| 词条 | Souvenir de Porto Rico |
| 释义 |
HistorySouvenir de Porto Rico was written in the last trimester of 1857, when of Gottschalk's stay at the sugar plantation of English-born Mr. Cornelius Cartwright, in Plazuela.[4][5] At the time, Gottschalk was on vacation with singer Adelina Patti and her father. He would decide not to leave Puerto Rico, but instead remain there for weeks. During this period he composed a number of additional pieces after the local musical styles. Gottschalk would say about the setting where he composed the piece: "[I was] perched upon the edge of a crater, [and] my cabin overlooked the whole country. Every evening I moved my piano out upon the terrace, and played for myself alone, everything that the scene opened up before me inspired. It was there that I composed 'Marche des Gibaros.'"[6] Musical analysisThe piece in E-flat minor, set in two-four time with an initial tempo of Moderato ma con moto, consists of a repetition of two specific themes. The "A" theme, borrowed from a Puerto Rican folk song, is introduced piano or softly. The "B" theme, marked maliconico (melancholy) in the score, provides contrast by switching to a higher register and a major mode.[2] Both themes are accompanied by a traditional march rhythm, the pattern being long, long, short, short, long. Gottschalk then subjects the two themes to seven variations. Each variation is louder and more rhythmically complex than the previous until the fifth variation. At this point, the piece reaches its climax, and the following variations return to a softer and less dense version of the two themes. In his variations of the "A" theme, Gottschalk makes use of four Afro-Caribbean rhythms he learned during his time in the West Indies.[2] These rhythms consist of a tresillo, a pattern of three unequal notes, two cinquillos, patterns of five unequal notes, and the habanera, a rhythmic dance he had heard in Havana.[4] Additionally, he varies both themes with examples of typical European virtuoso style. He couples the syncopation of Latin rhythms with the virtuosic lines of his European background. Notes1. ^{{cite web|last=Nicholas|first=Jeremy|title=Souvenir de Porto Rico 'Marche des Gibaros' RO250 Op 31|url=http://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/tw.asp?w=W3734|publisher=Hyperion-records.co.uk|accessdate=7 July 2012}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite book | last=Burkholder | first=J. Peter | title=Norton Anthology of Western Music | year=2006}} 3. ^Teachout, Terry, Our Gottschalk, Commentary Magazine, 2008 4. ^1 {{cite book|last=Pruett|first=Laura Moore|title=Louis Moreau Gottschalk, John Sulivan Dwight, And The Development Of Musical Culture In The United States. 1853-1865|year=2007|publisher=The Florida State University|pages=116–123|url=http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/submitted/etd-11022007-110414/unrestricted/PruettLFall2007.pdf}} 5. ^Plazuela is located just outside the village of Barceloneta, around thirty miles east of San Juan, in the northern coast of Puerto Rico. 6. ^"Souvenir de Porto Rico, marche des gibaros for piano, Op. 31, D. 147 (RO 250)" Classical Work Reviews. All Media Guide, 2006. Answers.com, 14 Feb. 2008 ReferencesSources
External links
6 : 1857 compositions|Compositions for solo piano|Compositions by Louis Moreau Gottschalk|Piano compositions in the Romantic era|Piano compositions by American composers|Compositions in E-flat minor |
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