
| operator = South African Railways
Spoornet
Transnet Freight Rail
| operatorclass = Class 11E
| powerclass =
| numinclass = 45
| fleetnumbers = 11-001 - 11-045
| officialname =
| nicknames =
| axleloadclass =
| locale =
| deliverydate = 1985-1987
| firstrundate = 1985
| lastrundate =
| withdrawndate =
| preservedunits =
| restoredate =
| scrapdate =
| currentowner =
| disposition =
| notes =
}}

The South African Railways Class 11E of 1985 is an electric locomotive.

Between 1985 and 1987, the South African Railways placed forty-five Class 11E electric locomotives with a Co-Co wheel arrangement in mainline service on the Coalink line.^[1]

Manufacturers

The 25 kV AC Class 11E electric locomotive was designed for the South African Railways (SAR) by General Motors (GM) while its thyristor traction technology was provided by Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget (ASEA) of Sweden. It was built in South Africa by General Motors South Africa (GMSA), whose corporate name was changed to Delta Motor Corporation two-thirds through the locomotive building process. Altogether forty-five locomotives were delivered between 1985 and 1987, numbered in the range from 11-001 to 11-045.^[2]^[3]

Characteristics

Appearance

Following the Class 9E in 1978 and the Class 7E1 in 1980, the Class 11E was the third single-cab mainline electric locomotive to be acquired by the SAR. Until the Class 9E was introduced all South African mainline electric locomotives were dual cab units, but since the Classes 9E, 7E1 and 11E locomotives were designed to be used in a service where multiple unit operation was the normal practice, a second cab was deemed unnecessary.^[1]^[3]

Brakes

At the time, they were the most powerful locomotives in SAR service with a continuous power output of {{convert|3900|kW|hp|abbr=off}} compared to the {{convert|3840|kW|hp|abbr=off}} of the Class 9E. Four units can haul two hundred loaded coal wagons in a train weighing more than {{convert|21000|t|lt|abbr=off}}. Since they are used on a route where loaded trains face steeper descending than ascending grades, the locomotive was designed to produce {{convert|4500|kW|hp|abbr=off}} of rheostatic braking power.^[1]^[3]

Bogies

The Class 11E was built with sophisticated traction linkages on the bogies, similar to the bogie design which was introduced on the Class 6E1 in 1969. Together with the locomotive's electronic wheel-slip detection system, these traction struts, mounted between the linkages on the bogies and the locomotive body and colloquially referred to as grasshopper legs, ensure the maximum transfer of power to the rails without causing wheel-slip by reducing the adhesion of the leading bogie and increasing that of the trailing bogie by as much as 15% upon starting.^[3]

Works numbers and delivery dates

The table lists the Class 11E works numbers and the date on which each unit was delivered to the SAR.^[2]^[4]

**Class 11E, Type GM GM5FC**
Loco no.	Builder	Works no.	Delivery date
11-001	GMSA	119.01	29 Apr 1985}}
11-002	GMSA	119.02	5 Jun 1985}}
11-003	GMSA	119.03	28 Jun 1985}}
11-004	GMSA	119.04	12 Jul 1985}}
11-005	GMSA	119.05	1 Nov 1985}}
11-006	GMSA	119.06	25 Apr 1986}}
11-007	GMSA	119.07	1 Nov 1985}}
11-008	GMSA	119.08	5 Dec 1985}}
11-009	GMSA	119.09	17 Dec 1985}}
11-010	GMSA	119.10	14 Feb 1986}}
11-011	GMSA	119.11	1 Mar 1986}}
11-012	GMSA	119.12	1 Mar 1986}}
11-013	GMSA	119.13	22 Mar 1986}}
11-014	GMSA	119.14	22 Mar 1986}}
11-015	GMSA	119.15	5 Apr 1986}}
11-016	GMSA	119.16	24 May 1986}}
11-017	GMSA	119.17	24 May 1986}}
11-018	GMSA	119.18	21 Jun 1986}}
11-019	GMSA	119.19	21 Jun 1986}}
11-020	GMSA	119.20	31 May 1986}}
11-021	GMSA	119.21	6 Jul 1986}}
11-022	GMSA	119.22	22 Aug 1986}}
11-023	GMSA	119.23	16 Aug 1986}}
11-024	GMSA	119.24	16 Aug 1986}}
11-025	GMSA	119.25	25 Sep 1986}}
11-026	GMSA	119.26	24 Sep 1986}}
11-027	GMSA	119.27	13 Oct 1986}}
11-028	GMSA	119.28	20 Dec 1986}}
11-029	GMSA	119.29	13 Dec 1986}}
11-030	GMSA	119.30	29 Mar 1987}}
11-031	Delta	119.31	1 May 1987}}
11-032	Delta	119.32	24 May 1987}}
11-033	Delta	119.33	6 Jun 1987}}
11-034	Delta	119.34	21 Jun 1987}}
11-035	Delta	119.35	3 Jul 1987}}
11-036	Delta	119.36	17 Jul 1987}}
11-037	Delta	119.37	31 Jul 1987}}
11-038	Delta	119.38	10 Aug 1987}}
11-039	Delta	119.39	28 Aug 1987}}
11-040	Delta	119.40	12 Sep 1987}}
11-041	Delta	119.41	19 Sep 1987}}
11-042	Delta	119.42	3 Oct 1987}}
11-043	Delta	119.43	16 Oct 1987}}
11-044	Delta	119.44	7 Nov 1987}}
11-045	Delta	119.45	5 Dec 1987}}

Service

Until 1978, all electrified routes in South Africa used 3 kV DC. Beginning in 1978, {{nowrap|25 kV AC}} was introduced on all new mainline electrification projects bar one, the exception being the Orex iron ore line from Sishen to Saldanha where 50 kV AC was used. There are four isolated {{nowrap|25 kV AC}} routes.^[1]^[2]^[3]

From Pyramid South to Pietersburg and via Rustenburg to Thabazimbi.
From Ermelo to the Richards Bay Coal Terminal at Richards Bay.
From Port Elizabeth to De Aar and from there north to Kimberley and south to Beaufort West.
From East London to Springfontein in the Free State.

The Class 11E was designed primarily for export coal hauling on the 25 kV AC Coalink line between the Mpumalanga coalfields around Ermelo and the Richards Bay Coal Terminal via Vryheid in KwaZulu-Natal.^[2]^[3]

Liveries

All the Class 11E locomotives were delivered in the SAR red oxide livery with signal red buffer beams and cowcatchers, with yellow whiskers on the ends folded over to below the side windows and with the number plates on the sides mounted on three-stripe yellow wings. In the late 1990s all were repainted in the Spoornet blue livery with either solid or outline numbers on the long hood sides.^[5]

Illustration

References

1. ^¹²³South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended
2. ^¹²³{{Middleton-SA Loco Guide|pages=50, 52, 60, 62}}
3. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{Paxton-Bourne|page=133}}
4. ^Additional information as supplied by John N. Middleton
5. ^[https://sites.google.com/site/soulorailway/home/system-7-1/south-eastwards-as-far-as-volksrust-2nd-section-wattles-to-union-junction-by-les-pivnic Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 9. South-Eastwards as far as Volksrust (2nd part) by Les Pivnic. Caption 4.] (Accessed on 11 April 2017)

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